基于NiCo2O4纳米片电极的非对称混合电容器

The looming global energy crisis and ever-increasing energy demands have catalyzed the development of renewable energy storage systems. In this regard, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their advantageous attributes such as high power density, excellent cycle stability, and environmental friendliness. However, SCs exhibit low energy density and it is important to optimize electrode materials to improve the overall performance of these devices. Among the various electrode materials available, spinel nickel cobaltate (NiCo₂O₄) is particularly interesting because of its excellent theoretical capacitance. Based on the understanding that the performances of the electrode materials strongly depend on their morphologies and structures, in this study, we successfully synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets on Ni foam via a simple hydrothermal route followed by calcination. The structures and morphologies of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and the results showed that they were uniformly distributed on the Ni foam support. The surface chemical states of the elements in the samples were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ products were then tested as cathode materials for supercapacitors in a traditional three-electrode system. The electrochemical performances of the NiCo₂O₄ electrode materials were studied and the area capacitance was found to be 1.26 C·cm^-2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm^-2. Furthermore, outstanding cycling stability with 97.6% retention of the initial discharge capacitance after 10000 cycles and excellent rate performance (67.5% capacitance retention with the current density from 1 to 14 mA·cm^-2) were achieved. It was found that the Ni foam supporting the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets increased the conductivity of the electrode materials. However, it is worth noting that the contribution of nickel foam to the areal capacitance of the electrode materials was almost zero during the charge and discharge processes. To further investigate the practical application of the as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets-based electrode, a device was assembled with the as-prepared samples as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled supercapacitor showed energy densities of 0.14 and 0.09 Wh·cm^-3 at 1.56 and 4.5 W·cm^-3, respectively. Furthermore, it was able to maintain 95% of its initial specific capacitance after 10000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets could be ascribed to their unique spatial structure composed of interconnected ultrathin nanosheets, which facilitated electron transportation and ion penetration, suggesting their potential applications as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors. The present synthetic route can be extended to other ternary transition metal oxides/sulfides for future energy storage devices and systems.     

参数广义弱向量拟平衡问题解映射的H-连续性刻画

研究了Hausdorff拓扑向量空间中的一类参数广义弱向量拟平衡问题(PGWVQEP)的稳定性.首先，给出了此问题的参数间隙函数，研究了参数间隙函数的连续性.然后, 提出了一个与参数间隙函数相关的关键假设，讨论了它的连续性，并给出关键假设的等价刻画.最后， 借助于假设，获得了PGWVQEP解映射Hausdorff半连续的充分必要条件.并举例验证了所得结果.     

Ostrowski-Taussky不等式的推广

行列式的概念是矩阵分析中的一个很基本的概念,其中一个非常重要的应用就是解线性方程组.由于行列式的概念是和矩阵特征值紧密相关的,研究行列式的一些性质可以从侧面反映出该矩阵特征值的一些性质.Ostrowski-Taussky不等式是一个关于行列式的不等式,利用矩阵极分解的概念,给出了不等式的一个新的证明,并且推广了不等式.     

冷冻法硝酸磷肥工艺中酸不溶物提纯研究

采用酸浸、磁选酸浸、水淬/研磨酸浸等不同工艺对冷冻法硝酸磷肥生产工艺中的废渣-酸不溶物进行了提纯处理,利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF测试)对酸不溶物提纯前后各成分含量的变化进行了分析,从中得出了不同工艺流程对酸不溶物纯度的影响,最终确定了最佳的酸不溶物处理工艺.结果表明:在酸浸实验中,盐酸酸浸效果最佳,可将酸不溶物中SiO2纯度达到82.43;;在酸浸工艺前加入磁选、水淬、研磨的工序均可有效提升酸不溶物的提纯效果;冷冻法硝酸磷肥工艺中酸不溶物最佳的提纯工艺路线为:干燥、筛分、水洗、磁选、研磨、盐酸酸浸,处理后酸不溶物中SiO2纯度达到88.92;,符合微硅粉的生产要求.     

光学诊断专题序言

光学诊断技术主要是以激光技术、光谱技术、光电探测技术、数据图像处理技术等为基础的一种综合性测试诊断技术可以实现复杂流场温度、组分浓度、速度、流场结构等参量信息的高时空分辨精确测量而且对测量流场无扰动.近年来光学诊断技术已开始从实验室基础研究走向于各类风洞、发动机等重要设备的工程应用这对于深入研究高超声速流动和燃烧化学反应动力学过程如高焓非平衡流动、高超声速边界层转捩、超声速燃烧动力学、汽车/飞机/火箭/卫星等发动机燃烧不稳定性和污染控制等具有重要意义.     

依从者平均因果效应的统计推断

本文主要研究临床试验中出现不依从现象时依从子总体的平均因果效应的统计推断。考虑在实际服药状态是二值变量且有相关性,治疗响应变量连续取值的情形,同时考虑协变量对治疗效果有影响的情况下,给出了治疗效果参数的可识别性及近似条件极大似然估计,且构造了记分检验统计量。对特殊模型进行了模拟,结果表明与理论预期一致。