Effects of nonlinearity of restoring springs on propulsion performance of wave glider

Nonlinear Dynamics - Wave glider is an unmanned surface vehicle that can directly convert wave energy into forward propulsion and fulfill long-term marine monitoring. A previous study suggested...     

Green synthesis of nanowire-like Pt nanostructures and their catalytic properties

We reported a simple and effective green chemistry route for facile synthesis of nanowire-like Pt nanostructures at one step. In the reaction, dextran acted as a reductive agent as well as a protective agent for the synthesis of Pt nanostructures. Simple mixing of precursor aqueous solutions of dextran and K₂PtCl₄ at 80 °C could result in spontaneous formation of the Pt nanostructures. Optimization of the experiment condition could yield nanowire-like Pt nanostructures at 23:1 molar ratio of the dextran repeat unit to K₂PtCl₄. Transmission electron microscopy results revealed that as-prepared nanowire-like Pt nanostructures consisted of individual Pt nanoparticles with the size range from 1.7 to 2.5 nm. Dynamic light scattering analysis indicated that as-prepared nanowire-like nanostructures have already formed in solution. The as-prepared nanowire-like Pt nanostructures were further characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the ratio dependence and temperature dependence of this reaction have also been investigated. The as-prepared nanowire-like Pt nanostructures can be immobilized on glassy carbon electrodes using an electrochemical coupling strategy, and the resulting nanowire-like Pt nanostructures modified film exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of oxygen and the oxidation of NADH.     

Microwave-assisted extraction of quercetin and acid degradation of its glycosides in Psidium guajava leaves.

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and microwave-assisted hydrolysis (MAAH) were developed for the sample preparation of guava leaves prior to GC determination of quercetin and its glycosides. Ethanol was selected as the solvent. The optimum MAE temperature, particle size, solvent volume and MAE time are 120 degrees C, 40 - 60 mesh, 20 mL and 5 min, respectively; the optimum MAAH temperature and time, HCl concentration, solvent are 100 degrees C, 5 min, 1.2 mol L(-1) HCl and ethanol, respectively.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱无标样分析法的研究Ⅱ．各种因素对元素特征质量实验值的影响

本实验在消除基体干扰的前提下，分别研究了狭缝宽度、灯电流、进样体积、冷却步骤、灰化温度、原子化温度及分析元素形态等因素对元素特征质量实验值的影响，设法消除或控制那些对特征质量实验值有明显影响的因素，以获得稳定的特征质量实验值。     

用Monte Carlo模拟方法研究ICP－AES中的物理化学过程 Ⅱ．蒸发过程的模拟和有效质量传输速率的计算

本文讨论用ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ方法模拟ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ中蒸发过程的理论依据和基本思想，得到了与发射强度密切相关的有用质量传输速率。     

ICP-AES中Ca、Al之间相互干扰的研究

本文在不同条件下比较详细地研究了Ca与Al在ICP-AES中的相互干扰,结果表明:这种干扰的垂直空间分布与其它元素的基体效应不同,特别在低观察区域Ca、Al之间呈现较为明显的相互抑制效应,说明Ca和Al之间产生了溶质挥发干扰。对分析条件特别是入射功率、载气流量及观察高度进行最优化可以使这种干扰减至最小。     

计算机差谱法测定混合稀土元素

报道了在自装光电二极管阵列电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪上采用计算机差谱法进行混合稀土元素分析。该法能有效而简便地消除光谱干扰，结果准确可靠。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法绝对分析

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)绝对分析近年来得到了较显著的发展,其主要原因是由于GFAAS中基体干扰问题获得了解决;用以描述GFAAS性能的特征质量MOE值相对稳定;以及用L’vov提出的计算MOT值的式子算出的32个元素的MOT值已比较接近其实验MOE值。大量数据表明完全有可能实现GFAAS绝对分析。     

鲨鱼软骨质量的聚类分析法

用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）测定了１８个鲨鱼软骨真品中１３个元素含量，对测定结果进行分析和变量聚类分析，抽提５个特征指标，并以谱系数聚类建立了鉴别鲨鱼软骨真伪的数学模式，用３个假冒产品和一个鲨鱼软骨胶囊对其进行检验，结果表明，用无机元素所建立的数学模式不仅能鉴别鲨鱼软骨的真伪，还能区分鲨鱼软骨的部分及不同部位的混合物。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱无标样分析法的研究：Ⅰ.消除基体干扰

实现石墨炉原子吸收光谱绝对分析必须消除基体干扰，本研究采用有机基体改进剂，管壁原子化、热解涂层石墨管，峰面积积分吸收信号，Ｄ２灯或Ｚｅｅｍａｎ效应扣除背景，有效地控制和消除了海水基体对Ａｓ，Ｃｄ，Ｃｏ，Ｃｒ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｎ，Ｎｉ，Ｐｂ和Ｖ等元素的干扰，实现了无干扰测定。