石墨双层在外力作用下的变形特性

利用原子力显微镜的探针将石墨的双原子厚片层进行撕裂操作,发现石墨片层只沿特定的方向撕裂和折叠;进一步还发现被撕开的片层在探针的作用力下有可能被压缩或拉伸,被压缩的片层会恢复到原来的形状,但被拉伸的片层却不能恢复到原来的形状.     

质子交换膜燃料电池多时间尺度下的动态特性

目前对质子交换燃料电池动态性能的研究多针对于运行参数对系统的影响,未涉及多时间尺度下电池的动态特性和相应多时间尺度模型的研究.为探明质子交换膜燃料电池动态变化时系统内各因素在不同时间尺度下对输出性能的影响效力,利用质量扩散方程及理想气体状态方程求得氧气和氢气有效分压,根据能量守恒定律、热力学定律、电化学反应方程建立动态模型.通过设置载荷突变(大、中、小时间尺度动态时长分别为0.6 s, 165 s, 16 min)研究负载电流突变时电压立即突变的机理,从作用于动态性能时长的时间常数着手,控制变量分析双层电荷层效应的电容C、燃料氧化剂的延迟时间常数τe、热力学特性(温度T)对动态性能的影响(变量初值为C=4 F,τe=80 s, T=307.7 K),明确其在不同时间尺度下的作用强度,借助Matlab/Simulink平台仿真呈现研究结果并验证所建模型的正确性和有效性.仿真结果表明:负载突变时电压突变是由于开路电压和欧姆极化电阻的作用且欧姆电阻占主导(欧姆过电压变化值2 V,开路电压变化0.05 V),小时间尺度(ms)下C对动态性能起主导作用,中时间尺度(s)下τe对动态特性影响较大,...     

用类金刚石碳掩膜制备LaAlO3台阶衬底

我们用脉冲激光淀积（ＰＬＤ）方法在ＬａＡｌＯ３（ＬＡＯ）衬底上生长了类金刚石碳（ＤＬＣ）膜，并以此作为掩模，制备了台阶衬底．ＳＥＭ分析表明，制备的台阶衬底具有陡直的台阶角度（大于７００）．我们用这样的台阶衬底制成了ＹＢＣＯ台阶结并测量了结的基本特性，结果表明，结有较好的高频特性．     

矩底拱面状微透镜阵列的氩离子束刻蚀

在ＺｒＯ２、ＩｎＰ、Ｓｉ及ＳｉＯ２即融凝石英衬底上用氩离子束刻蚀制作面阵矩底拱面状微透镜阵列，给出了氩离子束在不同的入射角度下刻蚀器件的速率与离子束能量之间的关系。实验表明，用国产ＢＰ２１２紫外正型光刻胶制作的光致抗蚀剂掩膜图形在经过优化的工艺条件下可以通过氩离子束刻蚀将预定图形转移到衬底材料中。     

用于近场集成光学头微透镜器件的灰度掩模技术

讨论了制作适用于近场集成光学头中的凸形、凹形微透镜和折衍射复合微透镜的灰度掩模技术。定性地给出了与几种典型的凸形、凹形微透镜和折衍射复合微透镜对应的灰度掩模版的设计实例 ,以及将它应用于光刻操作的情况 ,为采用灰度掩模技术制作适用于近场集成光学头中的微透镜器件奠定了基础。灰度掩模技术在微透镜器件的制作方面具有重要的应用前景 ,有助于简化制备工艺 ,降低制作成本 ,优化微透镜阵列的结构参数。     

Compression Behaviour of Ni77P23 Amorphous Alloy up to 30.5 GPa

The compression behaviour of Ni77P23 amorphous alloy is investigated at room temperature in a diamond-anvil cell instrument using in-situ high pressure energy dispersive x-ray diffraction with a synchrotron radiation source. The equation of state is determined by fitting the experimental data according to the Birch-Murnaghan equation. It is found that the structure of Ni77P23 amorphous alloy is stable under pressures up to 30.5 GPa. Within the pressure range from zero to the experimental one, the pressure-induced structural relaxation is reversible.     

基于液晶光调制器的夏克-哈特曼波前探测技术

微透镜阵列是夏克-哈特曼波前探测器的关键器件。利用液晶器件的空间相位调制特性,可实现微透镜阵列功能,且具有孔径和焦距可变的优点。论述了基于液晶光调制的夏克-哈特曼波前探测校正技术的特征、技术进展、及应用前景。     

Ab Initio Comparative Study of Zincblende and Wurtzite ZnO

By employing the first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave method, the physical properties of zincblende ZnO are investigated in comparison with those of the common wurtzite structure. Zincblende ZnO is predicted to be a direct gap semiconductor. Compared to the wurtzite structure, the zincblende ZnO is characterized by smaller bandgap and pressure coefficient, larger electron effective mass, increasing static dielectric constants and more covalent bonding. Furthermore, the optical properties including dielectric function and energy loss function of zincblende ZnO were obtained and analysed with some features. These aspects reveal promising applications of zincblende ZnO in optoelectronic devices.     

Undercooling and Unidirectional Solidification of CuNi Alloy Melts

Cylinder-shaped CusoNi20 alloy melt is undercooled and solidified by the combination of the electromagnetic levitation technique and the flux treatment method. Nearly constant temperature gradient of 8-10 K/cm is realized for the cylindrical melts with differen~ undercooling levels at the bottom ends. The experimental results reveal that with the increase of the undercoo]ing of the melts from 35 to 220 K, the microstructures undergo transition from coarse dendrites to granular grains, unidirectional dendrites, and finally to equiaxed grains.     

The structural,elastic, and electronic properties of ZrxNbl-xC alloys from first principle calculations＊

The structural, elastic, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of ZrxNbl xC alloys are investigated using the first principles method based on the density functional theory. The results show that the structural properties of Zr~.Nb1 xC alloys vary continuously with the increase of Zr composition. The alloy possesses both the highest shear modulus （215 GPa） and a higher bulk modulus （294 GPa）, with a Zr composition of 0.21. Meanwhile, the Zr0.2! Nb0.79C alloy shows metallic conductivity based on the analysis of the density of states. In addition, the thermodynamic stability of the designed alloys is estimated using the calculated enthalpy of mixing.