高能多粒子产生：实验综述

本文综述了欧洲核子研究中心P(?)对撞机上多粒子产生的性质、实验数据以及截面、多重数分布、赝快度分布、横动量分布、关联、粒子产额和衍射分解等。     

Y_(0.9)Eu_(0.1)Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-y)超导体中的鱼尾效应

通过对Y_(0.9)Eu_(0.1)Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-y)样品Jc(H)关系以及磁通蠕动行为的系统研究,发现:当T>40K时,其Jc值随磁场的增大呈现非单调变化.作者认为,Jc(H)的这种非单调性起源于集体磁通蠕动的维度转变.     

Y＿（0．9）Eu＿（0．1）Ba＿2Cu＿3O＿（7－δ）中的磁通蠕动研究

在较宽的温度（４．２－８０Ｋ）和磁场（０－８Ｔ）范围内测量了ＹＢａ＿２Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿（７－δ）和Ｙ＿（０．９）Ｅｕ＿（０．１）Ｂａ＿２·Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿（７－δ）样品的磁滞回线和磁弛豫，研究了其Ｍ（ｔ），Ｊ＿ｃ（Ｔ）和Ｕ＿（ｅｆ＿ｆ）（Ｊ）关系，并与现有的一些理论模型所预言的结果进行了比较。结果表明：（１）与ＹＢａ＿２Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿（７－δ）相比，Ｙ＿（０．９）Ｅｕ＿（０．１）·Ｂａ＿２Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿（７－δ）样品的有效钉扎势和无磁通蠕动时的临界电流密度有明显提高，表明Ｅｕ的部分替代引入了新的、具有更大的钉扎势的钉扎中心；（２）与其它模型相比，集体钉扎——蠕动理论对我们的实验结果作了更好的描述，因而本文为这一理论提供了新的实验证据。     

EFFECT OF THE Ba VACANCY ON THE FLUX PINNING IN YBaxCu3O7-δ SYSTEM

A series of Y123 single phase samples with various Ba vacancy concentration was prepared by making their Ba contents deviate from the stoichiometric composition. The measurements of their structure, superconductivity and flux pinning behaviour were systematically carried out. It is found that, compared with YBa₂Cu₃O_6.96 sample, the strength of the flux pinning in YBa_xCu₃O_7-δ(1.8≤x<2.0) samples is increased, and that there is an optimum value of Ba vacancy concentration for the maximum flux pinning force density. The possible origin of the flux pinning centers to determine the flux pinning behavior at higher field is discussed in detail. We suggest that the flux pinning effect at lower field may stein from the interaction between the vortex and the surfaces of grains, and that the flux pinning mechanism at higher field belongs to the core interaction.     

Y0.9Eu0.1Ba2Cu3O7-δ中的磁通蠕动研究

在较宽的温度（４．２－８０Ｋ）和磁场（０－８Ｔ）范围内测量了ＹＢａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ和Ｙ_0.9Ｅｕ_0.1Ｂａ₂·Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ样品的磁滞回线和磁弛豫，研究了其Ｍ（ｔ），Ｊ_c（Ｔ）和Ｕ_eff（Ｊ）关系，并与现有的一些理论模型所预言的结果进行了比较。结果表明：（１）与ＹＢａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ相比，Ｙ_0.9Ｅｕ_0.1·Ｂａ₂Ｃｕ₃Ｏ_7-δ样品的有效钉扎势和无磁通蠕动时的临界电流密度有明显提高，表明Ｅｕ的部分替代引入了新的、具有更大的钉扎势的钉扎中心；（２）与其它模型相比，集体钉扎——蠕动理论对我们的实验结果作了更好的描述，因而本文为这一理论提供了新的实验证据。 关键词：     

POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES OF Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ AND Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xFexO7-δ

In this paper it is reported that the measurement of the bulk positron lifetime as a function of substitution content x in the temperature range from 70 to 220K was performed in two high-T_c superconducting systems, Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu_3-xFe_xO_7-δ and Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ. It was found that τ_B of both systems decreases significantly with x and the temperature dependence of τ_B is very weak in normal state. In lower temperature region (Tc), a dramatic x-dependent temperature variation of τ_B was observed in the Ca-substituted system: from a decrease of τ_B with decreasing T to an increase of τ_B. With increasing x, the temperature dependence of τ_B remains weak in the Ca- and Fe- substituted systems. Compared with the experimental data of positron lifetime in other substituted systems and the calculation of the positron density distribution, the authors suggest that positron bulk lifetime spectra behaviour can be interpreted by the physical model based on the transfer of electron density between the CuO₂ planes and Cu-O chains. Therefore, the study of positron lifetime spectra provides a useful means to detect the local charge density and to study the correlation between the electronic structure and the high-T_c superconductivity.     

EFFECT OF THE Ba VACANCY ON THE FLUX PINNING IN YBaxCu3O7-δ SYSTEM

A series of Y123 single phase samples with various Ba vacancy concentration was prepared by making their Ba contents deviate from the stoichiometric composition. The measurements of their structure, superconductivity and flux pinning behaviour were systematically carried out. It is found that, compared with YBa₂Cu₃O_6.96 sample, the strength of the flux pinning in YBa_xCu₃O_7-δ(1.8≤x<2.0) samples is increased, and that there is an optimum value of Ba vacancy concentration for the maximum flux pinning force density. The possible origin of the flux pinning centers to determine the flux pinning behavior at higher field is discussed in detail. We suggest that the flux pinning effect at lower field may stein from the interaction between the vortex and the surfaces of grains, and that the flux pinning mechanism at higher field belongs to the core interaction.     

POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES OF Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ AND Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xFexO7-δ

In this paper it is reported that the measurement of the bulk positron lifetime as a function of substitution content x in the temperature range from 70 to 220K was performed in two high-T_c superconducting systems, Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu_3-xFe_xO_7-δ and Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ. It was found that τ_B of both systems decreases significantly with x and the temperature dependence of τ_B is very weak in normal state. In lower temperature region (Tc), a dramatic x-dependent temperature variation of τ_B was observed in the Ca-substituted system: from a decrease of τ_B with decreasing T to an increase of τ_B. With increasing x, the temperature dependence of τ_B remains weak in the Ca- and Fe- substituted systems. Compared with the experimental data of positron lifetime in other substituted systems and the calculation of the positron density distribution, the authors suggest that positron bulk lifetime spectra behaviour can be interpreted by the physical model based on the transfer of electron density between the CuO₂ planes and Cu-O chains. Therefore, the study of positron lifetime spectra provides a useful means to detect the local charge density and to study the correlation between the electronic structure and the high-T_c superconductivity.