A DFT Study on the Adsorption of CO_2 Molecules on CaO(001) Surface at Different Coverages

The CO_2 adsorption on CaO(001) surface at different coverages from 1/9 monolayer(ML) to 1 ML has been investigated using density functional theory calculations. With the analysis of the most stable adsorption structures at different coverages, the mechanism of CaO(001)surface carbonating into CaCO_3 has been explored. At low coverages(≤1/3 ML), CO_2 molecule prefers sitting in parallel pattern on the CaO(001) surface, while the structure of the CaO(001)surface remains unchanged. At medium coverage(4/9 ～ 2/3 ML), the repulsive interactions between oxygen atoms of CO_2 become stronger, and the calcium carbonation structure appears on the CaO(001) surface. At high coverage( ≥ 7/9 ML), the structure of the CaO(001) surface is deeply damaged, and a few CO_2 molecules have penetrated into the surface and bound to the O atom of the second layer(sub-surface), eventually forming the layered structure of CaCO_3.Additionally, herein has discussed the simulation of HREELS and thermodynamical stability of these structures at different coverages.     

水蒸气处理对P-ZSM-5催化性能的影响

在不同温度下,用水蒸气对P-ZSM-5催化剂进行了处理,利用XRD、NH3-TPD、比表面和孔径物理吸附仪等手段对催化剂进行了表征,研究了水蒸气处理对P-ZSM-5催化1-丁烯裂解反应性能的影响.实验结果表明:P-ZSM-5催化剂具有良好的水热稳定性;合适的水蒸气处理,有利于催化剂孔容和孔径的增加;水蒸气处理降低了P-ZSM-5催化剂的酸量和酸强度,明显提高了丁烯裂解生成丙烯的选择性、收率和催化剂的抗积炭性能.最佳的水蒸气处理温度为580℃,P-ZSM-5催化剂催化1-丁烯裂解反应的丙烯选择性为39.4%,收率为34.2%.     

β2-AR激动剂BI-167107的合成

BI-167107是一种新的长效β2肾上腺素受体(β2-AR)激动剂,在鉴定G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)/配体络合物的结构方面具有重要应用.以2-硝基间苯二酚为原料,经过七步反应,合成了目标化合物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证.此合成路线的优点是避免了使用有毒试剂,可以便捷地用于制备较大量的BI-167107及结构相近的苯并噁嗪类化合物.     

预镀铋膜修饰碳糊电极差分脉冲伏安法测定废水中铅和镉

采用预镀铋膜法制得铋膜修饰碳糊电极,当沉积时间为540s得到最优铋膜。采用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)实现了对痕量Pb2+、Cd2+的同时测定。优化了DPV测定条件,当富集时间为150s、富集电位为-1.25V、HAc-NaAc缓冲底液的pH为4.5时,Pb2+、Cd2+的峰电流最大。在最优的实验条件下,Pb2+和Cd2+的峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数R分别为0.9912和0.9937,线性范围分别为1~10μmol/L和5~50μmol/L,Pb2+和Cd2+的检出限分别为0.32μmol/L和2.01μmol/L。对实际废水样品进行了加标回收实验,其中Pb2+和Cd2+的回收率分别为98.4%~102.6%和95.4%~104.6%。     

Determination of optimal source-detector separation in measuring chromophores in layered tissue with diffuse reflectance

Based on analysis of the relation between mean penetration depth and source-detector separation in a three-layer model with the method of Monte-Carlo simulation, an optimal source-detector separation is derived from the mean penetration depth referring to monitoring the change of chromophores concentration of the sandwiched layer. In order to verify the separation, we perform Monte-Carlo simulations with varied absorption coefficient of the sandwiched layer. All these diffuse reflectances are used to construct a calibration model with the method of partial least square (PLS). High correlation coefficients and low root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) at the optimal separation have confirmed correctness of the selection. This technique is expected to show light on noninvasive diagnosis of near-infrared spectroscopy.     

二维相关光谱法及其在蛋白类物质分析中的研究进展

二维相关光谱法是将特定形式的微扰作用于样品,通过测定一系列扰动作用下的动态光谱,结合数学相关分析,获取与样品中分子结构及作用力相关的二维相关谱特征。该方法主要基于分子振动光谱,将一维光谱扩展到二维空间,能有效提高光谱分辨率,从而识别原始光谱中重叠的分子振动变化特征,为研究分子内及分子间的化学键变化提供依据,在生物医学、药学、食品科学、环境科学以及高分子材料等领域应用广泛。自1986年Noda提出广义二维相关算法以来,二维相关光谱衍生出了投影二维相关、串联二维相关、基于模型的二维相关、异质谱二维相关、移动窗口二维相关等算法。随着近年来生物技术的迅速发展,多肽、蛋白质、酶等蛋白类物质由于参与人体重要生理化学反应过程,对其结构(尤其是高级构象)的分析是研究蛋白类物质质量及疗效的关键。二维相关光谱方法为生物医药中蛋白类物质结构研究提供了快速、无损的定性定量分析方法,可分析蛋白质类物质高级结构中的细微变化,为生物大分子药物机制机理研究提供有力的支撑。综述了二维相关光谱技术的基本原理、谱图解析方法和技术进展,以及其在蛋白类物质分析中的应用方向和前景,为相关领域研究人员应用二维相关光谱法开展蛋白类物...     

照度对测量三代微光像增强器MTF的影响分析

通过探讨像增强器MTF测试仪用光源的出射光照度对测量结果的影响,对透过测量狭缝的光强分布进行了分析.调节狭缝面的入射光照度,对不同照度作用下的调制传递函数进行了对比测量,经与微光像增强器的饱和输出亮度比较,得出:三代微光像增强器的MTF测试值随入射光照度分布呈抛物线分布,其最大值与微光像增强器的自动亮度控制特性有关.适当选择入射光照度,可确保被测像增强器既有足够的输出信噪比,而不进入饱和区域.     

二维相关近红外谱结合NPLS-DA判别掺杂牛奶的研究

将二维相关近红外谱与多维偏最小二乘判别分析方法结合起来,建立了掺杂牛奶与纯牛奶的判别模型.分别配置掺杂尿素牛奶(1～20 g/L)和掺杂三聚氰胺牛奶(0.01～3 g/L)样品各40个,采集纯牛奶及掺杂牛奶样品的近红外光谱.在量化二维相关近红外同步谱的基础上,采用多维偏最小二乘判别分析法分别建立了掺杂尿素、掺杂三聚氰胺及两种掺杂牛奶与纯牛奶的判别模型对未知样品进行判别,其判别正确率分别为95％、90％和92.5％,并与偏最小二乘判别和隐变量正交投影判别建模方法进行了比较.结果表明:多维偏最小二乘判别分析法具有更强的预测能力可推广到其它食品的掺杂检测中.     

可移动金核的二氧化钛空心球合成及光催化性质

Uniform hollow Au@TiO₂ core shell spheres with moveable Au nanoparticles were synthesized based on templating against Au@carbon spheres. The diameter of the shell of the Au@TiO₂ spheres could be controlled by adjusting the Ti(OC₄H₉)₄ hydrolyzing reaction time or the ratio of Ti(OC₄H₉)₄ to Au@carbon spheres, and the shell thickness of the core-shell spheres can be varied from 25 nm to 40 nm. As prepared hollow Au@TiO₂ core-shell spheres display enhanced photocatalytic activity in the initial stage of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue compared with pure hollow TiO₂ spheres and the commercial photocatalyst TiO₂(P-25).     

稀土改性CuO-ZnO-ZrO_2/SAPO-34分子筛催化CO_2加氢合成低碳烯烃

采用共沉淀法分别制备了Y_2O_3,La_2O_3和Ce O_2改性的Cu O-Zn O-Zr O_2,表征结果表明,稀土改性的Cu O-Zn O-Zr O_2分散性良好,比表面积增大.将稀土改性的Cu O-Zn O-Zr O_2与SAPO-34分子筛机械混合用于催化CO_2加氢一步法合成了低碳烯烃,在反应温度400℃,压力3 MPa,空速为1800 m L·g~(-1)_(cat)·h~(-1),氢碳体积比为3∶1,Ce O_2改性Cu O-Zn O-Zr O_2与SAPO-34质量比为1∶1,催化剂用量为1.0 g时,CO_2的单程转化率为54.6%,低碳烯烃的选择性和产率分别为51.1%和27.9%.