美国物理教育研究进展

对美国物理教育研究领域的发展和现状作了总体的介绍.物理教育研究的内容是物理教育教学的理论和方法,对象是与物理教学相关的各个方面及其之间的关联,提出并采用了许多新的教学方法和教学模式,目的是提高教学质量、发现并解决物理教学中存在的问题和难题,激发学生学习物理的积极性,加深对物理概念的理解和掌握,并提高他们分析和解决科学问题的能力.     

纳米激光让电子屏幕可以随身携带

澳大利亚科学家发明“印制”激光技术,让便携超薄电视、可折叠电子报纸不再遥不可及。传统激光昂贵且不能印刷于介质,最近澳大利亚墨尔本大学和意大利帕多瓦大学的研究人员利用“量子点”（半导体材料的纳米晶体）,终于开发出价格不贵、可以印刷的激光。     

在地球上创造的黑洞环境

<正>一组研究人员利用高能激光束引爆了一个小塑料球,创造了类似于在黑洞外围所发现的情况。这一研究上的进展可以使科学家们对极端环境中物质和能量的性     

《发光学报》征稿内容

<正>本刊征集凝聚态物质中和激发态过程研究有关的原创性论文。主要学术专题包括:1.无机、有机和生物材料的光致发光、电致发光和阴极射线发光及其应用;2     

西昌经久工业园区环境现状监测研究

以国标法为检测标准,对西昌经久工业园区区域地表水、环境空气主要污染指标进行检测与监测。通过现场监测、室内分析和数据处理表明:西昌经久工业园区区域地表水、环境空气主要污染指标达到国家环境要求。     

润滑油对超临界压力CO_2对流换热特性影响

本文对含有少量润滑油对冷却条件下水平细圆管中超临界压力二氧化碳的对流换热特性进行了实验研究,并与相应不含润滑油的工况及已有经验关联式进行对比。实验结果表明,润滑油会使冷却工况下超临界压力二氧化碳的对流换热恶化,尤其是二氧化碳温度在准临界温度附近时,恶化现象更显著。本文提出了用于计算含润滑油时冷却工况下超临界压力二氧化碳对流换热的经验关联式,其计算结果与90%以上实验数据的偏差在25%以内。     

热管式吸附床制冷性能的实验研究

利用高效热管作为吸附床的传热部件,有效地提高了船用柴油机废气的热量回收。本文将热管式吸附床与传统的壳管式吸附床进行了性能对比。同时,选择氯化钙-氨作为吸附工质对,通过实验测定解吸、吸附过程的变化情况。本文的研究结果表明,采用热管式吸附床使得初始解吸和吸附速率有明显提高,从而有效缩短解吸和吸附周期,并能有效提高系统的SCP和COP。     

Optical Properties of Zinc-Blende InGaN/GaN Quantum Well Structures and Comparison with Experiment

Optical properties of zinc-blende InGaN/GaN Q W structures are investigated using the multiband effective-mass theory. The transition wavelength values at 300 K ranged from 440 to 570nm in the investigated range of the In composition and the well width. The theoretical wavelengths show reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The optical gain decreases with the increasing well width. This is mainly due to the reduction in the quasi-Fermi-level separation because the optical matrix element increases with the well width.     

Numerical Study on Open-Circuit Voltage of Single Layer Organic Solar Cells with Schottky Contacts: Effects of Molecular Energy Levels, Temperature and Thickness

We numerically investigate the effects of the exciton generation rate G, temperature T, the active layer thickness d and the position of LUMO level EL related to the cathode work function Wc at a given energy gap on the opencircuit voltage Voc of single layer organic solar cells with Schottky contact. It is demonstrated that open-circuit voltage increases concomitantly with the decreasing cathode work function Wc for given anode work functions and exciton generation rates. In the case of given cathode and anode work functions, the open-circuit voltage first increases with the exciton generation rate and then reaches a saturation value, which equals to the builtin voltage. Additionally, it is worth noting that a significant improvement to Voc could be made by selecting an organic material which has a relative high LUMO level （low ｜EL｜ value）. However, Voc decreases as the temperature increases, and the decreasing rate reduces with the enhancement of exeiton generation rate. Our study also shows that it is of no benefit to improve the open-circuit voltage by increasing the device thickness because of an enhanced charge recombination in thicker devices.     

Numerical Investigation on Inviscid Instability of Streaky Structures in Incompressible Boundary Layer Flow

Numerical investigation is made on the effect of streaky structures in transition by inviscid linear disturbance equation with temporal mode. Several disturbances with different streamwise wave numbers were induced, and the evolutions with time step were received. It suggests that the exponential growth and periodic variation of the waves are in existence. As the streamwise wave number increases, the disturbance growth rate begins by increasing, reaches a maximum at around α=0.4 with a disturbance frequency of 0.2186 ＋ 0.001457i, and then decreases. Furthermore, the eigenfunctions of pressure disturbance are plotted.