Defect properties of CuCrO₂:A density functional theory calculation

Using the first-principles methods,we study the formation energetics properties of intrinsic defects,and the charge doping properties of extrinsic defects in transparent conducting oxides CuCrO2.Intrinsic defects,some typical acceptortype,and donor-type extrinsic defects in their relevant charge state are considered.By systematically calculating the formation energies and transition energy,the results of calculation show that,V Cu,O i,and O Cu are the relevant intrinsic defects in CuCrO2 ;among these intrinsic defects,V Cu is the most efficient acceptor in CuCrO2.It is found that all the donor-type extrinsic defects have difficulty in inducing n-conductivity in CuCrO2 because of their deep transition energy level.For all the acceptor-type extrinsic defects,substituting Mg for Cr is the most prominent doping acceptor with relative shallow transition energy levels in CuCrO2.Our calculation results are expected to be a guide for preparing promising n-type and p-type materials in CuCrO2.     

钼酸催化简便合成D－葡萄庚酮糖

本文首次报道了在三氧化钼水溶液体系下催化碳链重排合成D-葡萄庚酮糖的简便方法。首先以D-甘露糖为原料在碘催化下进行异丙叉保护,产率90％;接着在碱催化下与甲醛水溶液亲核加成反应,在C-2上引入羟甲基侧链,产率40％;然后在酸性条件下异丙叉脱保护,产率92％;最后在三氧化钼水溶液催化下碳链重排合成葡萄庚酮糖,产率56％（总产率18％）。另外对2-C-羟甲基-D-甘露糖和葡萄庚酮糖的乙酰化产物进行了核磁氢谱表征。该方法原料易得,缩短了反应步骤,避免了昂贵金属试剂的使用,有较好的应用前景。     

新型1′-碘代炔丙基糖苷类化合物的合成及其抗菌活性

以四种单糖(D-葡萄糖、D-半乳糖、D-甘露糖和D-核糖)为原料,先在酸催化下与炔丙醇完成糖苷化反应(产率60%～80%);然后在碱催化下碘代合成了四个新型1′-碘代炔丙基糖苷类化合物(3a～3d,产率75%～90%),其结构经1H NMR表征.初步生物活性测试结果表明,3对引起农作物疾病的几种真菌均有抑制活性.     

制备2，2′，4，4′-联苯四甲酸的新方法

氨基甲基苯甲酸;联苯四甲酸;合成;偶联;重氮盐     

First-principles study of atomic and electronic structures of kaolinite in soft rock

Kaolinite is a kind of clay mineral which often causes large deformations in soft-rock tunnel engineering and thus causes safety issues.To deal with these engineering safety issues,the physical/chemical properties of the kaolinite should be studied from basic viewpoints.By using the density-functional theory,in this paper,the atomic and the electronic structures of the kaolinite are studied within the local-density approximation(LDA).It is found that the kaolinite has a large indirect band gap with the conduction band minimum(CBM) and the valence band maximum(VBM) being at the Γ and the B points,respectively.The chemical bonding between the cation and the oxygen anion in kaolinite is mainly ionic,accompanied by a minor covalent component.It is pointed that the VBM and the CBM of kaolinite consist of oxygen 2p and cation s states,respectively.The bond lengths between different cations and anions,as well as of the different OH groups,are also compared.     

一种合成脱水糖醇的新方法

以四苄基糖(或2,3:5,6-二异丙叉基-D-甘露糖)为起始原料,经过NaBH4或LiAlH4还原、单对甲苯磺酰化、分子内环醚化反应、脱保护等步骤合成了四个脱水糖醇,总产率55%～75%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,HSQC和NOESY表征.     

维生素D_2-A和CD片段醇的合成工艺改进

以维生素D_2(V-D_2)为原料,经高锰酸钾氧化、选择性切断和还原反应同时合成了维生素D_2-A(总产率30%)和CD片段醇(总产率45%),其结构经~1H NMR确证。     

La-Ce共掺杂锐钛矿TiO2的缺陷形成能和电子结构分析

采用基于密度泛函的第一性原理研究了稀土元素La、Ce共掺杂锐钛矿相TiO₂的缺陷形成能,缺陷电荷转变能级以及电子结构.研究发现,富氧状态下La、Ce掺杂以及La-Ce共掺的缺陷形成能均为负值,而贫氧状态下La、Ce掺杂形成能为正,表明La、Ce的掺杂TiO₂只能在氧气氛制备条件下进行;替代Ti掺杂缺陷电荷转变能级计算结果表明:0/1-的缺陷电荷转变能级分别位于VBM上面0.522 eV及2.440 eV处;与纯锐钛矿相TiO₂相比,La、Ce单掺杂以及La-Ce共掺杂均能减小TiO₂的禁带宽度,但共掺杂体系的禁带宽度更窄,因此共掺杂体系将更有利于提高TiO₂对可见光的响应能力和光催化性能.     

“一锅煮”选择性合成3′-O-(4-甲氧苯甲酰基)蔗糖及其类似物

二氯化钴催化经氢化钠活化的蔗糖与芳基酸酐反应,选择性地在蔗糖3′-OH上引入芳香酰基,通过"一锅煮"合成了3′-O-(4-甲氧苯甲酰基)蔗糖(3a,中药远志的抗抑郁活性成分)及其类似物3′-O-(3-甲基苯甲酰基)蔗糖(3b)和3′-O-(4-氯苯甲酰基)蔗糖(3c),收率54%～59%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和ESI-MS表征。3a为首次化学合成的与相应天然产物结构相同的化合物,3b和3c未见文献报导。     

卡泊三醇的核磁共振谱解析

利用核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）、碳谱（¹³C NMR）、同核位移相关谱（¹H-¹H COSY）、异核单量子相干谱（HSQC）和异核多键相关谱（HMBC）等多种核磁研究方法对抗银屑病药物卡泊三醇的¹H、¹³C信号进行完全归属.