微波加热在高岭石表面制备ZnO纳米微晶及其机理分析

报道了一种新的制备纳米氧化锌的方法, 即在微波辐射条件下, 将熔融态聚乙二醇(PEG)直接插入到高岭石层间, 继续延长辐射时间使高岭石发生剥片. 以剥片的高岭石片晶为模板, 经微波加热水解, 在其表面合成了簇状纳米氧化锌晶须.     

氮胁迫下水稻的激光诱导荧光光谱特性

为了指导水稻的田间施肥,解决因过量施肥造成资源的大量浪费以及环境污染,特别是水体富营养化等问题,搭建了基于紫外激光诱导荧光技术的荧光光谱探测系统,以研究水稻叶片的氮水平与荧光强度的相关性。文中先用植物营养测定仪(TYS-3N)测定水稻叶片氮含量和叶绿素含量（样本为水稻分蘖期的倒二叶,采集于中国江汉平原地区）,再用搭建的测量系统采集了不同氮水平的荧光光谱。获得了不同氮水平下水稻叶片的荧光光谱数据库,分析了荧光光谱参数F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅（为峰值740,685 nm处的荧光强度比）与氮水平的相关性,发现氮含量的变化对水稻叶片荧光光谱特性影响明显。通过该实验验证了荧光参数的峰值比F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅与氮含量呈明显的线性正相关,相关系数（r）为0.871 8,均方根误差（RMSE）为0.076 82。实验表明采用激光诱导荧光光谱探测技术具有快速无损等优点,且有一定潜力用于定量测量植被营养元素的含量,为采用荧光技术对农作物施氮管理提供了支持。     

PEG在微波诱导下对高岭石插层及剥片的研究

利用微波能量，快速制备了高岭石/DMSO插层复合物，并以其为前驱体，在熔融状态，微波诱导聚乙二醇(PEG)置换出高岭石层间的DMSO，微波继续协同PEG作用，可以实现其对高岭石的剥片。同时提出了微波作用机理和微波条件下插层物对高岭石的剥片机理。采用X-射线衍射、FTIR光谱、TG-DTA、TEM等技术对插层复合物进行了表征。     

Increasing the rewriting e-paper by selecting speed of optical rewritable proper liquid crystals

The effect of interaction between liquid crystal （LC） and photoalignment material on the speed of optical rewriting process is investigated. The theoretical analysis shows that a smaller frank elastic constant K22 of liquid crystal corresponds to a larger twist angle, which gives rise to a larger rewriting speed. Six different LC cells with the same boundary conditions （one substrate is covered with rubbed polyimide （PI） and the other with photo sensitive rewritable sulfuric dye I（SD1）） are tested experimentally under the same illumination intensity （450 nm, 80 mW/cm2）. The results demonstrate that with a suitable liquid crystal, the LC optical rewriting speed for e-paper application can be obviously improved. For two well known LC materials E7 （K22 is larger） and 5CB （K22 is smaller）, they require 11 s and 6 s corresponding to change alignment direction for generating image information.     

Increasing the rewriting speed of optical rewritable e-paper by selecting proper liquid crystals

The effect of interaction between liquid crystal(LC) and photoalignment material on the speed of optical rewriting process is investigated.The theoretical analysis shows that a smaller frank elastic constant K 22 of liquid crystal corresponds to a larger twist angle,which gives rise to a larger rewriting speed.Six different LC cells with the same boundary conditions(one substrate is covered with rubbed polyimide(PI) and the other with photo sensitive rewritable sulfuric dye 1(SD1)) are tested experimentally under the same illumination intensity(450 nm,80 mW/cm 2).The results demonstrate that with a suitable liquid crystal,the LC optical rewriting speed for e-paper application can be obviously improved.For two well known LC materials E7(K22 is larger) and 5CB(K22 is smaller),they require 11 s and 6 s corresponding to change alignment direction for generating image information.     

水稻叶绿素浓度对荧光光谱的影响

为了加强对水稻生长状况的监测,指导水稻的田间施肥,提高施肥利用效率,以增加农作物产量、提高粮食品质,实验室搭建了基于激光诱导荧光技术的荧光探测系统,以研究水稻叶片的叶绿素含量与荧光峰值比之间的相关性。文中测量样本为水稻分蘖期和拔节期的倒二叶,栽培地区位于中国江汉平原。文中先采用凯氏定氮法和相应公式结合测得水稻叶片的叶绿素含量(mg·g-1),再用搭建的荧光探测系统采集了水稻叶片不同叶绿素含量的荧光光谱(激发波长为355 nm)。获得了水稻叶片在不同叶绿素含量下的荧光光谱数据库,定量分析了荧光峰值比F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅(荧光谱峰740 nm、685 nm处的荧光强度比)与叶绿素含量的相关性,发现叶绿素含量的变化对荧光光谱特性影响明显。由实验数据分析可知荧光参数中的峰值比(F₇₄₀/F₆₈₅)与叶绿素含量呈现很好的线性正相关,相关系数(R2)在水稻的分蘖期和拔节期分别达到了0.901 3和0.912 5。实验分析结果表明诱导荧光光谱技术具有方便、快捷、无损等优点,在农作物生长状况的遥感定量监测等方面也具有一定发展潜力。     

Micro-patterned liquid crystal Pancharatnam-Berry axilens

A liquid crystal Pancharatnam–Berry(PB) axilens is proposed and fabricated via a digital micro-mirrordevice-based photo-patterning system. The polarization-dependent device behaves as an axilens for a lefthanded circularly polarized incident beam, for which an optical ring is focused with a long focal depth in the transverse direction at the output, and an anti-axilens for a right-handed circularly polarized incident beam,for which an optical ring gradually expands at the output. The modification of the size and the sharpness of the diffracted ring beam is demonstrated by encoding a positive(negative) PB lens term into the director expression of a PB(anti-)axicon.     

Increasing rewriting speed of optical rewritable e-paper by selecting proper liquid crystals

Effect of interaction between liquid crystal (LC) and photoalignment material on speed of optical rewriting process is investigated. The theoretical analysis shows that smaller frank elastic constant K₂₂ of liquid crystal corresponds to larger twist angle, which gives rise to larger rewriting speed. Six different LC cells with the same boundary conditions (one substrate is covered with rubbed polyimide (PI) and other with photo sensitive rewritable sulfuric dye 1(SD1)) are tested experimentally under the same illumination intensity (450 nm, 80 mW/cm²). The results demonstrate that with suitable liquid crystal, LC optical rewriting speed for e-paper application can be obviously improved. For two well known LC materials E7 (K₂₂ is larger) and 5CB (K₂₂ is smaller), they require 11 s and 6 s corresponding to change alignment direction for generating image information.     

静钻根植排水桩承载特性数值分析

静钻根植排水桩是一种新型技术,其承载特性有必要开展深入研究.本文结合数值模拟,开展静钻根植排水桩有限元分析.首先对静钻根植排水桩模型进行模拟,并将试验模拟结果与实测结果进行比较,由此检验数值模型的可靠性.然后在此基础上,围绕工程实际进行建模,研究排水桩的承载特性,重点分析真空负压抽排水时间对桩基承载性能的影响.研究成果可为静钻根植排水桩的研发推广提供参考.