Chemical Constituents from Notoseris Species

The genus Notoseris (Asteraceae) comprising of 14 species is endemic in China^[1]. Two new sesquiterpene lactones,notoserolides A and B,along with 12 known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of N. Porphyrolepis^[2], but nothing is known about secondary metabolites of other N species.     

金纳米粒子-荧光素体系的光谱特性

纳米粒子具有量子尺寸效应和表面效应等许多特有的性质 [1] ,在光吸收、医药及新材料等方面具有广阔的应用前景 .纳米粒子具有较高的比表面能且带有电荷 ,当光子与其接近时 ,实际上是光子与纳米粒子的界面电子发生了作用 [2 ,3 ] .基于此建立的共振散射 (RS)光谱技术已成为一种高灵敏度和高选择性的分析技术 ,是研究生物化学和液相纳米粒子特性的良好手段 [4～ 9] .我们 [2 ,3 ] 研究发现 ,较大粒径纳米粒子和界面的形成是导致散射光增强的根本原因 ;金、银等液相纳米粒子产生 RS效应和 RS峰等 .荧光猝灭 (FQ)效应已用于分析化学和蛋白…     

草玉梅中的化学成分

从草玉梅根部和地上部分甲醇提取物中分离到的8个化合物,其中三萜内酯(7)和三萜皂甙(8)为新化合物.     

地奥心血康中的两个新甾体皂苷

通过正相和反相硅胶柱层析, 从地奥心血康药粉的正丁醇萃取物中分离纯化出2个微量的新甾体皂苷, 通过MS和NMR(包括HMQC, HMBC和NOESY)等波谱解析, 结合化学降解分析将其结构鉴定为3β,26-二醇-25(R)-Δ^5,20(22)-二烯-呋甾-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)和26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3β,20α,26-三醇-25(R)-Δ^5,22-二烯-呋甾-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2).     

单轴压缩下Ti3B4的力学、电学性能及变形机制的第一性原理研究

Ti3B4作为一种重要的钛硼化合物,被广泛应用于工业生产和国防军事中.但是有关Ti3B4在外载荷下的变形行为却鲜有报道,这在很大程度上限制了它的应用.本文采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法研究了Ti3B4在不同方向单轴压缩下的力学行为、电子结构以及变形机制.结果表明,在不同方向单轴压缩下,Ti3B4的变形行为表现出很强的各向异性.a轴压缩下,层内Ti-Ti键减弱使Ti3B4承载能力降低,最终层间Ti-Ti键和沿b轴B-B键断裂造成压缩应力突降;b轴压缩下,层内Ti-B键减弱和层间Ti-B键增强导致Ti3B4承载能力逐渐降低,B-B键断裂导致结构破坏;c轴压缩下,层内Ti-B键断裂和层间Ti-B键形成使结构稳定性降低.由态密度分布可知,在单轴压缩下,变形后的Ti3B4仍然呈现金属性,但是其共价性能降低.通过讨论Ti3B4在不同方向单轴压缩下的力学行为与微观变形机制可以为改善其宏观性能提供一定的理论指导.     

Enhanced optical absorption by Ag nanoparticles in a thin film Si solar cell

Thin film solar cells have the potential to significantly reduce the cost of photovoltaics. Light trapping is crucial to such a thin film silicon solar cell because of a low absorption coefficient due to its indirect band gap. In this paper, we investigate the suitability of surface plasmon resonance Ag nanoparticles for enhancing optical absorption in the thin film solar cell. For evaluating the transmittance capability of Ag nanoparticles and the conventional antireflection film, an enhanced transmittance factor is introduced. We find that under the solar spectrum AM1.5, the transmittance of Ag nanoparticles with radius over 160 nm is equivalent to that of conventional textured antireflection film, and its effect is better than that of the planar antireflection film. The influence of the surrounding medium is also discussed.     

高斯-谢尔模光束在大气湍流中传输的相干特性研究

文章分析了高斯-谢尔光束在大气湍流中传输时相干长度的变化, 并与真空传输做比较, 真空传输相干长度的变化只与光源参数有关, 大气湍流中传输相干长度的变化受光源参数和湍流的共同影响. 真空传输光束扩展造成相干长度增大; 大气湍流中, 传输距离较短时, 相干长度由于光源扩展而增加, 当传输距离较大时, 湍流效应增强引起相干长度下降. 因此, 单纯从相干长度方面分析大气湍流带来的影响不够完备. 为排除光源扩展影响, 利用相干长度与光斑尺度的比值进行分析, 发现大气湍流会造成比值的下降. 在数值仿真的基础上对上述结果给出了解释. 关键词： 部分相干 大气湍流 高斯-谢尔模 光束扩展     

Recent development in SU(3) covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory

Baryon chiral perturbation theory (BChPT), as an effective field theory of low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD), has played and is still playing an important role in our understanding of non-perturbative strong-interaction phenomena. In the past two decades, inspired by the rapid progress in lattice QCD simulations and the new experimental campaign to study the strangeness sector of low-energy QCD, many efforts have been made to develop a fully covariant BChPT and to test its validity in all scenarios. These new endeavours have not only deepened our understanding of some long-standing problems, such as the power-counting-breaking problem and the convergence problem, but also resulted in theoretical tools that can be confidently applied to make robust predictions. Particularly, the manifestly covariant BChPT supplemented with the extended-on-mass-shell (EOMS) renormalization scheme has been shown to satisfy all analyticity and symmetry constraints and converge relatively faster compared to its non-relativistic and infrared counterparts. In this article, we provide a brief review of the fully covariant BChPT and its latest applications in the u, d, and s three-flavor sector.     

Ionic crystals of {[Ni(phen)3]2Ge4S10}·xSol, showing solid-state solvatochromism and rapid solvent-induced recrystallization

Thiogermanates, {[Ni(phen)(3)](2)Ge(4)S(10)}·xSol (Sol = 4MeOH·12H(2)O (1) and 24H(2)O (2)) were prepared and characterized by single-crystal structure analysis. There are large quantities of the solvent molecules that cocrystallize with the anions and cations and form a strong hydrogen bonding network (O-H···S and O···H-O-H···O). Reversible yellow-pink color change with fast speed was found for these compounds, when the crystals were immersed in alcohol solvents and water alternately. The time of the solvent-induced color change relates to the molecular size and structure of the alcohols. The smaller the molecule is, the faster the color change will be. The fastest color change was found by using the methanol solvent that took only about one second. The color change also relates to the ratio of water/alcohol. The solvatochromism phenomenon is accompanied with a rapid solvent-induced recrystallization that is verified by the XRD patterns.     

Using baicalin-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for selectively extracting flavonoids from Rosa chinensis

An extraction agent featuring a natural product, baicalin, anchored on the surface of nanomagnetic particles (BMNPs) is herein reported. A facile solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure with high selectivity toward flavonoids using BMNPs has been established. BMNPs were proven very effective for enriching flavonoids from extracts of medicinal plants such as Rosa chinensis. The SPE protocol involving a convenient solid-liquid separation by using an external magnet field was easy to carry out. Further, the SPE sorbent (BMNPs) could be reused for many times reducing the operation cost. Importantly, flavonoids retained on the BMNPs were effectively recovered by eluting with methanol. Coupling the proposed SPE with ESI-MS/MS allowed a quick quantification of flavonoids in herbal extracts. Simultaneous determination of eight flavonoids extracted from R. chinensis was demonstrated in this work.