Orientation distribution of fibres in a channel flow of fibre suspension

The orientation and concentration distributions of fibres in laminar and turbulent channel flows are investigated numerically. The obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In the laminar flow regime, more fibres orient to the flow direction as the Reynolds number increases. The shear rate of fluid around a fibre plays an important role in determining the orientation distribution of fibres, while the fibre density and the fibre aspect-ratio have marginal influence on the orientation distribution. In the turbulent regime, the orientation distribution of fibres becomes more homogeneous with the increase of Reynolds number, and the concentration profile is flatter than that in the laminar regime. The fluctuating intensity of fibre velocity in the downstream direction is larger than that in the lateral directions.     

Structure,Chemical State and Luminescent Properties of Ce,Gd:YAG Transparent Ceramic for Flip-chip White LED Application

Ce,Gd:YAG transparent ceramic was prepared by tape casting and solid state reaction method. Meanwhile, its crystal structure, chemical state and luminous properties were discussed. The prepared samples are identified as pure garnet structure by the XRD results. The valence states of tetravalent and trivalent Ce ions were identified distinctly by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A strong broad band yellow emission was found in photoluminescence(PL) spectra. The quantum yield reached 90.2% at room temperature. When collaborated with a 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm flip-chip, a luminous efficiency(LE) as high as 116.5 lm/W with a correlated color temperature(CCT) of 6627 K at a power dissipation of 1.13 W at 350 m A was demonstrated, indicating that Ce,Gd:YAG transparent ceramics had a promising potential for high power white light-emitting diodes.     

用铅离子选择电极研究难溶化合物组分的络合平衡

难溶化合物组分络合平衡的研究是比较困难的,因为溶解度很小,在不产生沉淀的稀溶液中测定其平衡组分的方法必须足够灵敏和准确。截至目前为止,只是对少数这类物质的稳定常数作过测定。在所报导的离子选择电极测定法中电极的校正均采用分析浓度校正曲线,相对于金属离子浓度,配位体为不足量,因此只能测得一级络合物的稳定常数。由于研究络合平衡时所要求测定的正是自由离子浓度,因此本文提出用铅离子缓冲溶液作铅电极的校正曲线测定草酸铅和硫酸铅络合物的稳定常数。该法容许相对于铅离子浓度配位体大     

Research on the motion of particles in the turbulent pipe flow of fiber suspensions

The motion of fibers in turbulent pipe flow was simulated by 3-D integral method based on the slender body theory and simplified model of turbulence. The orientation distribution of fibers in the computational area for different Re numbers was computed. The results which were consistent with the experimental ones show that the fluctuation velocity of turbulence cause fibers to orient randomly. The orientation distributions become broader as the Re number increases. Then the fluctuation velocity and angular velocity of fibers were obtained. Both are affected by the fluctuation velocity of turbulence. The fluctuation velocity intensity of fiber is stronger at longitudinal than at lateral, while it was opposite for the fluctuation angular velocity intensity of fibers. Finally, the spatial distribution of fiber was given. It is obvious that the fiber dispersion is strenghened with the increase of Re numbers.     

圆管纤维悬浮湍流场中粒子运动的研究

利用从细长体理论出发得到的三维分段积分法和湍流简化方法模拟了大量纤维粒子在圆管湍流内的运动．统计了不同Re数下计算区域内的纤维的取向分布,计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,结果表明湍流的脉动速度导致纤维取向趋于无序,且随着Re数的增加,纤维取向的分布越来越趋于均匀．其后又考虑了纤维速度和角速度的脉动,二者都充分体现了流体速度脉动的影响,且纤维速度的脉动在流向上的强度大于横向,而其角速度的脉动在流向上的强度小于横向．最后统计了纤维在管道截面上的位置分布,说明Re数的增加加速了纤维在管道截面上的位置扩散．