电化学法检测水果中抗坏血酸含量的本科生综合化学实验

将电化学检测方法引入到本科教学实验中,设计了利用循环伏安法检测水果中抗坏血酸含量的综合探究性实验。采用多壁碳纳米管为活性物质,通过红外光谱表征材料化学组成,通过透射电子显微镜表征材料形貌特征,利用抗坏血酸在电极表面的氧化反应,通过反应电流曲线定量测定水果中抗坏血酸的含量。该实验原料贴近生活,能够提高学生参与积极性,所涵盖电化学理论较系统,有助于学生灵活掌握课本上的电化学知识,涉及了部分科研类大型仪器设备,帮助学生学习和了解仪器使用方法及工作机理,提高学生钻研热情。该实验可作为化学化工类本科生专业综合性实验开设。     

Observation of Nano-Dots on HOPG Surface Induced by Highly Charged Arq+ Impact

Highly charged ions （HCIs） have huge potential energy due to their high charge state. When a HCI reaches a solid surface, its potential energy is released immediately on the surface to cause a nano-scale defect. Thus, HCIs are expected to be useful for solid-surface modifications on the nano-scale. We investigate the defects on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite （HOPG） surface induced by slow highly charged Ar^q＋ ions with impact energy of 20-2000qeV with scanning probe microscopy （SPM）. In order to clarify the role of kinetic and potential energies in surface modification, the nano-defects are characterized in lateral size and height corresponding to the kinetic energy and charge state of the HCIs. Both the potential energy and kinetic energy of the ions may influence the size of nano-defect. Since potential energy increases dramatically with increasing charge state, the potential energy effect is expected to be much larger than the kinetic energy effect in the case of extremely high charge states. This implies that pure surface modification on the nano-scale could be carried out by slow highly charged ions. The mean size of nano-defect region could also be controlled by selecting the charge state and kinetic energy of HCI.     

Salen型双肟锌(Ⅱ)超分子配合物的合成及晶体结构

合成了一种含有Salen型双肟螯合配体4,4′,6,6′-四氯-2,2′-[乙二氧双(氮次甲基)]二酚(H₂L)的超分子锌(Ⅱ)配合物[ZnL(H₂O)₂]_n,并通过元素分析,红外光谱和X-射线单晶结构测定等对其结构进行了表征。该配合物由1个锌(Ⅱ)离子、1个L^2-配位单元和2个配位水分子组成。在配合物[ZnL(H₂O)₂]中,Salen-     

Lixiscope及几种材料的X射线吸收特性研究

介绍Lixiscope及模拟系统,测量了钛片(Ti)、玻璃板、镍片(Ni)和铝片(Al)对峰值能量为40keV的X射线的吸收持性,指出平板式X射线像增强器输入窗口材料选择的原则。     

不同照明光源条件下分幅摄影效果的实验研究

用高速分幅摄影测试方法研究内装炸药的金属柱壳变形和断裂,对场外布局中照明光源不同配置影响壳体的信息量进行了研究。结果表明,采用含有前后照明光源的场外布局拍摄的是效果较好,它可提供更多的实验信息。     

Effects of N doping on photoelectric properties of along different directions of ZnO bulk and nanotube

The electronic structures and optical properties of N-doped Zn O bulks and nanotubes are investigated using the firstprinciples density functional method. The calculated results show that the main optical parameters of Zn O bulks are isotropic（especially in the high frequency region）, while Zn O nanotubes exhibit anisotropic optical properties. N doping results show that Zn O bulks and nanotubes present more obvious anisotropies in the low-frequency region. Thereinto, the optical parameters of N-doped Zn O bulks along the [100] direction are greater than those along the [001] direction, while for N-doped nanotubes, the variable quantities of optical parameters along the [100] direction are less than those along the[001] direction. In addition, refractive indexes, electrical conductivities, dielectric constants, and absorption coefficients of Zn O bulks and nanotubes each contain an obvious spectral band in the deep ultraviolet（UV）（100 nm～ 300 nm）. For each of N-doped Zn O bulks and nanotubes, a spectral peak appears in the UV and visible light region, showing that N doping can broaden the application scope of the optical properties of Zn O.     

Effects of Oxygen Vacancy on Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO Bulks and Nanowires

Based on the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） in density functional theory （DFT） and using the firstprinciple plane wave ultrasoft pseudopotential method, we construct and optimize the structures of intrinsic and oxygen vacancy （Vo） ZnO bulks and nanowires （NWs） in the Castep module. Moreover, the calculation of band structures and the optical properties are carried out. The cMculated results exhibit that the oxygen vacancy exerts a more significant influence on the electronic structures of the ZnO bulks instead of the NWs. What is more, the influences of the Vo on the optical properties are mainly embodied in the ultraviolet region, and the main optical parameters of ZnO bulks and NWs with Vo are anisotropic.     

本科生综合化学实验设计:水系锌离子电池组装与测试

将柔性电极的制备以及电池组装引入本科教学实验,使学生体验电池组装及测试全过程。以电沉积制备柔性电极材料为正极,Zn箔为负极,完成全流程构筑柔性Zn-MnO₂电池器件。该实验安全性高,成本低,条件温和,常温常压下即可完成。通过充放电测试、循环伏安法测试等,计算所制备电极的质量能量密度。且电池在不同弯曲条件下,可以点亮LED灯泡。本实验内容丰富,有助于学生综合技能的提升和科学思维的培养,更加贴合现代化学学科发展,使学生更清晰地理解电化学储能相关概念,该实验可作为化学类、材料类本科生专业综合性实验开设。     

Sputtering Induced by Ar^q＋ Impact on Nb Surface

The relative sputtering yield induced by highly charged Ar^q＋ impacting on Nb surface is investigated. The yield increases drastically as the incidence angle increases. A formula Y = A^＊ tan^B（θ） ＋C, developed from classical sputtering theory, fits well with the yield. By analysing a series of coefficients A and C extracted by curve fitting, the results demonstrate the presence of a synergy of the linear cascade collision and potential energy deposition.     

双烷氧桥联的双核铜(Ⅱ)Schiff碱配合物的合成及配合行为

通过Salen型双肟配体H₂L¹(H₂L¹=5,5′-二(N,N′-二乙胺)-2,2′-[乙二氧双(氮次甲基)]二酚)与乙酸铜反应,合成了一种双核铜(Ⅱ)配合物[Cu₂(L²)₂](H₂L²=4-(N,N′-二乙胺)水杨醛O-(2-羟乙基)肟),并对其进行了X-射线衍射单晶结构分析。