基于激光诱导击穿光谱对长白山黑猪肉部位分类

猪肉内部结构成分复杂,各部位的成分相似,分辨较为困难。结合激光诱导击穿光谱技术,通过光谱分析的方式提高分类精度。以5种不同部位的长白山黑猪肉（里脊肉、梅花肉、后腿肉、前腿肉、五花肉）作为待测样品,通过冷藏、切片等预处理方法,探究激光诱导击穿光谱技术鉴别猪肉脂肪与肌肉及其不同部位的可行性。首先通过采集猪肉脂肪样品与肌肉样品的LIBS谱线信息发现,猪肉中Mg,K,Fe,Cu,Ca和Na等元素较为丰富,并在脂肪样品光谱中发现C-N键,与肌肉样品LIBS谱线信息相比,脂肪样品受其内部水分、有机质成分影响致使其谱线信息背景和噪声信号干扰较大,二者谱线信息存在一定差异,说明LIBS可对脂肪组织与肌肉组织进行鉴别。通过对目标元素Ca,Na,Mg,K和Al其LIBS特征谱线强度进行检测,计算Mg/Ca,Al/Ca,Na/Ca和K/Ca比值,发现与Al/Ca和Mg/Ca相比,Na/Ca和K/Ca各部位元素比值分布差异明显,在此基础上,根据Na/Ca和K/Ca比值,计算猪肉各部位元素分布决策阈值[（1-α）=90%]。发现与Al/Ca和Mg/Ca比值相比,Na/Ca和K/Ca更能明显的反应出各部位元素分布的不同。其比值分布阈值基本可对猪肉各部位进行区分。以前腿肉与后腿肉为例,前腿肉Na/Ca和K/Ca比值分别分布在1.29～1.58和0.31～0.42,后腿肉Na/Ca和K/Ca比值分别分布在0.98～1.18和0.15～0.23。其元素比值分布无明显重叠。最后,为提高LIBS技术对猪肉不同组织分类的可靠性,将光谱元素强度比值数据与主成分分析法相结合,基本可以实现对猪肉各部位的分类,说明元素特征谱线强度比值在对猪肉各部位分类时具有一定的预测精度。该工作证明,使用激光诱导击穿光谱技术对猪肉进行分类识别等定性分析时具有一定可行性,有望适用于其他生物组织检测分析。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高盐食品中的微量铅

建立石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高盐食品中微量铅的含量。试样经硝酸消解,恒温加热赶酸后,采用Ag离子小柱洗脱除盐。石墨炉加热程序:干燥150℃,持续30 s;干燥2 140℃,持续20 s;灰化550℃,持续20 s;原子化温度为2 000℃,持续4 s。光电倍增管电压为506 V,灯电流为6 mA,波长为283.3 nm,狭缝宽度为0.4 nm,时间常数为0.1 s,采用塞曼效应背景校正。食品含盐量在20%以内对铅的测定无显著影响。铅的质量浓度在0～30ng/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 8,方法检出限为0.005 mg/kg。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.58%～2.16%(n=7),样品加标回收率为82.40%～107.89%。该方法灵敏度高,结果准确、可靠,适用于高盐食品中微量铅的检测。     

混合价化合物的研究(Ⅱ)─—电化学及现场光谱电化学方法研究非质子介质中Dawson结构杂多阴离子[HAs_2Mo_(18)O_(62)]~(n-)的电还原性质

以电化学和现场紫外－可见－近红外及现场FTIR光谱电化学方法对Dawson结构杂多阴离子［HAS2Mo18O62］5－在非质子介质（CH3CN）中的电还原过程进行了研究．结果表明，该杂多阴离子在非质子介质中经历4步单电子还原反应，所产生的杂多蓝阴离子在近红外区出现宽广的价间电荷转移吸收带，而红外区Mo＝O端键及Mo—O—Mo桥键的特征吸收峰在还原后均有不同程度的红移．     

四(4－N-吡啶基)卟啉衍生物的合成及表征

阳离子卟啉配体;配合物;还原电位;四(4－N-吡啶基)卟啉衍生物的合成及表征     

关于为拔尖人才培养开设的"学科前沿"类课程的探讨

With the implementation of the basic discipline of "Top Talent Training Program" (the "East Ever Project"), more and more new reforms and attempts are being made in various universities. In the process of innovation and exploration, a new curriculum is being implemented, that is, the "the frontier aspects of disciplines" course. Through investigation and research, we found that many colleges and universities in China are carrying out or trying to carry out such courses, and the students who participated have different benefits. This paper mainly discusses the current situation of the development of the frontier courses of many universities in China, and gives suggestions based on the two courses of Tang Aoqing Honors Program in Science of chemistry in Jilin University. This paper provides reference for other colleges and universities to open such courses.     

卟啉-金属氧簇超分子化合物的光谱及电催化氧还原

应用紫外可见吸收光谱研究了meso 四(4 N 苄基吡啶基)卟啉(MTBPyP4＋,M=H2,Zn)阳离子与金属氧簇阴离子(SiW12O4－40)在水溶液中的光谱行为. 光谱演变及Job图表明MTBPyP4＋与SiW12O4－40在水溶液中可形成稳定的1∶1的超分子化合物. 同时本文还考察了化学计量为1∶1的[CoTBPyP][SiW12O40]超分子化合物的电催化分子氧还原行为, 表明该类超分子化合物有望成为一类新的催化氧还原的修饰电极材料.     

A field-effect WSe2/Si heterojunction diode

It is significant to develop a heterogeneous integration technology to promote the application of two-dimensional (2D) materials in silicon roadmap. In this paper, we reported a field-effect WSe₂/Si heterojunction diode based on ambipolar 2D WSe₂ and silicon on insulator (SOI). Our results indicate that the device exhibits a p-n diode behavior with a rectifying ratio of ～ 300 and an ideality factor of 1.37. As a photodetector, it has optoelectronic properties with a response time of 0.13 ms, responsivity of 0.045 A/W, detectivity of 4.5×10¹⁰ Jones and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.9 %. Due to the ambipolar behavior of the WSe₂, the rectifying and optoelectronic properties of the heterojunction diode can be modulated by the gate electrical field, enabling various potential applications such as logic optoelectronic devices and neuromorphic optoelectronic devices for in-sensor computing circuits. Thanks to the process based on the mature SOI technique, our field-effect heterojunction diode should have obvious advantages in device isolation and integration.     

光谱烧孔材料苯并卟啉锌配合物的电化学及现场光谱电…

在ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２，ＴＨＦ及ＤＭＳＯ中研究了系列光谱烧孔材料苯并卟啉锌配合物的电化学及光谱电化学特性，给出不同结构的苯并卟啉锌配合物的氧化还原电位及相应氧化还原态的光谱，结合光谱数据和氧化原电位数值估算了与光化学光谱烧孔过程密切相关的激发态氧化还原电位。     

A density functional theory structures,stabilities, and study on size-dependent electronic properties of bimetallic MnAgm （M=Na,Li; n ＋ m ≤ 7） clusters

The equilibrium geometries, relative stabilities, and electronic properties of MnAgm（M=Na, Li; n ＋ m ≤ 7） as well as pure Agn, Nan, Lin （n ≤ 7） clusters are systematically investigated by means of the density functional theory. The optimized geometries reveal that for 2 ≤ n ≤ 7, there are significant similarities in geometry among pure Agn, Nan, and Lin clusters, and the transitions from planar to three-dimensional configurations occur at n = 7, 7, and 6, respectively. In contrast, the first three-dimensional （3D） structures are observed at n ＋ m = 5 for both NanAgm and LinAgm clusters. When n ＋ m ≥5, a striking feature is that the trigonal bipyramid becomes the main subunit of LinAgm. Furthermore, dramatic odd-even alternative behaviours are obtained in the fragmentation energies, secondorder difference energies, highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps, and chemical hardness for both pure and doped clusters. The analytic results exhibit that clusters with an even electronic configuration （2, 4, 6） possess the weakest chemical reactivity and more enhanced stability.     

含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物的电化学及光谱电化学行为(Ⅰ)

在DMF及DMSO中用循环伏安法、现场紫外可见光谱电化学方法及现场FT-IR光谱电化学方法研究了含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物[四(对-硝基苯基)卟啉合钴(Ⅱ)]的氧化还原性质。指出该化合物的第一步氧化或第一步还原为中心金属钴失去或得到1个电子;第二步还原为卟啉环meso位的4个对硝基苯基上的硝基在同一电位下各得1个电子,形成相应的阴离子自由基;第三步还原为卟啉环得到1个电子,但该步反应不可逆。同时发现硝基与卟啉环及中心金属钴之间存在分子内电子相互作用,而4个硝基取代基之间未发现分子内电子相互作用。