LOW-FREQUENCY INTERNAL FRICTION STUDY FOR SrBi2Ta2O9 FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS

Low-frequency internal friction (IF) of SrBi₂Ta₂O₉(SBT) ceramics has been measured at temperatures ranging from 293 to 623 K. Two IF peaks, with their locations around 393 K (P1) and 569 K (P2) (f≈1.58 Hz), respectively, are observed. P1 is found to be associated with a relaxation process with activation energy of 0.97 eV and pre-exponential factor of 3.58×10^-14 s. Peak shape analyses reveal that P1 can be well described by a broadened Debye peak with the width parameter β from 2.70 to 2.92. The mechanism responsible for P1 is proposed to be relaxation of oxygen vacancies near domain walls(DWs). P2 is considered to arise from viscous motion of DWs since it shows characteristics of static hysteresis type. Comparisons for the IF behavior between SBT and Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃(PZT) suggest that in SBT oxygen vacancies are much less localized near DWs than that in PZT. This result provides a possible explanation for the weak DW pinning due to oxygen vacancies in SBT.     

菁染料共价键合在单晶硅表面的X－光电子能谱

在单晶硅表面通过多步化学反应共价键合多种菁染料，对它们的ＸＰＳ分析表明，单晶硅表面存在着与各单体染料组成相同的化学元素及化学环境，并由有关元素结合能的分析证明它们是通过硅氮键键合于单晶硅表面上的。     

Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的某些调制结构特征

本文利用高分辨电子显微术对Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O系超导体的显微结构进行了研究。本文发现在2212相中存在两种新的一维调制结构:调制矢量为q=c^*+0.074b~*和D_s=0的调制结构,并发现D_s=0的结构在长时间电子照射下会演变成D_s=1/2ws的稳定结构,同时从倒空间和正空间详细讨论了该体系中的几种调制现象。     

铋钙锶铜氧高温超导体的纳米结构特点

利用X衍射,X能量散射谱(EDS)和高分辨电子显微镜研究了3种Bi-Ca-Sr-Cu-O体系的超导材料及其纳米结构特点。除了具有a=5.41,b=5.44和c=30.8的正交晶胞作为基本结构A₁之外,还发现了3个与钙钛矿结构有关的结构类型:A₀,A₃和A₄。进而,并大量发现一个很显著的结构现象:A₁结构与那些钙钛矿有关的结构(A₀,A₂和A₄)发生共生长。     

LOW-FREQUENCY INTERNAL FRICTION STUDY ON MODIFIED LEAD METANIOBATE CERAMICS

Six Q^-1 peaks in freshly-worked PbNb₂O₆ ceramics are observed by low-frequency internal friction measurement so far as we know for the first time. P₁, P₂, and P₄ appear at the first heating process with remarkable shear modulus anomalies. But they are not observed during the cooling process or in the well-annealed samples. Those peaks are considered to be related with the working processes. P₃ is a widened Debye relaxation peak in nature. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor are about 1.01 eV and 2.5×10^-12 s, respectively. This peak is attributed to the interaction of domain walls and oxygen vacancies. P₆ is corresponded with the paraelectric and ferroelectric phase transition. P₅, appearing near T_c, is thought to be caused by the viscous movement of the domain walls.     

LOW-FREQUENCY INTERNAL FRICTION STUDY FOR SrBi2Ta2O9 FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS

Low-frequency internal friction (IF) of SrBi₂Ta₂O₉(SBT) ceramics has been measured at temperatures ranging from 293 to 623 K. Two IF peaks, with their locations around 393 K (P1) and 569 K (P2) (f≈1.58 Hz), respectively, are observed. P1 is found to be associated with a relaxation process with activation energy of 0.97 eV and pre-exponential factor of 3.58×10^-14 s. Peak shape analyses reveal that P1 can be well described by a broadened Debye peak with the width parameter β from 2.70 to 2.92. The mechanism responsible for P1 is proposed to be relaxation of oxygen vacancies near domain walls(DWs). P2 is considered to arise from viscous motion of DWs since it shows characteristics of static hysteresis type. Comparisons for the IF behavior between SBT and Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃(PZT) suggest that in SBT oxygen vacancies are much less localized near DWs than that in PZT. This result provides a possible explanation for the weak DW pinning due to oxygen vacancies in SBT.     

四甲川苯乙烯萘并噻唑半菁染料的合成

以2-甲基-3-磺酸丙烷-β-萘并噻唑等与肉桂醛及其衍生物为原料,合成了三种新型水溶性苯乙烯半菁染料,并对三种染料的紫外吸收进行了研究.     

YBCO中微结构对Jc的影响及机制

本文揭示了YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x超导陶瓷材料中微结构特征参量与临界电流密度(J_c)以及Cu-O面行为之间的关系.实验用3个样品的T_c均为90K,但他们的J_c分别为30,300和2000A/cm².结果表明,l/w≥3晶粒数,含畴晶粒数和平直晶界数这3个微结构特征参量,在YBCO超导材料中起着重要作用.研究结果还表明,这些微结构特征参量与结构中二维Cu-O面的行为密切相关,并且也是解释微结构影响J_c原因的关键.     

两种新型植物激素燃烧热的测定及生成焓的计算

本文报道了用精密转动弹量热计测定两种新型植物激素２－［（２－氯苯胺基）羰基］苯甲酸与Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）的配合物的燃烧热，换算得Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）配合物的－△ｃＨ＾×ｍ分别为１１８８１．１±６．９，１３２０６．７±７．５ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１，计算得它们的－△ｆＨ＾×ｍ分别为２０５０．５±６．９，６３９．７±７．５ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ＾－１。