透明导电氧化物CuScO2的密度泛函理论研究

本文利用基于第一性原理的广义梯度近似方法分析研究透明导电氧化物CuScO2能带结构、态密度和杂质能级．计算结果表明,CuScO2的价带区主要由Cu的3d态和O的2p态构成,而导带区主要由Sc的3d态组成．在进行＋U修正之后,随着U参量的增加,CuScO2的导带区发生分裂导致导带扩大,带隙也随之扩大,表明＋U计算能较好地改进CuSc02带隙值;本文还比较分析了各种掺杂元素在CuSc02的杂质能级,发现Mg原子替位掺杂Sc能有效改善CuScO2的P型导电性能．     

Defect properties of CuCrO2: A density functional theory calculation

Using the first-principles methods,we study the formation energetics properties of intrinsic defects,and the charge doping properties of extrinsic defects in transparent conducting oxides CuCrO2.Intrinsic defects,some typical acceptortype,and donor-type extrinsic defects in their relevant charge state are considered.By systematically calculating the formation energies and transition energy,the results of calculation show that,V Cu,O i,and O Cu are the relevant intrinsic defects in CuCrO2 ;among these intrinsic defects,V Cu is the most efficient acceptor in CuCrO2.It is found that all the donor-type extrinsic defects have difficulty in inducing n-conductivity in CuCrO2 because of their deep transition energy level.For all the acceptor-type extrinsic defects,substituting Mg for Cr is the most prominent doping acceptor with relative shallow transition energy levels in CuCrO2.Our calculation results are expected to be a guide for preparing promising n-type and p-type materials in CuCrO2.     

1,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-氨基葡萄糖的合成

分别用对甲氧基苯甲醛和苯甲醛保护D-氨基葡萄糖的氨基，再将羟基用乙酰基保护，以氯化氢脱去氨基上的保护基团，最后脱去氯化氢得到1，3，4，6-四-0-乙酰基-β-D-氨基葡萄糖。两种方法的总产率分别为59％和61％。道关键中间体3b未见报，其结构经^1H NMR表征。     

由藜芦醛合成娃儿藤碱

以藜芦醛(1)、3,4-二甲氧基苯乙酸(2)、(S)-L-脯氨酸(6)等为原料,经8步反应,合成了一种抗肿瘤活性(s)-( )-娃儿藤碱。先由化合物1和2在乙酸酐/三乙胺催化下反应得到3,4-二甲氧基一反式-α-(3′, 4′-二甲氧基苯基)．肉桂酸(3),在0℃、三氟乙酸存在下用VOF_3对其关环成2,3,6,7-四甲氧基-9-羧基菲(4),然后用喹啉作介质,在230℃、无水CuSO_4催化下脱去羧基,得到2,3,6,7-四甲氧基菲(5),再和(S)-N- (三氟乙酰)-L-脯氨酰氯(6b)傅-克反应得到(S)-N-(三氟乙酰基)-2,3,6,7-四甲氧基-9-L-脯氨酰基菲(7),并对产物进行了柱纯化,所得产物在三氟化硼乙醚存在下用三乙基硅烷还原羰基,然后脱去三氟乙酰保护基,最后在盐酸存在下用甲醛闭环得到目标产物(10)。用NMR和MS表征了中间体和目标产物的结构。该合成反应条件温和,总收率为3．5％,产品纯度98．5％(HPLC)。     

新型碳苷糖类维生素D_2衍生物的合成

以D-葡萄糖为原料,经碳苷化反应,酰化反应和脯氨酸-DIPEA催化的aldol反应制得2个碳苷糖[1-(4'-羟基苯基)-4-C-β-四乙酰基葡萄糖基-3-烯-2-酮(5a)和1-(3-羟基苯基)-4-C-β-四乙酰基葡萄糖基-3-烯-2-酮(5b)];5与琥珀酸维生素D2经Steglich酯化反应合成了2个新型碳苷糖类维生素D2衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。     

制备2，2′，4，4′-联苯四甲酸的新方法

氨基甲基苯甲酸;联苯四甲酸;合成;偶联;重氮盐     

由D-果糖合成新型β-氨基醇

以D-果糖为原料,经羟基保护、选择性脱保护、酯化、叠氮取代、叠氮还原为氨基反应合成了两种新型β-氨基醇,产物结构经13CNMR、1HNMR和MS确证。     

稀有酮糖中间体的合成

以全苄基保护的糖酸内酯为原料,通过正丁基锂/二碘甲烷生成的碘甲基锂试剂对底物羰基加成增长碳链,再在碱性环境中水解合成了5个稀有酮糖中间体,其结构经NMR确认。     

Atomic and electronic structures of montmorillonite in soft rock

Montmorillonite is a kind of clay mineral which often causes large deformation in soft-rock tunnel engineering and thus brings about safety problems in practice. To deal with these engineering safety problems, the physical and chemical properties of montmorillonite should be studied from basic viewpoints. We study the atomic and electronic structures of montmorillonite by using density-functional theory within the local-density approximation (LDA). The results of calculation show that Al--O bond lengths are longer than Si--O bond lengths. It is found that both the valence band maximum (VBM) and the conduction band minimum (CBM) of montmorillonite are at point Γ, and the calculated direct band gap of montmorillonite is 5.35~eV. We show that the chemical bonding between cations and oxygen anions in montmorillonite is mainly ionic, accompanied as well by a minor covalent component. It is pointed out that the VBM and CBM of montmorillonite consist of oxygen 2p and cation s states, respectively. Our calculated results help to understand the chemical and physical properties of montmorillonite, and are expected to be a guide for solving the problem of large deformation of soft-rock tunnels.     

Possible Odderon exchange in pp and ■p elastic collisions at the TOTEM experiment

Based on the Froissart-Martin theorem,the Regge theory and the possible Odderon exchange,the total cross-sectionσtot and the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward scattering amplitude p in the pp and pp elastic collisions in the TOTEM energy region are studied in the FPO model.We consider the contributions of the Froissart bound and of the Pomeron,Reggeon and Odderon exchange terms in the scattering amplitude of the pp and pp elastic collisions.Using the Odderon interceptαo(0)=0.5,our theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the recent results of the TOTEM experiment.These results show that the Odderon,corresponding to the odd elastic scattering amplitude,is likely to exist.