Efficient up-conversion Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) co-doped Na_5Lu_9F_(32) single crystal for photovoltaic application under solar cell spectrum excitation

Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+)co-doped Na_5Lu_9F_(32) single crystals used as a spectral up-converter to improve the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells are prepared via an improved Bridgman approach. Green and red up-conversion(UC) emissions under the excitation of near-infrared(NIR) bands of 900–1000 nm and1400–1600 nm can be observed. The effectiveness of the prepared materials as a spectral converter is verified by the enhancement of power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. The sample with a UC layer is 15.5%more efficient in converting sunlight to electricity compared to the UC layer-free sample due to the absorption of sunlight in the NIR range. The results suggest the synthesized Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+)co-doped Na_5Lu_9F_(32) single crystals are suitable for enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells.     

干式变压器有限元仿真模型的电磁和振动分析

随着电力需求的逐年增长,干式变压器的数量也在不断增加。干式变压器在运行时存在着振动和噪声的问题,为了对干式变压器振动的规律与特点进行研究,本文建立了干式变压器本体振动的有限元仿真模型,通过电磁分析获得相应的磁场分布,然后利用结构动力学分析得到其本体振动的相关规律。通过对处于运行状态的变压器振动数据进行实测分析,得到变压器振动的特征频率,然后对仿真结果进行对比分析,可以发现振动幅度与频率之间存在的关系。本文的研究结果可对干式变压器的减振降噪研究提供参考。     

低温固相反应法制备钠快离子导体NaZr2(PO4)3粉体

为了进一步促进钠快离子导体磷酸锆钠(NaZr2(PO4)3)粉体的实际应用,本文提出了一种以氧氯化锆(ZrOCl2·8H2O)和二水磷酸二氢钠(NaH2PO4·2H2O)为原料的低温固相反应法制备NaZr2(PO4)3粉体.通过XRD,SEM和Raman等测试手段系统研究了磷酸盐用量对制备磷酸锆钠粉体的影响.结果 表明:采用超量的磷酸盐有利于纯相磷酸锆钠粉体的合成.同时当锆盐与磷酸盐的摩尔比为2∶5.4时,能够合成平均粒径1μm,尺寸均匀,分散性良好的磷酸锆钠粉体.研究发现研磨时发生的固相反应对磷酸锆钠粉体的制备有重要作用,一方面促进了无定型磷酸锆钠的产生,有利于磷酸锆钠晶体形成;另一方面原位生成的氯化钠为晶体的生长提供了良好的液相环境,促进了磷酸锆钠粉体的低温合成.该工作为磷酸锆钠粉体的大规模生产提供了一条简单有效的方法.     

粉喷桩单桩承载力确定方法的比较

粉喷桩在高速公路软土地基处理中得到了广泛的应用,但其承载力的合理确定是工程实际中关心的一个重要问题。通过对工程中常用的几种粉喷桩单桩承载力确定方法的比较,分析了各自存在的问题和适用条件,提出了在实际工程应用中确定水泥搅拌桩单桩承载力的选用建议。     

Luminescent characteristics of Tm3+/Tb3+/Eu3+ tri-doped Na5Y9F32 single crystals for white emission with high thermal stability

By using an improved Bridgman method, 0.3 mol% Tm$^{3+}/0.6$ mol% Tb$^{3+}/y$ mol% Eu$^{3+}$ ($y = 0$, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) doped Na$_{5}$Y$_{9}$F$_{32}$ single crystals were prepared. The x-ray diffraction, excitation spectra, emission spectra and fluorescence decay curves were used to explore the crystal structure and optical performance of the obtained samples. When excited by 362 nm light, the cool white emission was realized by Na$_{5}$Y$_{9}$F$_{32}$ single crystal triply-doped with 0.3 mol% Tm$^{3+}/0.6$ mol% Tb$^{3+}/0.8$ mol% Eu$^{3+}$, in which the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinate was (0.2995, 0.3298) and the correlated color temperature (CCT) was 6586 K. The integrated normalized emission intensity of the tri-doped single crystal at 448 K could keep 62% of that at 298 K. The internal quantum yield (QY) was calculated to be $\sim 15.16$% by integrating spheres. These results suggested that the single crystals tri-doped with Tm$^{3+}$, Tb$^{3+}$ and Eu$^{3+}$ ions have a promising potential application for white light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs).     

Rough隶属函数关于集合并与交的一种高精度计算方法

近些年来，许多处理近似问题的方法陆续被提出，其中利用Rough集理论计算两个集合的并和交的Rough隶属函数方法是被用较多的一种方法，但毕竟该方法精度较差。为此，介绍了一种精度较高的计算两个集合的并和交的Rough隶属函数方法，它克服了前者利用Rough集理论计算Rough隶属函数的复杂性，而迎来了简单和高精度的特点。     

USING RANDOM PROPORTIONAL PULSE FEEDBACK OF SYSTEM VARIABLES TO CONTROL CHAOS AND HYPERCHAOS

A method that allows one to control chaotic and hyperchaotic systems by a random proportional pulse feedback of system variables is proposed. This method is illustrated with the Rossler chaotic and the complex Lorenz-Harken hyperchaotic systems, and a better control result is obtained. The advantage of this method is that just one perturbed system variable is enough to obtain a stabilized periodic orbit.     

工艺参数对机械活化辅助NHSG法制备C@ZrSiO4色料的影响

以正丙醇锆和正硅酸乙酯分别为锆源和硅源,其含碳基团为原位碳源,采用机械活化辅助非水解溶胶-凝胶(NHSG)工艺制备了硅酸锆包裹炭黑(C@ZrSiO4)色料.通过正交试验研究了工艺参数对C@ZrSiO4色料合成、呈色性能和平均粒径的影响,并采用DTA-TG、XRD、FT-IR、Raman等测试手段探究了C@ZrSiO4色料中原位炭形成过程.正交试验结果表明:预热处理温度和活化时间为关键因素;当回流温度为95℃、预热处理温度为600 ℃、活化时间为2min、热处理温度为1000 ℃,可获得呈色性能最佳(L$值为31.18)巨粒径较小(D50为10.10 μm)的C@ZrSiO4色料,将其应用于1200 ℃基础釉中,具有较好的装饰效果.原位炭形成过程为:随热处理温度升高,含碳基团中氢和氧元素不断脱出,最终形成石墨化程度较低的原位炭,其有利于提高C@ZrSiO4色料呈色.     

脉冲形成线用CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷介电性能

设计了一种脉冲形成线用新型CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷体系,采用传统固相法通过优化组分和制备工艺,调控材料的微结构,获得了介电性能优异的介质陶瓷。其介电常数在15~35之间可调,介电损耗小于0.002,频率稳定性好。在厚度为1 mm时,介电强度高达50 kV/mm。研究了厚度对CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷介电强度的影响规律,当厚度从1 mm减小到0.1 mm时,介电强度呈非线性增大,从50 kV/mm（1 mm厚样品）提高到92 kV/mm（0.1 mm厚样品）,可见,CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷的电击穿与其机械损坏具有相似性。结合CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷的化学组分和微观结构,CaO-TiO2-Al2O3基介质陶瓷优越的电击穿特性可以用弱点击穿理论解释。