Analysis of superconducting cavity quench events at SSRF

Quench is important and dangerous to superconducting RF cavities. This paper illustrates the mechanism of quench and how a quench detector works, and analyzes the quench events happening during beam operations and cavity conditioning. We find that the quench protection is mostly triggered by some reasons such as fluctuation of cavity voltage, multipacting or arc, rather than a real cavity thermal breakdown. The results will be beneficial to optimize the operation parameters of superconducting cavities, to discover the real reasons for beam trip by quench interlock, and to improve the operation stability of superconducting RF systems.     

Investigation on the fabrication of the 3rd harmonic superconducting cavity for the SSRF storage ring

A third harmonic superconducting niobium cavity has been proposed for installation in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility （SSRF） storage ring to improve the Touschek lifetime. In order to investigate the feasibility of the superconducting cavity fabrication indigenously and the possibility to master the fabrica tion techniques, cavities were fabricated from copper and niobium sheets by deep drawing and electron-beam welding, and a series of measurements, such as resonant frequency, shape dimensions and wall thickness, were carried out during this process. After analysis of various problems existing in the fabrication process, technique improvements were proposed, and finally the precise shape as designed and resonant frequency within 1.2 MHz were achieved for the new completed cavities. In addition, full annealing was finally proved to be a good cure for niobium sheets＇ tearing up during deep drawing. By fabricating niobium cavities successfully, some problems to the next step were cleared. This paper introduces the process of cavity fabrication and its technique improvements towards forming, and the initial vertical test result of niobium cavity is also presented.     

Studies of an LL-type 500 MHz 5-cell superconducting cavity at SINAP

A low loss- (LL) type 500 MHz 5-cell superconducting niobium prototype cavity with a large beam aperture has been developed successfully including the optimization, the deep drawing and electron beam welding, the surface treatment and the vertical testing. The performance of the fundamental mode was optimized and the higher order modes were damped by adopting an enlarged beam pipe for propagation. Surface preparation or treatment including mechanical polishing, buffered chemical polishing and high pressure rinsing with ultra-pure water and so on was carried out carefully to ensure a perfect inner surface condition. The vertical testing results show that the accelerating voltage higher than 7.5 MV was obtained while the quality factor was better than 1× 10⁹ at 4.2 K. No obvious multipacting or field emission was found during the test. However, a quench happened while increasing the field a little higher than 7.5 MV that at present limited the cavity performance.     

Design and simulation of a new type of 500 MHz single-cell superconducting RF cavity

This paper illustrates the design and simulation of a unique 500 MHz single-cell superconducting radio frequency cavity with a fluted beam pipe and a coaxial-type fundamental power coupler. The simulation results show that the cavity has a high r/Q value, a low peak surface field and a large beam aperture, so it can be a candidate cavity for high current accelerators. With the help of a fluted beam tube, almost all the higher order modes can propagate out of the cavity, especially the first two dipole modes, TE₁₁₁ and TM₁₁₀, and the first higher monopole mode, TM₀₁₁. The external quality factor of the coaxial fundamental power coupler is optimized to 1.2×10⁵, which will be useful when it is applied in the light source storage ring.     

上海光源储存环高频功率源

上海光源(SSRF)是一台能量为3.5GeV的中能第三代光源.储存环的设计束流是300mA,总的束流功率约625kW,借鉴国际先进经验,从THALES等公司引进500MHz 300kW(cw)高频发射机(包括速调管和相应的PSM型电源)及350kW(Cw)环流器等作为三套高频功率源的主体,一一供给三套超导高频腔,加速电子以补偿其同步辐射以及其他功率损耗.近一年来我们完成了储存环高频厅和其水冷、风冷、配电系统的建设,台速调管的制造厂验收测试,三套发射机的就位安装和调试,第一套发射机的现场验收测试,第一台环流器的安装和高功率验收测试,第一套高频功率源的高功率传输系统在不同反射相位下的满功率老炼.第二、三套发射机的现场验收测试正在进行中,预计10月份全·部完成.迄今为止所有的验收项目均达到技术指标.本文简要地叙述了SSRF高频功率源的选型、技术指标、设计方案、总体布局,重点介绍了现场验收测试的结果.     

上海光源储存环高频功率源

上海光源(SSRF)是一台能量为3.5GeV的中能第三代光源. 储存环的设计束流是300mA, 总的束流功率约625kW, 借鉴国际先进经验, 从THALES等公司引进500MHz 300kW (CW)高频发射机(包括速调管和相应的PSM型电源)及350kW (CW)环流器等作为三套高频功率源的主体, 一一供给三套超导高频腔, 加速电子以补偿其同步辐射以及其他功率损耗. 近一年来我们完成了储存环高频厅和其水冷、风冷、配电系统的建设, 4台速调管的制造厂验收测试, 三套发射机的就位安装和调试, 第一套发射机的现场验收测试, 第一台环流器的安装和高功率验收测试, 第一套高频功率源的高功率传输系统在不同反射相位下的满功率老炼. 第二、三套发射机的现场验收测试正在进行中, 预计10月份全部完成. 迄今为止所有的验收项目均达到技术指标. 本文简要地叙述了SSRF高频功率源的选型、技术指标、设计方案、总体布局, 重点介绍了现场验收测试的结果.