钴基非晶丝的巨磁阻抗效应实验装置设计

介绍了巨磁阻抗效应的原理,提出了测量方法,分析巨磁阻抗效应随频率、外加磁场的变化规律.研究表明在6~21 MHz范围内,100 mT磁场下巨磁阻抗可达-50%以上,并且在30~40 mT磁场下巨磁阻抗即可达到-40%.     

Three-dimensional clogging structures of granular spheres near hopper orifice

The characteristic clogging structures of granular spheres blocking three-dimensional granular flow through hopper outlet are analyzed based on packing structures reconstructed using magnetic resonance imaging techniques.Spheres in clogging structures are arranged in a way with typical features of load-bearing,such as more contacting bonds close to the horizontal plane and more mutually-stabilized contact configurations than packing structures away from the orifice.The requirement of load-bearing inevitably leads to the cooperativity of clogging structures with a correlation length of several particle diameters.This correlation length being comparable with the orifice diameter suggests that a clogging structure is composed of several mutually-stabilized structural motifs to span the orifice perimeter,instead of a collection of independent individual spheres to cover the whole orifice area.Accordingly,we propose a simple geometric model to explain the unexpected linear dependence of the average size of three-dimensional clogging structures on orifice diameter.     

用拉曼散射分析碲镉汞中的缺陷

本文分析了碲镉汞（HgCdTe或MCT）中Te沉淀相,Hg空位的拉曼散射峰,以及碲镉汞表面完整性与它的二级拉曼散射峰的关系,MCT中的Te沉淀相的拉曼峰位于125和145cm^-1处,此峰与标准的Te三角晶系的拉曼峰相比,往高能方向移动了2cm^-1,这表明Te沉淀相受到了压应力的作用,MCT中位于108cm^-1处微弱的拉曼峰来源于Hg空位,此峰只在p型和包含有反型层的MCT中出现,在n型的MCT中几乎不出现,MCT的拉曼二极散射峰对其表面完整性非常敏感,表面完整性好的拉曼峰很明显,而表面完整性较差的峰则不太明显,此峰的1LO（T）模的强度测量对晶体制备过程中的表面分析也可能供有用的信息。     

Fast synchrotron X-ray tomography study of the packing structures of rods with different aspect ratios

We present a fast synchrotron X-ray tomography study of the packing structures of rods with different aspect ratios. Utilizing the high flux of the X-rays generated from the third-generation synchrotron source, we can complete a high- resolution tomography scan within a short period of time, after which the three-dimensional （3D） packing structure can be obtained for the subsequent structural analysis. The image phase-retrieval procedure has been implemented to enhance the image contrast. We systematically investigated the effects of particle shape and aspect ratio on the structural properties including packing density and contact number. It turns out that large aspect ratio rod packings will have wider distributions of free volume fraction and larger mean contact numbers.     

巨磁阻抗效应实验研究

利用物理实验室中常见的设备,搭建了一组巨磁阻抗效应实验装置,测量了在不同轴向外磁场及不同频率下钴基非晶态软磁合金细丝的阻抗.阻抗实部虚部均随外磁场增大迅速减小,而随频率增大缓慢增大.与交流阻抗的电磁理论比较,该实验结果与理论一致.实验观察到在40 MHz的频率、10 mT外磁场中阻抗变化达80%.根据数据和理论公式拟合,发现材料复磁导率随磁场强度增大迅速减小.     

浮沉子实验中不可逆现象的研究

浮沉子是与浮力相关的趣味装置,浮沉子的不可逆现象是研究其运动机制的关键问题.设计了参量可控的浮沉子实验装置,研究了浮沉子的运动过程,利用夹逼的方法获得了浮沉子不可逆现象的临界深度,并且研究了影响临界深度的参量,验证了基础的理论模型和修正后的理论模型的适用性.实验结果表明：浮沉子的初始气柱越长,临界深度越深,二者基本呈线性关系;浮沉子的长度越小,临界深度越深;浮沉子的截面积越大,临界深度越深.