Network of nano-droplets by a tri-block polymer

Mixtures of oil in water nano-droplets with two molecular weights of a tri-block polymer was studied by quasi elastic light scattering and small angle X-ray scattering. The results showed that the size and interaction of droplets didn’t change with increase of the tri-block polymer length but the order parameters increased. The increase of length of the tri-block biopolymer changed the dynamics of the droplets. A network formation is resulted with increase of the amount of tri-block polymer in the microemulsions.     

A comparison of the inclusion behavior of human serum albumin and holo transferrin with fluoxymesterone in the presence of three different cyclodextrins

This article describes the interaction of fluoxymesterone (Flu) with HSA and HTF in the absence and presence of cyclodextrins (CDs) (α, β and γ). According to fluorescence data, the binding of Flu to the proteins caused strong static quenching in the binary and ternary systems. The fluorescence quenching results demonstrated that HSA and HTF had two and one class of apparent binding sites with a distinct binding constant in the presence of the CDs, respectively. The effects of Flu on the structure of HSA and HTF were analyzed using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, which showed that the interaction of Flu with both proteins in the binary and ternary systems altered the microenvironment around the Trp and Tyr residues. The distance, r, between Flu and the proteins was obtained according to FRET which pointed at a successful formation of a drug-protein complex. Far-UV CD spectra indicated that the binding of the drug to both proteins induced changes in the secondary structure of HSA and HTF in the binary and ternary systems. Finally, molecular modeling provided possible binding sites of Flu within the proteins for the binary and ternary systems and also confirmed the experimental results. The obtained data can be useful for determining usage drug doses in drug delivery.     

Generation of Haploid Spermatids on Silk Fibroin-Alginate-Laminin-Based Porous 3D Scaffolds

In vitro production of sperm is a desirable idea for fertility preservation in azoospermic men and prepubertal boys suffering from cancer. In this study, a biocompatible porous scaffold based on a triad mixture of silk fibroin (SF), alginate (Alg), and laminin (LM) is developed to facilitate the differentiation of mouse spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs). Following SF extraction, the content is analyzed by SDS-PAGE and stable porous 3D scaffolds are successfully prepared by merely Alg, SF, and a combination of Alg-SF, or Alg-SF-LM through freeze-drying. Then, the biomimetic scaffolds are characterized regarding the structural and biological properties, water absorption capacity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical behavior. Neonatal mice testicular cells are seeded on three-dimensional scaffolds and their differentiation efficiency is evaluated using real-time PCR, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry. Blend matrices showed uniform porous microstructures with interconnected networks, which maintained long-term stability and mechanical properties better than homogenous structures. Molecular analysis of the cells after 21 days of culture showed that the expression of differentiation-related proteins in cells that are developed in composite scaffolds is significantly higher than in other groups. The application of a composite system can lead to the differentiation of SSCs, paving the way for a novel infertility treatment landscape in the future.     

Study of triplet kinetic of thermal decomposition reaction and sensitivity to impact and electrostatic discharge of HMX polymorphs

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The polymorphs of HMX explosive show the different sensitivities to heat, friction, impact, shock, electrostatic charge, etc. Knowledge and...     

Microwave-Assisted Aminomethylation of Electron-Rich Compounds Under Solvent-Free Condition

Electron-rich aromatic compounds react with formaldehyde and a secondary amine under solvent-free condition, in the presence of acidic alumina in a commercial microwave oven or at room temperature to produce aminomethylated products in good to excellent yields.     

Rational groups and integer-valued characters of Thompson group <Emphasis Type="Italic">Th</Emphasis>

According to the main result of W. Feit and G. M. Seitz (Illinois J Math 33(1):103–131, 1988), the Thompson group Th is non-rational or unmatured group (S. Fujita in Bull Chem Soc Jpn 71:2071–2080, 1998). Using the concept of markaracter tables proposed by S. Fujita (Bull Chem Soc Jpn 71:1587–1596, 1998), we are able to obtain tables of integer-valued characters for finite unmatured groups. In this paper, the integer-valued character for Thompson group is successfully derived for the first time.     

Novel and versatile methodology for synthesis of β-aryl-β-mercapto ketone derivatives as potential urease inhibitors

The objective was to obtain new scaffold of compounds possessing anti-urease activity. For this new and simple method for the synthesis of β-aryl-β-mercapto ketone derivatives based on Michael addition of thiophenol to chalcones in an ionic liquid as a solvent was improved. The products were obtained in good to moderate yields with high purity and characterized by spectral and elemental analyses. The activities of synthesized compounds were investigated as new inhibitors of jack bean urease. Among 22 synthesized compounds, all of them have shown inhibitory effect in micromolar range, and the most potent one has IC₅₀ = 6 μM compared to hydroxyurea IC₅₀ = 100 μM as a reference inhibitor. A docking study was performed using Autodock 4.2 in parallel to in vitro experiments to illustrate the corresponded binding affinities as well as binding site, and involved residues in interaction. These computational results complimented the experimental inhibition activity and enabled us to report a potent urease inhibitors based on β-aryl-β-mercapto ketone scaffold.     

Lyapunov control of squeezed noise quantum trajectory

The quantum trajectory renders the optimal estimation of quantum state. It is a classical Itô stochastic differential equation. The Lyapunov global stabilization problem is solved for squeezed noise quantum trajectory. Lyapunov control stabilizes the quantum system toward one eigenstate. A two-level bistable quantum system is simulated as an example.     

Density and viscosity of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate with ethanol, 1-propanol, or 1-butanol at several temperatures

Densities and viscosities of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate [Bmim][NO₃], and its binaries with alcohol (ethanol, 1-propanol, or 1-butanol) were measured at different temperatures. The densities and viscosities of pure ionic liquid were correlated successfully by empirical equations. The Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann equations can fit the experimental data of viscosities for pure IL. Excess molar volume and viscosity deviations were calculated for the binaries. The excess molar volumes have negative deviations from the ideal solution.