一种力–电协同驱动的细胞微流控培养腔理论模型

细胞培养液在微流控生物反应器中受到外界物理场(如压力梯度或者电场)作用流动而产生流体剪应力,并进一步刺激种子细胞调控其内部基因的表达,从而促进细胞的分化和生长,这个过程在自然生命组织内的微管中亦是如此.考虑到细胞培养微腔隙中液体流动行为很难实验量化测定,理论建模分析是目前可行的研究手段.因此建立了矩形截面的细胞微流控培养腔理论模型,将外部的物理驱动场(压力梯度与电场)与培养腔内液体的流速、切应力和流率联系起来,分别得到了压力梯度驱动(pressure gradient driven,PGD)、电场驱动(electric field driven,EFD)及力–电协同驱动(pressure-electricity synergic driven,P-ESD)三种驱动方式下的液体流动理论模型.结果表明该理论模型与现有的实验结果基本一致,即力–电协同作用下的解答为压力梯度驱动和电场驱动结果的叠加.细胞培养腔内的流体流速、剪应力及流率幅值均正比于外部物理场强幅值,但随着压力梯度驱动载荷频率的增大而减小,随着电场驱动频率的变化不明显.在压力梯度驱动作用下,细胞贴壁处的切应力随着腔高的增大而线性增大,流率则随着腔高的增大而非线性增大,而电场驱动下的结果不受腔高的影响.生理范围内的温度场变化对压力和电场驱动的结果影响不大.另外,在引起细胞响应的流体切应力水平,电场驱动能提供较大的切应力幅值而压力梯度驱动则能提供较大的流率幅值.该理论模型的建立为细胞微流控生物反应器实验系统的设计及参数优化提供理论参考,同时也为力–电刺激细胞生长、分化机理的研究的提供基础.     

电解铜箔表面电沉积Zn-Ni-P-La合金工艺

为了缓解我国高性能铜箔依靠进口的局面,进行了将类金属(P)和稀土金属(La)引入电解铜箔锌镍合金镀层中以获得高耐腐蚀性铜箔的实验。 利用电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术手段分析镀层质量。 在最佳工艺下获得非晶态Zn-Ni-P-La合金镀层,镀层表面平整均匀、结晶致密,未钝化的情况下,铜箔镀件在180 ℃烘箱中保持1 h不变色,表现出较理想的抗氧化和抗腐蚀能力。 表明镀层中适量的P和稀土La对改善镀层质量有着重要的作用,具有较好的工业应用前景。     

基于生物炭的高级氧化技术降解水中有机污染物

碳基材料催化剂因具有良好的催化性能,同时可避免金属催化剂的重金属沥出造成的二次污染问题,常被应用于高级氧化领域。其中,以废弃生物质为原材料热解产生的生物炭,不仅具有催化潜力,还具有低成本和绿色环保等优势,被广泛用于活化过氧化氢、过一硫酸氢盐和过二硫酸盐等过氧化物降解水中有机污染物。本文介绍了生物炭的前体种类和制备方法、阐述了二者对生物炭活化能力的影响,总结了生物炭活化过氧化物的机理,分析了水质对降解污染物的影响,综述了生物炭的改性、循环使用及再生,指出了这一技术存在的问题并对后续研究进行了展望。     

一步硫/磷热处理制备空心Co9S8/CoP/C纳米复合材料及其储钠性能研究

低成本、高性能的钠离子电池有望成为代替锂离子电池的下一代核心器件.但是开发出高比容量、高倍率的钠离子电池负极材料依然是瓶颈.本文通过水热/溶剂热法制备了Co基前驱体,然后将其一步硫/磷热处理制得具有空心多孔结构的h-Co₉S₈/CoP/C纳米复合材料.通过X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等表征以确定纳米复合物的物相以及形貌特征.当h-Co₉S₈/CoP/C作为钠离子电池负极材料时,该电极材料展示了高的比容量(561 mAh g^-1@0.1 Ag^-1)、较好的循环性能(可逆比容量200 mAh g^-1@2 Ag^-1)和倍率性能.h-Co₉S₈/CoP/C之所以显示出良好的储钠性能,主要得益于其空心多孔结构不仅提供更多的空间缓解钠在反复嵌入和脱出过程造成的体积膨胀效应,而且可以缩短离子/电荷扩散途径以加快反应动力学,此外,Co₉S₈、CoP和C独特的电子结构优势得以共同发挥.     

离子排斥色谱中色谱柱温度对有机酸保留的影响

研究了离子排斥色谱中色谱柱温度对有机酸(脂肪酸、芳香酸)保留的影响。采用Shim-pack SCR-102H离子排斥柱,分别以0.2 mmol/L p-甲苯磺酸为淋洗液分离6种脂肪族有机酸(甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和己酸)以及0.08 mmol/L H2SO4为淋洗液分离6种芳香酸(邻苯二甲酸、水杨酸、苯乙酸、对羟基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、邻甲苯甲酸),流速为1.2 mL/min,柱温控制为25～50℃,直接电导检测。结果表明,有机酸的保留值随温度升高而减小。但每种有机酸的保留受温度的影响程度不同,即当温度改变时,每种有机酸保留值的变化程度不同。一般规律为:有机酸的保留越强,其保留值随温度的变化程度越大。依据范特霍夫曲线的线性回归数据,可知有机酸的范特霍夫曲线具有良好的线性关系,其保留为放热过程。通过改变柱温,可以实现有机酸,特别是强保留有机酸保留值的改变,改善有机酸的色谱峰形和分离状况。     

理论力学"四堂融合"混合式教学和考核模式改革的实践

探讨了一种在新兴教育技术下传统课堂、在线课堂、雨课堂和翻转课堂"四堂融合"的混合式理论力学教学方法,并进行基于此模式的考核模式改革,显著提高了学生的学习成绩,提高了课堂教学成效,取得了良好的教学效果。这种教学和考核模式改革给当代理论力学课堂教学改革提供了一种思路。     

Designing Fano-Like Quantum Routing via Atomic Dipole-Dipole Interactions

Fano-like quantum routing of single photons in a system with two waveguides coupled to two collocated atoms is investigated theoretically. Using a full quantum theory in real space, photonic scattering amplitudes along four ports of the waveguide network are analytically obtained. It is shown that, by adjusting the atomic dipole-dipole interaction, an evident Fano-line shape emerges in the scattering spectra of the single-dot configuration system.Moreover, Fano resonance can also be achieved by varying the atom-waveguide coupling strength and atomic detuning, in the presence of the atomic dipole-dipole interaction. Therefore, the atomic dipole-dipole interaction may be utilized as a possible way to control spectral Fano-like resonance. The feasibility with the experimental waveguide channels is also discussed.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Biological Activity of 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde (2-trifluoromethylTrifluoromethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4 ,5]-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazone Monohydrate

The novel title compound 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (2-trifluoromethyl-5,6,7,8- tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazone monohydrate (C18H14ClF3N4SH2O, Mr = 428.86) has been synthesized by a condensation reaction of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde with (2-trifluoromethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazine, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 7.4252(7), b = 26.344(2), c = 10.3095(9) , = 109.407(2)°, V = 1902.0(3) 3 , Z = 4, Dc = 1.498 g/cm3 , μ = 0.356 mm-1 , F(000) = 880, the final R = 0.0564 and wR = 0.1681 for 2343 observed reflections with I > 2 (I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the title hydrazone molecule is nearly planar except for the cyclohexene and trifluoromethyl moieties. In the crystal packing, the molecules form stacks by a three-dimensional framework, which results from intermolecular N(3)-H(3)···O(1), O(1)-H(1B)···N(2), O(1)- H(1B)···N(4) and O(1)-H(1A)···F(1) hydrogen bonds via water molecules together with π-π stacking interactions. Molecular geometry of the title compound in the ground state optimized by B3LYP functional with 6-311G** basis sets indicates that the calculations are in agreement with the experimental data. The preliminary bioassay suggested that the title compound exhibits relatively good fungicidal activity against Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.vasinfectum and Dothiorella gregaria.     

Terahertz radiation from pentacene organic diode at room temperature

We investigate terahertz radiation(T-rays) from a pentacene organic diode at room temperature. The quantum chemistry calculation for frequency-related Huang–Rhys factor of pentacene is also carried out. The results demonstrate that the T-rays can come from a bending vibration of pentacene skeleton after the energy of pentacene exciton transferring to the vibrational excited state via electron–phonon coupling. Frequency and natural bond orbital analytics of pentacene and its derivatives are performed in order to explain the result and develop new materials to get higher emission. This work provides a new way to produce T-rays with a simple device at room temperature.