利用沉积物和水体的环境DNA检测鱼类物种多样性的差异

环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)调查因其敏感且能提供高分辨率的群落组成数据,正越来越多地被用于生物多样性的监测。但环境DNA研究评估不同的环境样本类型如何影响物种的可检测性仍然很少。在此,我们利用线粒体细胞色素b基因的环境DNA宏条形码比较了鄱阳湖中沉积物和水体的鱼类群落组成。结果显示:沉积物样本注释到6目10科18种,水体样本中注释到5目7科13种。沉积物和水体环境DNA共同注释到8种鱼类(32%)。本研究注释到的鱼以鲤科鱼类居多,且以小型、湖泊定居型、杂食性鱼类为主。沉积物样本中检测到的鱼类的多样性高于水体中的。鱼类环境DNA有垂直分布差异。本研究得出结论,在进行环境DNA调查时需要仔细考虑环境样本类型。建议在使用环境DNA进行鱼类资源研究时,取样策略采取沉积物样本和水体样本相结合将会更有意义。     

晶界扩散磁体性能及热场环境下磁畴演变规律的研究

采用Tb₄O₇作为扩散源对N50磁体进行晶界扩散处理,平行于取向的面扩散后磁体的H_cj增加了8.83 kOe,达到22.74 kOe,垂直于取向的面扩散后磁体的H_cj增加了8.86 kOe,达到22.77 kOe。通过对磁体的不同位置的H_cj进行分析,在距表层500～750μm处获得最大H_cj为26.77kOe。对磁体的Tb,Nd和O元素的分布进行分析,发现在表层有较高的O富集,进一步分析发现磁体中的O含量对磁体的微观结构,磁体性能和热稳定性产生了影响,得出控制磁体的O含量是取得晶界扩散良好效果的关键因素。     

柔性双咪唑配体导向的Co(Ⅱ)⁃戊二酸金属有机骨架材料的合成、结构和性能

在水热条件下合成并表征了2例基于柔性配体构筑的Co(Ⅱ)-MOFs:{[Co(glu)(bimb)]·4H2O}n (1),[Co(glu)(bix)0.5]n (2)(H2glu=戊二酸;bimb=1,4-双(咪唑-1-基)-丁烷;bix=1,4-双(咪唑-1-基-亚甲基)-苯)。配合物1显示非穿插的(4,4)-菱形网格,通过层间氢键和π…π作用拓展为三维超分子结构。加热失水后1的结构不可逆地降解。配合物2呈现典型的柱-层状三维结构,其拓扑符号为41263,中心Co(Ⅱ)离子采用四方锥构型。此外,性质研究表明:配合物1在水溶液中对染料甲基橙具有显著的吸附活性,配合物2表现出弱的反铁磁行为。     

Theoretical statistical solution and numerical simulation of heterogeneous brittle materials

The analytical stress-strain relation with heterogeneous parameters is derived for theheterogeneous brittle materials under a uniaxial extensional load, in which the distributions of theelastic modulus and the failure strength are assumed to be statistically independent. This theoreticalsolution gives an approximate estimate of the equivalent stress-strain relations for 3-D heterogeneousmaterials. In one-dimensional cases it may provide comparatively accurate results. The theoreticalsolution can help us to explain how the heterogeneity influences the mechanical behaviors, Further, anumerical approach is developed to model the non-linear behavior of three-dimensional heterogeneousbrittle materials. The lattice approach and statistical techniques are applied to simulate the initialheterogeneity of heterogeneous materials. The load increment in each loading stage is adaptivelydetermined so that the better approximation of the failure process can be realized. When the maximumtensile principal strain exceeds the failure strain, the elements are considered to be broken, which canbe carried out by replacing its Young‘s modulus with a very small value. A 3-D heterogeneous brittlematerial specimen is simulated during a full failure process. The numerical results are in good agreementwith the analytical solutions and experimental data.     

用胞映射方法讨论GKDV方程全局吸引域

本文用胞映射方法画出了GKDV方程未受扰系统和受扰系统的全局吸引域、r步吸引域。     

THEORY OF NON-PROPAGATION SOLITONS INCLUDING SURFACE-TENSION EFFECTS

In this paper, the surface-tension effects to non-propagating solitons is studied. Thusthe Larraza and Putterman’s theory has (?) modified. It is found that the surface-tensionmakes the frequency range of crosswise oscillation of solitions larger, the amplitude higherand the width smaller. When the surfactension coefficient is equal to zero (a=0), theresults are consistent with those of Larraza and Putterman.     

薄板弯曲问题的P型杂交解析有限元方法

本文采用两套变量构造有限元试函数空间，在单元内部要求试函数精确满足平衡微分方程，在单元边界上对位移和转角分别用Ｐｅａｎｏ升阶函数插值，然后利用广义变分原理建立了一种薄板弯曲问题的Ｐ型杂交解析有限方法，与常规有限元法相比，该方法不心进行过细的网格剖分，通过增加单元插值多项式的阶数Ｐ来提高精度，此外，该方法还具有积分计算只需在单元边界上进行、单元钢度矩阵和载荷向量具有嵌入结构、协调程度可以自动控制等优     

液体空分流程形式浅析

通过对全液体空分装置不同流程组织形式进行分析和模拟计算、能耗与投资的比较,根据不同规格的产品要求,进行合适的流程形式选择,以可达到节能降耗的目的。     

160-Gb/s polarization-multiplexing optical NRZ-DQPSK transmission using differential detection

Using differential detection,we perform polarization-multiplexing 160-Gb/s optical non-return-to-zero(NRZ) differential quadrature phase shift keying(DQPSK) signal transmission over 100-km standard single mode fiber at a bit error rate(BER) of less than 10-9.The enabling technology includes clock recovery,fine dispersion compensation,and polarization tracking for de-multiplexing.Furthermore,a hybrid clock recovery scheme is proposed.The scheme is realized with ordinary devices using an optoelectrical modula...     

LPS，精益生产绩效管理好工具

“用一个指标（如投资报酬率）就可以判断公司精益生产的推行是否成功,那该多好!”这番话出自一位经理,其公司刚开始推行精益生产。事实上,不止他一个人有这样的想法。