DFT Study of Oxygenated Organic Pollutants Catalyzed by Molybdenum Oxides: Comparison of Reaction Mechanisms of MoO_x + HCHO(x = 1, 2, 3)

The reaction mechanisms between formaldehyde and MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) have been studied thoroughly in this paper. Five reaction pathways were found in three reactions(reactions Ⅰ to Ⅲ) through studying the mechanisms of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) catalyzing formaldehyde. Different products were obtained from three reactions. Of all three reactions, the barrier energy of Route ⅡA is the lowest(4.70 kcal/mol), which means in MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3), MoO_2 has the best catalytic effect. Compared with other similar non-toxic treatments of formaldehyde, our barrier energy is the lowest. In this research, there was no good leaving group of the compound, so the mechanisms are addition reaction. We speculate that there must be an addition reaction to the more complex reactions to molybdenum oxides and aldehydes. As a chemical reagent for removing formaldehyde, it only absorbs formaldehyde and does not emit other toxic substances outward. Molybdenum oxides retain its original structures of the final products, which means it has excellent stability in the reaction of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) + HCHO. The mechanisms of all three reactions are addition reactions, but they are entirely different. As the number of oxygen atoms increases, the reaction mechanisms become simpler.     

Cu/Ag单掺及Cu-Ag共掺对ZnO光催化性能影响的第一性原理研究

运用第一性原理方法研究了Cu/Ag单掺及Cu-Ag共掺对ZnO稳定性、电子结构和光学性质的影响.CuZn2和CuZn1-CuZn3的形成能接近0.0 eV,CuZn1-CuZn2的形成能为负值,表明Cu较易掺杂且掺杂时有聚集的趋势.AgZn2的形成能为2.5 eV,AgZn1-AgZn2和AgZn1-AgZn3的形成能高于4.5 eV,说明高浓度的Ag掺杂在实际合成中不易出现.CuZn1-AgZn2和CuZn1-AgZn3的形成能与AgZn2的相近.CuZn2、CuZn1-CuZn2和CuZn1-CuZn3模型的Cu3d与O2p轨道有较大程度的杂化,价带顶端主要由Cu3d轨道占据.AgZn2、AgZn1-AgZn2和AgZn1-AgZn3模型的Ag4d与O2p轨道杂化较弱,价带顶端主要由O2p轨道占据.CuZn1-AgZn2和CuZn1-AgZn3模型的Cu3d与O2p轨道虽有杂化,但价带顶端主要由O2p轨道占据.Cu或Ag原子掺杂使Zn4s轨道在导带区显著向下移动,降低了模型的带隙宽度,它们对ZnO电子结构的影响主要集中在带隙附近.Cu-Ag共掺修饰ZnO电子结构的能力介于Cu和Ag单掺之间.上述掺杂模型吸收边都发生了红移,实现了ZnO对可见光的吸收,同时对3.10～3.90 eV范围内紫外光的吸收均高于纯ZnO,有效提高了ZnO的光催化效率.结合形成能分析可知,在不同类型掺杂下最有利的光催化模型分别为CuZn1-CuZn2、AgZn2和CuZn1-AgZn2.     

2-(2′-羟基苯基)间氮杂硫茚激发态质子转移反应的理论研究

人们早就认识到质子转移互变异构反应的存在。近年来,发现的激发态分子内质子转移反应更引入注目,因为它有重大的应用前景,如     

SinH/SinH-(n=3～8)的结构和电子亲合能的研究

选用四种不同的密度泛函理论方法(B3LYP，B3P86，BLYP，BP86)，在全电子的双ξ加极化加弥散函数基组(DZP )下，对SinH／SinH^-(n=3～8)体系进行研究，获得它们的基态结构和电子亲合能。预测Si3H／Si3H^-,Si4H／Si4H^-,Si5H／Si5H^-,Si6H／Si6H^-，Si7H／Si7H^-和Si8H／Si8H^-的基态结构分别为C2v(^2B2)／C2v(1^A1)氢桥结构，Cs(^2A’)／C(^1A’)，C2v(^2B2)／C2v(^1A1)，C2v(^2B2或^2B1)／C4v(^1A1)，C5v(^2A1)／C5v(^1A1)和C5(^2A‘‘)／C3v(^1A1)。在电子亲合能方面，B3LYP方法预测的电子亲合能是最可靠的，预测Si3H，Si4H，Si5H，Si6H，Si7H和Si8H的电子亲合能分别为2．56，2．59，2．84，2．86，3．19和3．14eV。     

高硅沸石骨架结构及其稳定性的模拟计算(I)*

The lattice energy of a series of high-silica zeolites was determined using the lattice energy minimization method. The results were compared to the lattice energy of dense polymorphs of SiO2. All high-silica zeolites frameworks are only 30～67kJ•mol-1 less stable than α-quartz This may imply that there is little energy barrier to the formation of high-silica zeolites frame-works and explain the structural diversity observed for high-silica zeolites. The relationships of calculated lattice energies and framework Structures was disscussed. The results revealed a good linear relationship between framework density of these molecular sieves and all-silica framework lattice energies.     

2-(2′-羟基-5′-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑质子转移的光谱和反应机理

用AMI和INDO/CI方法研究了2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)苯并三氮唑的激发态质子转移反应,求得基态和激发态反应的位能面、势垒和过渡态;研究了异构体的稳定性、氢键强度及光谱的指认,计算结果均与实验结果符合.讨论了对光诱导质子转移的机理和应用前景.     

亚稳态能量转移发射光谱法测定镉的研究

本文提出了一种测定镉的亚稳态能量转移发射光谱法。利用低功率交流介电法获得活化氮。采用电热蒸发微量进样装置进样,在波长为326.1nm处,测得镉的检出限为0.2 ng/mL。     

高硅沸石骨架结构及其稳定性的模拟计算(Ⅱ)

应用晶格能极小化技术计算了二十一种高硅沸石的骨架晶格能，计算结果与二氧化硅致密相比较，发现这些高硅沸石彼此间的晶格能相差很小（〈３７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ），与α－石英相差３０￣６７ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。分析这些高硅沸石的ＸＲＤ数据发现，在它们的结构中包含很短的Ｓｉ－Ｏ键长（０．１４３１ｎｍ），很长的Ｓｉ－Ｐ键长（０．１８６２ｎｍ），Ｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｏ键角分布范围大（７７．５１￣１３１．８８°），Ｓｉ－Ｏ－Ｓｉ键角平均在     

稀土磷酸盐发光材料的微波合成

稀土磷酸盐发光材料的微波合成徐文国，田一光，刘淼，刘海堂，方光华，庞文琴（吉林大学化学系，环境科学系，长春，１３００２３）关键词微波合成，稀土磷酸盐，微晶玻璃，玻璃态，发光材料稀土磷酸盐发光材料的研究是当前材料科学的热门研究课题。它们一般通过高温固相...