基于少模光纤的全光纤熔融模式选择耦合器的设计及实验研究

提出了三种基于少模光纤的全光纤熔融模式选择耦合器. 根据模式匹配原理采用单模光纤与少模光纤熔融连接方式, 运用耦合模理论及光束传播法模拟分析了模式选择耦合器的结构参数对模式选择及耦合特性的影响, 实现了单模光纤中基模到少模光纤中不同阶模式的转换, 以满足不同的应用需求. 实验上以2× 2熔融光纤耦合器为例, 采用对称和非对称熔融拉锥方式, 分别实现了从基模到LP₁₁, LP₂₁模式的转换. 实验结果表明所得到的LP₁₁, LP₂₁模式在1530–1560 nm的波长带宽范围内均有较高的模式纯净度, 且模式耦合效率高于80%, 与理论模拟结果基本一致.     

Stochastic Simulation of Turing Patterns

We investigate the effects of intrinsic noise on Turing pattern formation near the onset of bifurcation from the homogeneous state to Turing pattern in the reaction-diffusion Brusselator. By performing stochastic simulations of the master equation and using Gillespie＇s algorithm, we check the spatiotemporal behaviour influenced by internal noises. We demonstrate that the patterns of occurrence frequency for the reaction and diffusion pro- cesses are also spatially ordered and temporally stable. Turing patterns are found to be robust against intrinsic fluctuations. Sfochastic simulations also reveal that under the influence of intrinsic noises, the onset of Turing instability is advanced in comparison to that predicted deterministically.     

岩石压剪断裂过程中的超声波波谱特性研究

岩石破裂过程中的声发射特性不仅与岩石种类有关 ,而且与受到的载荷和破裂进展密切相关 ,岩石受载时的声发射波谱中含有大量与微断裂有关的信息。本文通过岩石压剪加载时峰值前的声发射波谱特性分析 ,探讨了岩石压剪时的微断裂机理 ,揭示了岩石在压剪加载不同阶段的波谱特性与岩石初始非线性、线性响应和临界裂纹扩展之间的相关关系。实验结果表明 ,声发射波谱参数的变化对岩石微断裂进展的响应比载荷本身更为敏感。这一结论为岩石边坡稳定性分析 ,岩爆预测和采矿工程的安全性评估提供了十分有意义的实验依据。     

Dynamical Convergence Trajectory in Networks

It is well known that topology and dynamics are two major aspects to determine the function of a network. We study one of the dynamic properties of a network： trajectory convergence, i.e. how a system converges to its steady state. Using numerical and analytical methods, we show that in a logical-like dynamical model, the occurrence of convergent trajectory in a network depends mainly on the type of the fixed point and the ratio between activation and inhibition links. We analytically proof that this property is induced by the competition between two types of state transition structures in phase space： tree-like transition structure and star-like transition structure. We show that the biological networks, such as the cell cycle network in budding yeast, prefers the tree-like transition structures and suggest that this type of convergence trajectories may be universal.     

Frequencies-Selected Enhancement of the Extended High-Order Harmonic Generation Plateau from a United Two-Atom System Irradiated by a Combined Pulse

We present a high-order harmonic generation (HHG) spectrum from a united two-atom system exposed to a combined laser pulse, by numerically solving a one-dimensional time-dependent Schr6dinger equation. The combined laser pulse is composed of a low-frequency femtosecond pulse and a high-frequency attosecond one with respective appropriate amplitudes. For a suitable inter-nuclear separation, the harmonic emission efficiencies near the second cutoff of the extended plateau can be effectively enhanced by more than four orders of magnitude compared with the case of the low-frequency pulse alone. Such a combined pulse irradiating on the united twoatom system ionizes each atom, in a large rate (but not to a too large ionization yield), mainly at a particular time-interval. When the ionized electron from an atom reaches at the vicinity of the other atom and recombines with it, significant HHG enhancement is achieved for particular harmonics. This result, to our knowledge, is one of the best up to now in the endeavor for dramatically extending the width and simultaneously enhancing the height of the plateau.     

Hexagonal Standing-Wave Patterns in Periodically Forced Reaction-Diffusion Systems

The periodically forced spatially extended Brusselator is investigated in the oscillating regime. The temporal response and pattern formation within the 2：1 frequency-locking band where the system oscillates at one half of the forcing frequency are examined. An hexagonal standing-wave pattern and other resonant patterns are observed. The detailed phase diagram of resonance structure in the forcing frequency and forcing amplitude parameter space is calculated. The transitions between the resonant standing-wave patterns are of hysteresis when control parameters are varied, and the presence of multiplicity is demonstrated. Analysis in the framework of amplitude equation reveals that the spatial patterns of the standing waves come out as a result of Turing bifurcation in the amplitude equation.     

Phase Propagations in a Coupled Oscillator-Excitor System of FitzHugh-Nagumo Models

A one-dimensional array of 2N ＋ 1 automata with FitzHugh-Nagumo dynamics, in which one is set to be oscillatory and the others are excitable, is investigated with hi-directional interactions. We find that 1 ： 1 rhythm propagation in the array depends on the appropriate couple strength and the excitability of the system. On the two sides of the 1 ： 1 rhythm area in parameter space, two different kinds of dynamical behaviour of the pacemaker, i.e. phase-locking phenomena and canard-like phenomena, are shown. The latter is found in company with chaotic pattern and period doubling bifurcation. When the coupling strength is larger than a critical value, the whole system ends to a steady state.     

Application of step-scan FTIR to the research of quantum cascade lasers

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has moreadvantages over many other techniques for high resolu-tion studies in the mid-infrared and far-infrared spectralranges. In addition to the high frequency resolution, itexhibits a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), high through-put, and broad band range. There are two ways forthe spectrometer to implement the scan process, i.e.,the rapid-scan (continuous-scan) mode and the step-scan mode. Although many relatively simple rapid-scanFTIRs h…     

反应扩散系统中波传播的锁频现象

在空间延展系统中,当增强外部光强时,作者观察到波传播的N：N-1（N≥2）锁频现象.此现象是在光敏BZ反应实验中观察到的.通过构建一个映射函数,发现在波周期和外部光强的关系中存在魔鬼阶梯,并且此阶梯与实验数据相吻合.     

酵母蛋白质网络的动力学性质

蛋白质-蛋白质、蛋白质-DNA相互作用网络决定了细胞中各种关键功能的执行．基于芽殖酵母(budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae)的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络数据和相关的实验文献，我们建立了调控细胞周期和生命周期(cell cycle and life cycle)的蛋白质网络，并利用离散模型研究了该网络的动力学性质，研究表明：细胞周期网络的动力学性质具有很强的稳定性，约94％的蛋白质初态将演化到对应于生物学G1基态的稳定态，使其成为惟一的全局吸引点；同时，绝大多数的初态的演化路径都通过由G1激发态到G1基态的细胞周期演化路径，使细胞周期路径成为全局性的“吸引”路径。