Forward-backward multiplicity correlations of target fragments in nucleus-emulsion collisions at a few hundred MeV/u

The forward-backward multiplicity and correlations of a target evaporated fragment (black track particle) and target recoiled proton (grey track particle) emitted from 150 A MeV ⁴He, 290 A MeV ¹²C, 400 A MeV ¹²C, 400 A MeV ²⁰Ne and 500 A MeV ⁵⁶Fe induced different types of nuclear emulsion target interactions are investigated. It is found that the forward and backward averaged multiplicity of a grey, black and heavily ionized track particle increases with the increase of the target size. The averaged multiplicity of a forward black track particle, backward black track particle, and backward grey track particle do not depend on the projectile size and energy, but the averaged multiplicity of a forward grey track particle increases with an increase of projectile size and energy. The backward grey track particle multiplicity distribution follows an exponential decay law and the decay constant decreases with an increase of target size. The backward-forward multiplicity correlations follow linear law which is independent of the projectile size and energy, and the saturation effect is observed in some heavy target data sets.     

Projectile fragment emission in the fragmentation of 56Fe on C,Al and CH2 targets at 471 A MeV

The emission angle and the transverse momentum distributions of projectile fragments produced in the fragmentation of 56Fe on CHs, C and A1 targets at 471 A MeV are measured. It is found that for the same target, the average value and width of the angular distribution decrease with an increase of the projectile fragment charge; for the same projectile fragment, the average value of the distribution increases and the width of the distribution decreases with increasing the target charge number. The transverse momentum distribution of a projectile fragment can be explained by a single Gaussian distribution and the averaged transverse momentum per nucleon decreases with the increase of the charge of projectile fragment. The cumulated squared transverse momentum distribution of a projectile fragment can be explained well by a single Rayleigh distribution. The temperature parameter of the emission source of the projectile fragment, calculated from the cumulated squared transverse momentum distribution, decreases with the increase of the size of the projectile fragment.     

课程思政视域下高职物理融入BOPPPS模型的教学实践研究

物理学是职业院校部分专业的公共基础课程,在课程思政视域下,如何将思政教育落实到物理课程实施中成为摆在职业院校物理教师面前的重要问题。文章从基于BOPPPS模型的高职物理与课程思政有效融合教学实施路径、教学效果、应用建议等方面对高职物理融入课程思政进行了探索与实践。     

中高能重离子诱发乳胶核反应慢粒子产生(英文)

对150 AMeV 4He,290 AMeV 12C,400 AMeV 12C,400 AMeV 20Ne及500 AMeV 56Fe诱发乳胶不同靶核反应靶核碎片多重数分布及关联进行了研究。结果表明,黑径迹粒子、灰径迹粒子及重电离粒子平均多重数随靶核大小的增加而增加,不同靶核碎片多重数之间存在线性关联。这些实验结果均可以依据核-核碰撞几何模型及级联蒸发模型来解释。     

Features of the total disintegration events of heavyemulsion targets caused by 4.5A GeV/c16O

Total disintegration events produced by 4.5\,A GeV/c $^{16}$O--AgBr interactions are analysed to investigate the characteristics of secondary charged particles produced in such collisions. The multiplicity distributions of grey, black, and relativistic charged particles can be well represented by Gaussian distribution. The average multiplicity of grey particles is found to increase with the mass of projectile increasing, while that of black particles is found to decrease with the mass of projectile increasing. This result is in good agreement with the prediction of fireball model. Finally, the linear dependence between grey and black particles is observed, but there is no distinct dependence between the production of relativistic charged particles and the target excitation.     

The production of slow particles in 16O－Em interactions at 4.5 A GeV/c

A sample of 1233 events is used to study the general characteristics of {}^{16}O－Em interactions at 4.5 A GeV/c. Multiplicity and angular distributions of slow particles and correlations among them are discussed. The present data are compared with the corresponding results from the interactions of other projectiles at the same energy and also the same projectile at different energies. The results indicate that black particle production is independent of the energy and mass of the projectile, but for grey particles it is dependent on the mass of projectile.     

对高中学生学习化学行为归因的研究

本文从“归因理论”的3个维度：内外因维度、稳定性维度、可控制性维度，采用调查问卷的研究方法，探索中学生学习化学行为归因认识的倾向及其规律性。并根据统计的结论，得出今后化学教学中应注意的几个问题。     

Self-affine Multiplicity Fluctuation of Slow Particles in 16O-AgBr Collisions at 3.7 A GeV

We study the slow particles in 160-AgBr collisions at 3.7A GeV in nuclear emulsion with the method of twodimensional factorial moments using the Hurst exponent. Our investigation reveals the power law behaviour, exhibited in self-affine analysis, better than that in self-similar analysis. This work shows a clear evidence of self-affine target fragmentation.     

基于水面光谱数据的官厅水库有色可溶性有机物反演

有色可溶解性有机物(简称CDOM,又称为黄色物质),存在于所有自然水体中,可以用于指示水体有机物污染的状况。相比于常规采样监测方法,基于遥感数据反演CDOM具有重要优势。但是遥感数据反演CDOM的方法通常具有区域局限性,因此需要对不同区域水体进行反演方法的检验和完善。我国北方水体CDOM遥感反演的相关研究较少,选择位于河北省张家口市和北京市延庆区交界的官厅水库为研究区,利用2013年10月26日获取的水面遥感反射率光谱(R_rs(λ))和实验室测得的CDOM吸收系数(a_CDOM(λ))数据,首次进行了CDOM浓度(以440 nm处CDOM的吸收系数(a_CDOM(440))表示)反演。对半解析方法即QAA-CDOM方法进行了检验和改进,并建立了CDOM反演的经验模型。QAA-CDOM方法反演结果的均方根误差RMSE为0.10,平均相对误差σ为10.8%。通过实测数据计算了每个波段的水面以下上行辐照度与辐亮度的比值Q,代替了QAA-CDOM方法中的固定Q值,对QAA-CDOM方法进行改进,反演结果精度仅略有提升,RMSE=0.09, σ=10.2%。同时,用四个遥感反射率的比值与a_CDOM(440)进行回归分析,建立了CDOM反演的经验模型。结果显示R_rs(531)/R_rs(551)与CDOM浓度的相关性最大,决定系数为0.63;基于该波段比值建立的CDOM反演经验模型的反演结果的均方根误差RMSE为0.08,平均相对误差σ为8.8%。经验方法反演结果的精度更高,但需要同步实测数据进行所选波长和模型系数的标定;半解析方法不需要标定,更易于推广。