鲍罗丁对化学的贡献

提起鲍罗丁(A.P.Borodin 1833-1887),音乐爱好者会说他是19世纪著名的俄国音乐家.的确,鲍罗丁的音乐作品脍炙人口,流芳于后.然而,音乐只是鲍罗丁的业余爱好,化学研究才是他的职业.令人遗憾的是,对此了解者寥寥,即使是化学家,也很少有人知道鲍罗丁是他们的同行;而鲍罗丁在化学方面的一些成就,都不公平地落到了其他化学家的名下.因此,回顾鲍罗丁对化学作出的贡献,有助于确立鲍     

Entanglement concentration for an arbitrary hybrid less-entangled state and W state using quantum dots and a microcavity coupled system

We propose a practical entanglement concentration protocol(ECP) for a hybrid entangled state using quantum dots and a microcavity coupled system.A hybrid less-entangled state can be concentrated to a most-entangled state with a certain probability using only one ancillary single photon.Moreover,using this protocol,we can also concentrate an arbitrary three-particle less-entangled W state using two ancillary photons and classical communication.The proposed protocols provide us with a useful method to concentrate less-entangled states,which can be implemented with current technology.     

甲基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的Ti3+/SiO2复合薄膜的发光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法, 以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为先驱物, 盐酸为催化剂, 用二步水解法制备了Ti3+/SiO2薄膜和甲基三乙氧基硅烷修饰的Ti3+/SiO2复合薄膜. 采用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、椭偏仪、荧光光谱仪等对膜层性质进行了分析. 结果表明, 掺杂Ti3+的SiO2薄膜分别在250 nm附近有一弱的激发峰, 294 nm附近有一强的激发峰, 在393 nm附近出现一强的发射峰. IR光谱发现, MTES修饰的Ti3+/SiO2复合薄膜的Si—OH的吸收峰强度比Ti3+/SiO2薄膜的略减小, Si—O—Si的吸收峰明显增强, 表明复合薄膜硅氧网络结构更规则, 有利于Ti3+的均匀分散. Ti3+/SiO2薄膜与复合薄膜的孔隙率分别为13.64%和6.66%, 表明MTES的加入使薄膜更致密. 在空气中陈放30 d后, Ti3+/SiO2薄膜已经检测不到荧光发射峰, 而MTES修饰的Ti3+/SiO2复合薄膜荧光强度只下降了18%. 在氮气中陈放30 d后, 普通薄膜与复合薄膜的荧光强度均仅下降了10%. 表明Ti3+的荧光猝灭的主要原因是由于Ti3+被氧化造成的. 溶胶中加入MTES后, 薄膜表面结构得到改善, 有效地防止了Ti3+的氧化, 荧光强度更稳定.     

PVB掺杂有机无机复合SiO2增透膜的制备和表征

以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为有机掺杂剂,正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,氨水为催化剂,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了一种新型的有机无机复合二氧化硅增透膜。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、粒度分析、紫外分光光度法、椭偏测定、原子力显微镜、静滴接触角测量等对膜层性质进行了表征。结果表明：PVB分子的引入并没有引起增透膜结构的变化。在相同的实验条件下,未经PVB掺杂的SiO₂增透膜在720 nm处的峰值透过率为99.8％,而PVB掺杂后的SiO₂复合膜在840 nm处的峰值透过率在99.9%以上。掺杂膜层变厚,峰值透过率朝长波方向移动。掺杂前后增透膜对水的接触角从29°增加到71°,膜层的疏水性得到明显提高。     

Implementation of a nonlocal N-qubit conditional phase gate using the nitrogen–vacancy center and microtoroidal resonator coupled systems

Implementation of a nonlocal multi-qubit conditional phase gate is an essential requirement in some quantum infor- mation processing （QIP） tasks. Recently, a novel solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED） system, in which the nitrogen-vacancy （NV） center in diamond is coupled to a microtoroidal resonator （MTR）, has been proposed as a poten- tial system for hybrid quantum information and computing. By virtue of such systems, we present a scheme to realize a nonlocal N-qubit conditional phase gate directly. Our scheme employs a cavity input-output process and single-photon interference, without the use of any auxiliary entanglement pair or classical communication. Considering the currently available technologies, our scheme might be quite useful among different nodes in quantum networks for large-scaled QIP.