CuO/Cu2O nanowire array photoelectrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of tyrosinase

Photoelectrochemical(PEC) biosensors have shown great promise in bioanalysis and diagnostic applications in recent years. In this work, the CuO/Cu_2O nanowire array(CuO/Cu_2O Nanowire) supported on copper foam was prepared as a photocathode for detection of tyrosinase though quinone-chitosan conjugation chemistry method. The in-situ generated quinones that were the catalytic product of tyrosinase acted as electron acceptors, which were captured by the chitosan deposited on the surface of the electrode. Direct immobilization of electron acceptor on the electrode surface improved the photocurrent conversion efficiency and thus sensitivity. The as-prepared biosensor can realize a rapid response in a wide linear range of 0.05 U/mL to 10 U/mL with the detection limit as low as 0.016 U/mL of tyrosinase. The current work provides a new perspective to design and develop highly sensitive and selective PEC biosensor.     

Electrochemistry in Carbon‐based Quantum Dots

Electrochemistry belongs to an important branch of chemistry that deals with the chemical changes produced by electricity and the production of electricity by chemical changes. Therefore, it can not only act a powerful tool for materials synthesis, but also offer an effective platform for sensing and catalysis. As extraordinary zero‐dimensional materials, carbon‐based quantum dots (CQDs) have been attracting tremendous attention due to their excellent properties such as good chemical stability, environmental friendliness, nontoxicity and abundant resources. Compared with the traditional methods for the preparation of CQDs, electrochemical (EC) methods offer advantages of simple instrumentation, mild reaction conditions, low cost and mass production. In return, CQDs could provide cost‐effective, environmentally friendly, biocompatible, stable and easily‐functionalizable probes, modifiers and catalysts for EC sensing. However, no specific review has been presented to systematically summarize both aspects until now. In this review, the EC preparation methods of CQDs are critically discussed focusing on CQDs. We further emphasize the applications of CQDs in EC sensors, electrocatalysis, biofuel cells and EC flexible devices. This review will further the experimental and theoretical understanding of the challenges and future prospective in this field, open new directions on exploring new advanced CQDs in EC to meet the high demands in diverse applications.     

基于CRISPR的生物分析化学技术

CRISPR(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)技术是一种革命性的基因编辑和调控工具,问世之后迅速成为了生物医学领域的前沿热点,广泛用于基因功能研究和治疗。CRISPR具有优异的序列识别性质,核酸切割能力,并且易于编程设计改造,在生物分析化学领域展示出独特的魅力,在病毒检测、临床诊断和单细胞成像分析等方面都取得了突破性进展。目前基于CRISPR技术的检测方法种类繁多,本文综述了CRISPR-Cas分析检测方法的研究进展,并且展望了该技术的发展趋势。     

A SIMPLIFIED MODEL FOR DOMAIN SWITCHING OF FERROELECTRIC CRYSTAL

I. INTRODUCTION Domain switching is the main source of nonlinear characteristics of ferroelectric materials. The trans-formation performance of domain is the basis for ferroelectric constitutive research. In many literatures[1??10], complete switching models were adopted, in which ferroelectric materials are considered tobe consist of several basic sorts of domains, which are independent of each other. Under the actionof su?ciently strong electric ?elds or mechanical stress, the orienta…     

铈对16Mn钢中夹杂物和组织的影响

在高温钼丝炉内向16Mn钢中加入不同含量的铈进行脱氧,分析了钢中夹杂物和组织的变化,并探讨了含铈夹杂物诱发晶内铁素体形核的机制.结果表明:随钢中铈含量的增加,夹杂物依次转变为CeAlO3,Ce2O2S和Ce2S3.经铈处理后,钢液在1873 K时保温300 s,夹杂物最为细小弥散.钢中晶内铁素体随铈含量的增加而增加,但最佳的铈含量约为0.032%(质量分数).钢中Ce2O2S和Ce2S3夹杂与α-Fe相之间的错配度分别只有1.2%和0.5%,均可作为IGF非常有效的形核核心,促进其形成.     

不同晶向金属纳米线拉伸力学性能分子动力学研究

在经典等温分子动力学框架下,采用位移加载方式,准静态条件下数值模拟常温条件下金属纳米线的单向拉伸,研究了面心立方晶格（FCC）单晶金属纳米线的弹塑性力学性能。研究发现 <100>,<110>,<111>三个不同晶向纳米线拉伸时呈现不同的拉伸变形力学性能。其中<111>晶向拉伸有最高的屈服强度,<110>晶向屈服屈服最小,特别的是<100>晶向拉伸时屈服应变最大。由于不同的晶向对应纳米线的不同表面,三个晶向的纳米线拉伸呈现不同的应力应变关系曲线,变形过程中的局部结构具有不同的演化方式。分析了纳米单晶铜线的三个晶向拉伸表现不同的等效弹性刚度和屈服强度,讨论了相关的局部位错结构演化过程和与位错发射分解剪应力相关的纳米线塑性变形机理。     

多群辐射扩散方程组的分裂迭代算法收敛分析

分析了多群辐射扩散方程组的分裂迭代算法的收敛速度,证明其收敛特性,给出迭代矩阵谱半径的解析公式.对谱半径进行数值计算与分析,揭示算法的收敛速度与辐射系数之间的依赖关系,数值算例验证了理论结果,给出了该算法的适用条件.     

A novel route to prepare pH- and temperature-sensitive nanogels via a semibatch process

A novel method via a semibatch process in the absence of surfactant has been adopted to prepare pH- and temperature-sensitive nanogels. The shape, charge distribution, temperature, and pH-induced volume phase transition behavior of the latexes were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy, zeta potentials, dynamic laser light scattering, and UV/vis spectroscopy. It was found that, in the absence of surfactant, with increasing the amount of AAc from 5 to 20 mol% of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), the hydrodynamic diameters (D_H) decrease from 230 to 60 nm. With increasing pH value from 3 to 11, the D_H values increase slightly, which is different than the dramatic increase seen when using a conventional batch method with a range from 680 to 1700 nm. However, at pH 3, the turbidity curves of these kinds of particles increase dramatically at temperatures between 33 and 37 °C, while remaining constant at first and then increasing directly at pH 11. Furthermore, the distribution of carboxylic groups located not only on the interior but also on the exterior of colloidal particles as a result of adoption of the semibatch method, other than simple surface distribution of poly(NIPAM-co-AAc) latexes via the batch method.