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用于测量ICF靶丸内氚活度的电离室的设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
设计了一种可测量ICF靶内氚含量的圆柱电离室。密封部件的设计抛弃了传统的橡胶密封而采用全金属密封, 以消除橡胶、 塑料对氚的强吸附性产生的电离室污染。为防止氚扩散污染电离室的内壁, 内壁镀上一层2 μm的Au膜。在中心电极和外电极间引入保护电极以降低低水平放射性测量时的电极漏电流。保护电极和中心电极间的绝缘材料, 以及保护电极和外电极间的绝缘材料分别选择绝缘性好、 耐高温的蓝宝石和Al2O3陶瓷。另外, 基于对ICF靶参数测量的特殊要求, 在电离室中设计了一个压碎靶丸释放氚的装置。最后, 通过物理建模和复合损失计算, 得到了优化的电离室参数。A cylindrical ionization chamber was designed for the measurement of the tritium at the level enclosed in inertial confinement fusion(ICF) targets. In stead of the conventional rubber seals, the metallic seals was adopted to reduce the chamber contamination caused by the strong tritium absorption of rubber and plastics. A 2 μm thick Au layer was plated on the inner wall of the chamber to avoid the contamination due to tritium diffusion in the chamber. The protective electrode was introduced to reduce the leakage current when measuring the low level radioactivity. Sapphire was employed as an insulator between the protective electrode and central electrode, while Al2O3 ceramic was used in between the protective electrode and the external electrode. In addition, to meet the specific requirements on the measurement of ICF targets’ parameters, a component used to crash the target to release tritium was designed in the chamber. Finally, the optimal chamber parameters were obtained in terms of physics modeling and combination loss computation. 相似文献
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相衬成像方法利用硬X射线对低密度弱吸收物质成像,可获得高衬度图像。用菲涅尔衍射理论分析了X射线图像的形成机理。在频域中根据光学传递函数,对物像距离、样品空间频率等对图像相位衬度的影响进行了分析。分辨率和衬度是决定图像可见度的两个依据,分辨率主要依赖于光源的空间相干性,空间相干性又决定于源点尺寸,而时间相干性(单色性)是一个不重要的影响因子。利用多色微焦点源实现了X射线相衬成像技术,获得了有价值的相衬图像,如低原子序数低密度泡沫材料的硬X射线相衬图像,与吸收衬度成像相比,其图像质量得到了很大提高,能观察到泡沫材料的细微结构,分辨率可达μm量级。 相似文献
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随着状态方程物理实验的深入,对靶的制备精度和要求不断提高,采用原有的工艺制备的EOS靶已经不能满足物理实验的要求。考虑现有设备情况,采用轧机轧制法制备金属薄膜,精密切削加工楔形靶,真空扩散连接法制备Al-Cu阻抗匹配靶。 相似文献
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