CONTINUUM TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION FOR MONOLITHIC COMPLIANT MECHANISMS OF MICRO-ACTUATORS

A multi-objective scheme for structural topology optimization of distributed compliant mechanisms of micro-actuators in MEMS condition is presented in this work, in which mechanical flexibility and structural stiffness are both considered as objective functions. The compliant micro-mechanism developed in this way can not only provide sufficient output work but also have sufficient rigidity to resist reaction forces and maintain its shape when holding the work-piece. A density filtering approach is also proposed to eliminate numerical instabilities such as checkerboards, mesh-dependency and one-node connected hinges occurring in resulting mechanisms. SIMP is used as the interpolation scheme to indicate the dependence of material modulus on element-regularized densities. The sequential convex programming method, such as the method of moving asymptotes (MMA), is used to solve the optimization problem. The validation of the presented methodologies is demonstrated by a typical numerical example.     

在无单元法里直接准确施加位移边界条件和材料不连续条件

在无单元伽辽金法(EFG)里，由于其滑动最小二乘近似位移函数不满足Kronecker条件，使得它不能准确地施加本质边界条件和材料不连续条件，从而极大地限制了EFG法的发展和进一步应用。本文在位移边界和不同材料交界面的离散结点上采用实际的结点位移值，提出了一种准确施加位移边界和材料不连续条件的方法，该方法实施简单、稳定、求解精度高，而且其推导得出的整体刚度矩阵具有正定、对称和带状分布的特点，可以和有限单元法一样，直接利用各种成熟、高效的线性方程组解法求解系统平衡方程。数值算例结果表明了文中理论和方法的正确性和可靠性。     

Independent continuous mapping for topological optimization of frame structures

Based on the Independent Continuous Mapping method (ICM), a topological optimization model with continuous topological variables is built by introducing three filter functions for element weight, element allowable stress and element stiffness, which transform the 0-1 type discrete topological variables into continuous topological variables between 0 and 1. Two methods for the filter functions are adopted to avoid the structural singularity and recover falsely deleted elements: the weak material element method and the tiny section element method. Three criteria (no structural singularity, no violated constraints and no change of structural weight) are introduced to judge iteration convergence. These criteria allow finding an appropriate threshold by adjusting a discount factor in the iteration procedure. To improve the efficiency, the original optimization model is transformed into a dual problem according to the dual theory and solved in its dual space. By using MSC/Nastran as the structural solver and MSC/Patran as the developing platform, a topological optimization software of frame structures is accomplished. Numerical examples show that the ICM method is very efficient for the topological optimization of frame structures.The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10472003) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (3042002) The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

SMA纤维复合材料梁振动半主动控制

分析了一类形状记忆合金(SMA)纤维混杂层合粱用于振动控制的动力学模型和作用机理．采用多胞模型、形状记忆合金一维本构关系分析方法，同时考虑横向剪切的影响，建立了层合梁的数学模型．半主动控制是通过改变受控结构的参数来减小结构振动的响应．根据开关控制原理确定可变刚度系统的控制律，进行SMA纤维混杂层合粱的半主动控制的数值仿真．结果表明，将半主动控制应用于梁的振动控制是一种有效的方法．     

随机压电智能桁架结构闭环控制概率动力响应分析

针对随机压电智能桁架结构研究了基于概率的结构闭环控制系统动力响应分析模型与方法．考虑结构的物理参数、几何尺寸、外荷载幅值以及闭环系统控制力同时具有随机性时，利用振型迭加法导出了结构动力响应随机变量的数字特征计算表达式．通过算例考察了智能结构物理参数、几何尺寸、外荷载幅值以及控制力的随机性对结构闭环控制系统动力响应的影响，并获得了若干有意义的结论．     

三明治结构微机械静电伺服加速度计稳定性研究

对影响微加速度计稳定性的主要因素（外置偏压和横向加速度干扰）进行了详细分析，给出了最小临界偏压和最大可随横向加速度的计算公式，提出一种具有良好稳定性的四梁中心悬臂式结构。根据Matlab仿真结果，在大量程微加速度计典型结构参数下，惯性敏感单元可承受的最大横向加速度达2000g以上，远远满足实际需求。     

高分子材料平面应变拉伸变形局部化

将基于应变软化玻璃状高分子材料微观特征建立的ＢＰＡ８－链分子网络模型引入ＵｐｄａｔｉｎｇＬａｇｒａｎｇｅ有限元方法，建立了适于变形局部化分析的大变形弹塑性有限元驱动应力法．在此基础上，数值模拟了初始各向同性高分子材料平面应变拉伸变形局部化的传播过程．探讨了ＢＰＡ模型对具有加工硬化特性的结晶性高分子材料变形分析的适应性；分析了局部化传播过程中颈缩截面的非均匀应力三轴效应；最后，讨论了网格尺寸以及初始几何不均匀性对颈缩扩散以及应力三轴效应的影响     

有限尺寸多钉连接件钉传载荷计算的解析方法

提供一种确定多钉连接件中钉传载荷的解析方法，这个方法将被连接件看作弹性体，以经典结构力学以及弹性理论平面问题复变函数解法为基础，建立了求解钉传载荷的线性代数方程组并给出了若干算例。这个方法不仅具有合理的力学模型，而且具有计算的简捷性与适用的广泛性。     

多工况多约束下离散变量桁架结构的拓扑优化设计

提出了一个多工况下受应力、位移约束的离散变量桁架结构的拓扑优化方法，给出了结构拓扑形式变更时的约束处理方法及杆件删除策略，使基结构设计空间的维数不断降低，达到最优拓扑，避免了奇异解的出现，在算例中指出了截面离散集和位移约束对最优拓扑的影响；算例给出了满意的拓扑优化解。     

复合结构剪切板的屈曲与后屈曲研究

基于Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ剪切板理论，本文将现有理论模型推进了一步，导出了控制复合材料和构造矩形板平衡的广义Ｋａｒｍａｎ大挠度方程。此外，运用摄动技术，构造了一个单向压缩简支剪切矩形板的后屈曲渐近解，适用于面板和夹心材料都具正交各向异性的夹层板以及计及横向剪切变形对称铺设的层合板。文中给出了典型算例，并将当前结果与其它理论或数值解作了比较，显示出相当好的一致性。