末次冰期以来塔里木盆地沙漠、黄土的沉积环境与演化

本文论述了诱发塔里木盆地沙漠及南缘亚砂土和黄土的搬运、沉积,至少在末冰冰期初,即已由现代本区盛行的NE和NW风系所奠定,在此风系作用下沉积的沙漠、亚砂土和黄土未有显著变化。其间,盆地虽多经流水作用,但并未能够改变沙漠及其以南的亚砂土、黄土存在的基本格局。风成相和流水相地层中的古气候证据揭示,末次冰期以来本区沙漠与黄土沉积主要是在连续干旱的气候环境下进行的。     

全新世中国季风区西北缘沙漠演化初步研究

本文在对区内几个全新世剖面研究的基础上,证明毛乌素沙漠和共和盆地沙区在最近一万年以来曾有过程度不同的6次固定成壤阶段,腾格里沙漠仅在最佳期被固定成壤。时间上风成砂与砂质古土壤波动交替、承袭穿时,空间上东侵西撤是我国季风区西北边缘沙漠演化的特有模式。     

THE FORMATION, EVOLUTION AND CAUSE OF THE Mu Us DESERT IN CHINA

Comprehensive correlation and analysis on the stratigraphic structure of the Quaternaryeolian sand in the Mu Us Desert comfirm that the Desert has been in existenceintermittently since the initial stage of the Quaternary at latest. The Desert is asteppe type sandy desert characterized by mosaic distribution of shifting, semi-shifting, semi-fixed and fixed dune and areas of loess grass land. It did not evolve toward uniform shift-ing sand, but underwent a series of normal and reverse development processes from the occur-rence of shifting sand to the spread, fixation and reduction of the sandy desert to grassland.Climatic fluctuation since the Quaternary is the primary factor for the formation and evolutionof the Desert, while neotectonics and human activities are the secondary factors.