Performance analysis of an elevator system during up-peak

We model and analyze an elevator system during up-peak. We study the round-trip time, whose distribution depends strongly on the number of passengers waiting at the lobby, as well as the number of stops and the highest reversal floor. The distribution functions of the passenger queue length in the lobby, the round-trip time, the waiting time, the ride time and the journey time are derived.     

温敏性微凝胶的研究技术

温敏性微凝胶因具有尺寸小、对温度的变化响应速度快、渗透性好等优点,所以在许多领域显示出良好的应用前景.温敏性微凝胶的应用性能取决于由其结构所决定的物理化学性能.为了深入了解温敏性微凝胶的结构与性能关系,研究人员利用不同技术手段进行了广泛研究.本文主要综述了显微技术、示差扫描量热技术、光散射技术、中子散射技术、核磁共振及荧光光谱等在温敏性微凝胶结构与性能研究中的应用、主要研究结果,并对微凝胶未来的研究方向提出了一些建议.     

手性Schiff碱及其类似物和配合物的研究进展

简要介绍了手性Schiff碱及其类似物和配合物在催化、医药、功能材料中的应用研究进展,为同类课题的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

Surface analysis of nitride layers formed on Fe‐based alloys through plasma nitride process

Nitriding phenomena that occur on the surfaces of pure Fe and Fe? Cr alloy (16 wt% Cr) samples were investigated. An Ar + N₂ mixture‐gas glow‐discharge plasma was used so that surface nitriding could occur on a clean surface etched by Ar⁺ ion sputtering. In addition, the metal substrates were kept at a low temperature to suppress the diffusion of nitrogen. These plasma‐nitriding conditions enabled us to characterize the surface reaction between nitrogen radicals and the metal substrates. The emission characteristics of the band heads of the nitrogen molecule ion (N₂⁺) and nitrogen molecule from the glow‐discharge plasma suggest that the active nitrogen molecule is probably the major nitriding reactant. AES and angle‐resolved XPS were used to characterize the thickness of the nitride layer and the concentration of elements and chemical species in the nitride layer. The thickness of the nitride layer did not depend on the metal substrate type. An oxide layer with a thickness of a few nanometers was formed on the top of the nitride layer during the nitriding process. The oxide layer consisted of several species of N_x‐Fe_y‐O, NO⁺, and NO₂^?. In the Fe? Cr alloy sample, these oxide species could be reduced because chromium is preferentially nitrided. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Sensitive LC–ESI–MS–MS Method for the Determination of Huperzine A in Human Plasma: Method and Clinical Applications

A sensitive and specific liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of huperzine A in human plasma. After the addition of trimetazidine, the internal standard (IS) and sodium hydroxide, plasma samples were extracted using 5 mL ethyl acetate. The compounds were separated on an Agilent Zorbax SB C₁₈ column (100 mm × 2.1 mm ID, dp 3.5 μm) using an elution system of 10 mM ammonium acetate solution–methanol–formic acid (18:82:0.1, v/v) as the mobile phase. The quantification of target compounds was obtained by using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions: m/z 243.1, 210.1 and 267.2, 166.0 were measured in positive mode for huperzine A and IS. Linearity was established for the range of concentrations 0.01–4.0 ng mL^?1 with a coefficient of correlation (r) of 0.9991. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was identifiable and reproducible at 0.01 ng mL^?1. The method has been successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetics of huperzine A in healthy male Chinese volunteers.     

层离型PMMA/镁铁双氢氧化物纳米复合材料的热降解研究

通过原位聚合方法制备了以非水溶性聚合物(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,PMMA)为基体,与MgFe双氢氧化物(LDH)具有良好相容性的层离型纳米复合材料.采用小角、广角X射线衍射(XRD)及透射电镜(TEM)对纳米复合材料的微观结构进行了分析,通过热重分析(TG)和玻璃化转变研究了纳米复合材料在空气和氮气氛围下的热降解过程.实验结果表明,MgFe-LDH的引入显著提高了聚合物基体的热降解温度和玻璃化转变温度,纳米复合材料的热稳定性显著提高.其中含量1.6 wt%的层离型纳米复合材料在失重50%时的热降解温度比纯样提高约69℃.并且整个纳米复合体系的相容性良好,含量8.0 wt%的样品,其可见光透过率仍可达90%以上.     

One‐Pot Mechanosynthesis with Three Levels of Molecular Self‐Assembly: Coordination Bonds,Hydrogen Bonds and Host–Guest Inclusion

Liquid‐assisted grinding (LAG) was used to combine three levels of molecular self‐assembly into a one‐pot mechanochemical approach for the construction of metal–organic materials. The approach was applied for the construction of three adducts of cobalt(II) dibenzoylmethanate with isonicotinamide, nicotinamide and imidazole, to screen for their inclusion compounds. The one‐pot process consists of: i) The coordination‐driven binding of addends to the equatorially‐protected metal ion, resulting in “wheel‐and‐axle”‐shaped complexes; ii) self‐assembly of resulting complexes by way of hydrogen‐bonded synthons to form metal–organic inclusion hosts; iii) in situ inclusion of the grinding liquid in the resulting host. This approach provided quantitatively and within 20 min the known inclusion compounds of the bis(isonicotinamide) adduct in a single synthetic step. Changing the liquid phase in LAG was used to explore the inclusion behaviour of new wheel‐and‐axle adducts with nicotinamide and imidazole, revealing several inclusion compounds, as well as two polymorphs, of the bis(nicotinamide) host. Preliminary results suggest that one‐pot LAG is superior to solution synthesis in screening for metal–organic inclusion compounds. The difference between the methods is rationalised in terms of reactant solubility and solvent competition. In contrast to the nicotinamide adduct, the bis(imidazole) adduct did not form inclusion compounds. The difference in the inclusion properties of the two adducts is rationalised by structural information gathered by single crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction.     

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for 1-propanol + water + lithium chloride at 100 kPa

Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for the ternary system 1-propanol+water+lithium chloride has been measured at 100 kPa using a recirculating still. The addition of lithium chloride to the solvent mixture produced an important salting-out effect over the alcohol and the azeotrope tended to be eliminated when the salt content increased, and two immiscible liquid phases were observed in a broad range of salt concentration. The experimental data sets were fitted with the electrolyte NRTL model and the parameters of Mock et al.’s model were estimated. This model has proved to be suitable to represent experimental data in the entire range of compositions. The effect of lithium chloride on the vapor–liquid equilibrium of the propanol+water system has been compared with that produced by other salts.     

A pressure-sensitive yield criterion under a non-associated flow rule for sheet metal forming

Spitzig and Richmond [Acta Metall. 32 (1984) 457] proposed that plastic yielding of both polycrystalline and single crystals of steel and aluminum alloys shows a significant sensitivity to hydrostatic pressure. They further showed that under the associated flow rule, this pressure sensitivity leads to a plastic dilatancy, i.e. permanent volume change, that is at least an order of magnitude larger than observed. Indeed, the plastic dilatancy for most materials is on the order of the measurement error and must be zero in the absence of phase change and significant void nucleation during plastic deformation. A non-associated flow rule based on a pressure sensitive yield criterion with isotropic hardening is proposed in this paper that is consistent with the Spitzig and Richmond data and analysis. The significance of this work is that the model distorts the shape of the yield function in tension and compression, fully accounting for the strength differential effect (SDE). This capability is important because the SDE is sometimes described through kinematic hardening models using only pressure insensitive yield criteria.     

Cluster glass-like behavior in a 2D bimetallic molecule-based magnet

The compound of formula Na₂[Co₂{Cu(opba)}₃]·2DMSO·6H₂O has been synthesized where opba stands for ortho-phenylenebis(oxamato) and DMSO is dimethylsulfoxide. Magnetic properties have been investigated in the 2–300 K temperature range. The compound presents a large coercive field, around 3.5 kOe at 4.2 K, and the A.C. susceptibility measurements has revealed a cluster glass-like behavior.