纳米碳酸钙微观特征及其促进燃煤脱硫特性研究

为了研究纳米碳酸钙和纳米添加剂在促进燃煤脱硫中的特性,在ZCS-1智能测硫仪中进行纳米碳酸钙脱硫实验研究。结果表明,在炉温900℃、钙硫比为2的条件下,脱硫效率高达90%;1 150℃时达到50%以上。三种纳米碳酸钙的脱硫效果明显好于普通碳酸钙。研究还表明,粒径越小,脱硫效果越好;不同煤种对脱硫效率有较大影响,主要和煤中硫分的含量和硫的分布形态有关;温度是决定脱硫效果的主要因素,900℃下效果最好,超过1 100℃后效果明显下降。SEM和BET分析结果表明,纳米碳酸钙促进脱硫主要是由于其较为丰富的孔隙结构。添加纳米Al2O3和纳米ZnO都能在一定程度上促进纳米碳酸钙脱硫。其中,纳米Al2O3的效果较好,1 150℃能使脱硫效率提高20%左右,达到62%以上。     

钻石中的量子达尔文主义

钻石的一些自旋揭示了物理学中一个最持久的谜团:经典物理是如何从隐晦且概率化的量子世界中演变出来的。最近当德国和美国的物理学家利用钻石上的氮空位(NV)中心证明了量子达尔文主义之后,这一论证浮出了水面,即只有"最适应"的系统状态才能在从量子世界到经典世界的过渡中"生存"与"繁衍"。     

多普勒振镜正弦调制多光束激光外差二次谐波测量微冲量

提出了一种正弦调制多光束激光外差二次谐波测量微冲量的新方法,将激光与工质靶作用产生的微冲量转化为扭摆的转动角度测量,基于激光外差技术和多普勒效应,把待测转角信息加载到外差信号的频率差中,经信号解调后可以得到待测转角值,通过多次测量取平均值的方法可以提高待测转角的测量精度,从而提高微冲量的测量精度。利用这种新方法,以PVC+2%C为工质靶,利用MATLAB仿真测量了激光与工质靶作用产生的微冲量,结果表明:该测量的最大相对误差小于0.8%。     

Processing for laser radar range images

Imaging laser radar can give intensity and range images,which provide integrated 3-dimensional (3D) information about objects.However, dropouts and range anomalies exacerbate range images, which makes their background cluttered and target blurred.For background suppression,a new algorithm that combines intensity image and its mean is presented.By using this algorithm to process actual laser radar range images, most background noises are suppressed.According to range anomalies characteristics,multitemplate selection order mean filtering algorithm is presented and used for actual ladar range images where the distance between two targets is 77 m. This algorithm obtains the clear range image in which the interval of two objects is 75 m.The result shows that the processing algorithm is correct and effective.     

Processing for laser radar range images

Imaging laser radar can give intensity and range images, which provide integrated 3-dimensional (3D)information about objects. However, dropouts and range anomalies exacerbate range images, which makes their background cluttered and target blurred. For background suppression, a new algorithm that combines intensity image and its mean is presented. By using this algorithm to process actual laser radar range images, most background noises are suppressed. According to range anomalies characteristics, multitemplate selection order mean filtering algorithm is presented and used for actual ladar range images where the distance between two targets is 77 m. This algorithm obtains the clear range image in which the interval of two objects is 75 m. The result shows that the processing algorithm is correct and effective.     

An edge detection algorithm for imaging ladar

In this paper, the morphological filter based on parametric edge detection is presented and applied to imaging ladar image with speckle noise. This algorithm and Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) operator are compared on edge detection. The experimental results indicate the superior performance of this kind of the edge detection.     

同轴圆柱形磁绝缘传输线前沿损失与工作电压关系

在磁绝缘传输线层流模型基础上,基于极限电流近似,推导获得了同轴圆柱形磁绝缘传输线在自磁限制绝缘时,前沿损失电子电流、功率的解析解．通过粒子模拟,获得了磁绝缘传输线在源阻抗不变的条件下,不同电压条件下的损失电子电流、损失功率．对比分析了模拟结果与极限电流近似下和最小电流近似下的理论结果．结果表明：损失电子电流与损失功率比例随电压增大而减小;电压高于4MV时,极限电流近似更符合模拟结果,电压大于10MV时,极限电流近似与模拟结果的相对误差从最小电流近似的50％以上减小到10％以下．对于建立磁绝缘传输线系统中,高压电脉冲从真空传输、磁绝缘传输线上传输到工作负载的全电路模拟具有一定的指导意义．     

Correlation recognition for range image of laser radar

The target recognition of laser radar becomes hot research in recent years, because laser radar can produce high space resolution and collect rich target information, such as range image, intensity image and Doppler image. In the vertical detection of laser radar, the problem of in-plane target rotation invariance is firstly solved. In the paper, a new support vector machine (SVM) correlation filter is presented, which simultaneously has the attractive attributes of SVM and common correlation filter. Exploiting the idea of margin of separation maximization, the design criterion is produced. The filter is synthetic by the multiple training images which are generated by rotating one image. The real range images of laser radar are used to finish the correlation experiments. The results show that the filter is not sensitive to the noise, the correlation peak is changed slightly for the different testing images, and the precision of location is high. This design way can be used in other recognition fields.     

LTD用磁芯材料磁化特性实验研究

 通过比较测量磁化特性的几种方法，采用脉冲电容器快速放电方法，获取了ns级上升前沿的快脉冲，对高频响应比较好、适合于直线型脉冲变压器(LTD)的非晶态合金、硅钢带磁芯进行了快脉冲磁化特性实验。通过测试磁芯在快脉冲下初级电流和开路次级电压，获得了磁芯的磁滞回线；测出了它们在不同的磁感应强度随时间的变化率(dB/dt)时的相对磁导率。试验表明两种磁芯样品的相对磁导率随着dB/dt增大而减小，非晶态合金2605SA1样品磁环在dB/dt大于20 T/ms时，相对磁导率小于1 000，硅钢薄带磁芯在dB/dt大于4 T/ms时，相对磁导率小于1 000。     

Spin-image surface matching based target recognition in laser radar range imagery

We explore the problem of in-plane rotation-invariance existing in the vertical detection of laser radar (Ladar) using the algorithm of spin-image surface matching. The method used to recognize the target in the range imagery of Ladar is time-consuming, owing to its complicated procedure, which violates the requirement of real-time target recognition in practical applications. To simplify the troublesome procedures, we improve the spin-image algorithm by introducing a statistical correlated coefficient into target recognition in range imagery of Ladar. The system performance is demonstrated on sixteen simulated noise range images with targets rotated through an arbitrary angle in plane. A high efficiency and an acceptable recognition rate obtained herein testify the validity of the improved algorithm for practical applications. The proposed algorithm not only solves the problem of in-plane rotation-invariance rationally, but also meets the real-time requirement. This paper ends with a comparison of the proposed method and the previous one.