一种葡萄糖发酵液中乙醇含量的拉曼光谱分析方法

拉曼光谱法可实现样品的快速定量分析,但发酵液等复杂体系中样品的拉曼强度与被测组分含量之间的良好线性关系难以直接得到。本实验中将待测样品与纯被测组分的拉曼光谱均视为向量,并按照向量点积公式计算向量之间的夹角。在被测组分的拉曼光谱特征峰波段,对多组样品在不同光谱区间的向量夹角矩阵和被测组分含量进行偏最小二乘回归,建立定量分析数学模型,从而以光谱向量之间的夹角作为定量指标实现葡萄糖发酵液中乙醇含量的快速测定。选取的主成分数为6时,所建模型校正集和预测集中预测值与实测值的线性相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9933;校正集均方根误差为0.2171。其建模所用样本数量少、对样品无损坏,方法适用于发酵在线监测和过程分析。     

基于石墨/聚吡咯电极的葡萄糖生物传感器

采用电化学聚合技术,在掺杂的导电聚吡咯薄膜修饰过的铅笔芯电极上,吸附葡萄糖氧化酶制备葡萄糖生物传感器。首先在含有0.1 mol/L吡咯和0.01 mol/L HCl的溶液中,于0.7 V恒电位下吡咯单体氧化聚合,在铅笔芯电极表面形成聚吡咯薄膜;然后将葡萄糖氧化酶吸附在修饰过的电极上制备出葡萄糖氧化酶-聚吡咯-铅笔芯电极电流型生物传感器。实验考察了吡咯聚合时间、聚合温度、葡萄糖氧化酶吸附量、检测电压以及干扰物对传感器性能的影响。实验结果表明,在优化条件下,传感器的灵敏度为17.78μA/mmol/L,线性范围0.8 mmol/L,线性相关度R=0.9918,响应时间小于16 s,检测下限为18.75μmol/L,有较强的抗干扰能力。     

基于钴铝水滑石/铁氰化钴的无酶葡萄糖传感器的研究

采用电沉积的方法将铁氰化钴(CoHCF)和钴铝水滑石(CoAl-LDH)共同固载于玻碳电极(GCE)表面构筑CoAl-LDH/CoHCF纳米材料修饰电极,并利用CoAl-LDH和CoHCF两种物质在碱性环境中对葡萄糖的协同电催化氧化作用,将其用于葡萄糖的分析。采用扫描电镜对电化学沉积的CoHCF和CoAlLDH的表面形貌进行了表征,利用X射线能量色散谱(EDS)对电沉积的CoAlLDH/CoHCF复合材料进行了分析。采用循环伏安法(CV)对修饰电极催化氧化葡萄糖的行为进行了研究。利用电流-时间法对CoAl-LDH/GCE,CoHCF/GCE,CoAl-LDH/CoHCF/GCE和裸GCE等4种电极对葡萄糖的催化效果进行了对照。对底液NaOH的浓度和扫速对电极的影响进行了探讨。该传感器对葡萄糖在5.0×10–7~6.46×10–4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性响应,相关系数为0.9996,灵敏度为0.13 A·L·mol-1,检出限(S/N=3)为2.1×10–7mol/L。     

毛细管电泳-紫外检测法同时测定食品中的葡萄糖和多种糖醇

建立了食品中葡萄糖、半乳糖醇、甘露醇、山梨醇、赤藓糖醇、木糖醇和麦芽糖醇的毛细管电泳-紫外检测同时测定方法。食品中的葡萄糖和糖醇在硼砂碱性介质中与硼酸根结合形成阴离子配合物后,在添加了电渗流改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的硼砂缓冲液(pH 9.2)中进行快速电泳分离,紫外检测器于195 nm处检测。在优化的条件下,7种物质在12 min内基线分离,标准曲线线性良好(r>0.999),检出限均低于0.1g/L,加标回收率为81.6%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于6%。方法适用于食品中葡萄糖和多种常见糖醇的同时检测。     

负载型纳米金催化葡萄糖氧化研究进展

负载型金催化剂的制备具有重要的理论和应用价值。葡萄糖作为一种可再生资源已用于合成具有应用价值的葡萄糖酸。作为“绿色化学”反应过程,负载型金催化剂催化葡萄糖氧化已经成为热门的研究领域。负载型金催化剂具有产物专一性强、催化活性高、反应条件温和、长期催化稳定性等优点。本文主要对负载型金催化剂制备方法及其催化葡萄糖氧化方面近年来的进展进行综述。     

Synthesis and characterization of acetylated sept-D-glucopyranose carbamate as an oligosaccharide donor简

An oligosaccharide donor, acetylated sept-o-glucopyranose tetradecyl carbamate, was designed and synthesized. This compound could be easily linked to hydroxyl-containing compounds through an Oglycosidic bond. Characterization of all the oligosaccharide intermediates and the final product was thoroughly discussed.     

Colorimetric detection of glucose using a boronic acid derivative receptor attached to unmodifed AuNPs简

A simple, cheap and non-enzymatic colorimetric strategy for glucose detection has been designed based on the interactions between a phenylboronic acid （PBA） derivative, which is coupled with gold nanoparticles （AuNPs） as the colorimetric reporters, and glucose. The PBA-AuNPs hybrid system proposed here exhibits ordered photochemistry behaviors upon the addition of glucose at different pH values. There are two linear regions of glucose concentration for the glucose sensor at different pH values, i.e., between 0.1 mmol/L and 9.8 mmol/L at pH 6 with the detection limit of 64μmol/L and between 0 and 6.5 mmol/L with the detection limit of 48 μmol/L at pH 9, respectively. To test the practicality of the sensor system, we also applied this assay to detect a glucose sample in the artificial saliva.     

Fabrication of hollow silica microspheres utilizing a hydrothermal approach

Hollow silica microspheres(HSMSs) have been successfully fabricated via a facile hydrothermal route using D-glucose as the sacrificial template and sodium silicate powder as the silica precursor.The resulting silica hollow particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and infrared spectroscopy(IR).The surface area was determined using the BET method.SEM and TEM images exhibited micro-sized silica hollow particles with a size of ~1.5μm.     

基于聚间苯二胺-壳聚糖复合膜的葡萄糖电化学生物传感器

采用循环伏安法在铂电极表面形成聚间苯二胺-壳聚糖复合膜;以戊二醛为交联剂将葡萄糖氧化酶共价固定在复合膜上形成葡萄糖电化学生物传感器;运用扫描电镜考察复合膜的形貌特征;考察了壳聚糖用量和电位循环圈数对膜特性的影响;采用电流-时间法考察了该传感器对葡萄糖的电化学响应特性。结果表明,该传感器对葡萄糖有较快的响应速度(3.5s),在0.02m mol·L-1~1.27mmol·L-1浓度范围内响应电流与葡萄糖浓度成正比,检测极限为0.01m mol·L-1,样品测定的加标回收率为97.1%~102.5%。该传感器具有较好的选择性,对葡萄糖的测定具有较高的准确度与精密度。     

3-Oxodapagliflozin as a Potent and Highly Selective SGLT2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Structural modifications of 3-OH in the glucose moiety of dapagliflozin（1）, an approved potent sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2（SGLT2） inhibitor, led to 3-oxodapagliflozin（16）, a highly potent and more selective SGLT2 inhibitor[IC50（hSGLT1）/IC50（hSGLT2）=2851 for compound 16 vs. 843 for compound 1]. 3-Oxodapagliflozin（16） exhibited in vitro（IC50=1.0nmol/L against hSGLT2 for compound 16 vs. 1.3 nmol/L for compound 1） and in vivo activities comparable to those of dapagliflozin（1）. The bioactivities of 3-oxodapagliflozin （16） warrant its further evaluation as a promising SGLT2 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.