YBa_(2-x)Pr_xCu_3O_(7-δ)体系中的Pr替代效应

报道了YBa_(2-x)Pr_xCu_3O_(7-δ)(0≤x≤0.15)体系的超导电性和正常态输运性质的测量。实验结果表明随着Pr在Ba晶位替代量的增加,超导转变临界温度T_c和由Hall系数推算的荷电载流子浓度P_H均单调下降。通过与Y_(2-x)Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)和Nd_(1 x)Ba_(2-x)Cu_3O_(7-δ)体系的比较研究,作者发现上述三个体系的T_c变化均与载流子浓度的变化相关联。作者进而提出,在YBa_(2-x)Pr_xCu_3O_(7-δ)体系中Pr的空穴填充效应导致可迁移空穴浓度下降,从而压制T_c;而在Y_(2-x)Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)体系中载流子浓度的下降则是主要来源于Pr替代对空穴的局域作用,T_c同样被压制。Pr的拆对效应不明显。     

电容器工作时的热效应

用热力学第一定律给出电容器在工作时产生的热效应。     

电容器工作时的热效应

本文用热力学第一定律给出电容器在工作时产生的热效应。     

用迈克耳孙干涉仪测量磁致伸缩系数

借助迈克耳孙干涉仪可以精密测量长度变化这一条件，对铁磁物质的磁致伸缩系数进行测量。     

银镜法制备具有表面增强红外活性Ag纳米粒子的探讨

利用银镜法在玻璃基底上沉积金属银制得表面增强红外材料,扫描电镜显示,沉积在基片上的银为球状颗粒,且平均直径在100nm左右,银纳米粒子形成一个个不相连的金属岛。以邻硝基苯胺为探针分子,用衰减全反射法(ATR)考察了邻硝基苯胺在银镜基底上的表面增强红外光谱。结果表明:邻硝基苯胺的最小检出质量约为40ng,增强因子约为70。制备银膜的最佳条件为:A gNO3质量分数为1%,反应温度为60℃,且加入表面活性剂可使银纳米粒子分散均匀。     

稀土催化辛烯—1齐聚物的合成

采用膦酸钕-三乙基铝络合体系在四氯化碳溶剂中聚合辛烯-1获得成功,并描述了体系的聚合反应特征。所得辛烯-1齐聚物M_n～10~3,分子量分布指数≈2,并且分子链中含有双键。采用高锰酸钾在酸性溶液中的直接氧化法将分子键中的双键氧化成羧基,并与聚乙二醇发生酯缩聚反应。     

COPOLYMERIZATION OF 1-OCTENE WITH STYRENE BY RARE EARTH COORDINATION CATALYSTS

The copolymerization of l-octene with styrene catalyzed by rare earth coordination catalysts has been studied for the first time. Some features and kinetic behavior are described. The overall activation energy of the copolymerization was 22.2 KJ/mol and the copolymerization rate could be expressed as R_p=K_p [Nd] [M]~2. (=1.68×10~(-3) L~2/mol~2. S, 50℃, [Oct]/[St]=1). The catalytic activity of various rare earth elements in Ln (naph)_3 for the copolymerization was compared and shows the following sequence: Dy, Y, Yb>Ho>Sm, Gd, Nd>Pr>Ce>La>Tm. Both monomers of l-octene and styrene in the copolymerization by Nd (naph)_3-AlEt_3 have the tendency of constant proportion copolymerization. The structure of the copolymers was studied by ~1H-NMR.     

Y1-xPrxBa2Cu3O7-δ体系中的离子价键特性与超导电性

基于中子散射实验结果,应用键价计算方法研究了Y_1-xPr_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)体系中离子的价键特性。对Cu(1),Cu(2)及Y(Pr)的键价和计算结果表明,Cu(2)的键价和与超导临界温度(T_c)之间存在着强烈的关朕。在氧含量基本保持不变的情况下,随Pr含量的增加,体系中电荷分布发生改变,Cu(1),Cu(2)的键价和下降,Y(Pr)的键价 关键词：     

POSITRON LIFETIME STUDIES OF Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-δ AND Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3-xFexO7-δ

In this paper it is reported that the measurement of the bulk positron lifetime as a function of substitution content x in the temperature range from 70 to 220K was performed in two high-T_c superconducting systems, Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu_3-xFe_xO_7-δ and Y_1-xCa_xBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ. It was found that τ_B of both systems decreases significantly with x and the temperature dependence of τ_B is very weak in normal state. In lower temperature region (Tc), a dramatic x-dependent temperature variation of τ_B was observed in the Ca-substituted system: from a decrease of τ_B with decreasing T to an increase of τ_B. With increasing x, the temperature dependence of τ_B remains weak in the Ca- and Fe- substituted systems. Compared with the experimental data of positron lifetime in other substituted systems and the calculation of the positron density distribution, the authors suggest that positron bulk lifetime spectra behaviour can be interpreted by the physical model based on the transfer of electron density between the CuO₂ planes and Cu-O chains. Therefore, the study of positron lifetime spectra provides a useful means to detect the local charge density and to study the correlation between the electronic structure and the high-T_c superconductivity.     

Cd对CaLaBaCu3Oy体系超导电性的淬灭作用

研究了Cd替代Ca对CaLaBaCu_5O_7体系超导电性的影响.电阻率测量结果表明,T_c随Cd含量x的增加单调下降,同时正常态电阻率随x增加而上升.在x=0-1范围内,体系经历超导-类半导体-绝缘体转变.Hall测量结果表明,CuO_2面内迁移空穴浓度p_(ab)随Cd含量增加而单调下降,这与Tc的变化相对应.样品的热重测量结果表明,氧含量对Ca_(1-2)Cd_5LaBaCu_5O_7,体系的正常态和超导态性质产生很大影响.Cd替代Ca导致Cu-O链上的氧空缺.随着Cd含量的增加,氧含量单调下降.C 关键词：