开敞式蜗壳轴流式水轮机湍流计算及性能预估

本文在进行模型水轮机试验的基础上,完成了开敞式蜗壳轴流式模型水轮机的全流道三维定常湍流计算。计算程序以雷诺时均连续方程和N-S方程作为控制方程,选用标准κ-ε双方程湍流模型使方程组封闭。数值求解通过CIMPLEC算法实现速度、压力的分离求解,离散差分格式具有二阶精度。通过计算获得了各过流部件的流动细节,预估了水轮机的能量性能,并与试验结果进行了比较。     

皖南牌坊传统灰浆的科技研究

采用FTIR,XRD,SEM等技术,对皖南牌坊上的传统灰浆材料配方进行了初步研究。结果表明,牌坊灰浆样品为石灰掺桐油或糯米而形成的有机-无机复合材料。桐油灰浆强度的形成主要源于灰浆中石灰的碳化反应、桐油与氧气的交联反应和Ca2+与—COO-的配位反应以及由此而形成的致密片层状有机-无机复合结构。糯米淀粉对灰浆碳化过程的调控作用而形成的细密的微观结构是糯米灰浆具有良好性能的微观解释。     

Synthesis and characterization of p-type boron-doped IIb diamond large single crystals

High-quality p-type boron-doped IIb diamond large single crystals are successfully synthesized by the temperature gradient method in a china-type cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus at about 5.5 GPa and 1600 K.The morphologies and surface textures of the synthetic diamond crystals with different boron additive quantities are characterized by using an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope respectively.The impurities of nitrogen and boron in diamonds are detected by micro Fourier transform infrared technique.The electrical properties including resistivities,Hall coefficients,Hall mobilities and carrier densities of the synthesized samples are measured by a four-point probe and the Hall effect method.The results show that large p-type boron-doped diamond single crystals with few nitrogen impurities have been synthesized.With the increase of quantity of additive boron,some high-index crystal faces such as {113} gradually disappear,and some stripes and triangle pits occur on the crystal surface.This work is helpful for the further research and application of boron-doped semiconductor diamond.     

Influence of annealing treatment on as-grown Ib-type diamond crystal at a high temperature and high pressure

In this paper,we report on the influence of annealing treatment on as-grown Ib-type diamond crystal under high pressure and high temperature in a china-type cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus.Experiments are carried out at a pressure of 7.0 GPa and temperatures ranging from 1700 C to 1900 C for 1 h.Annealing treatment of the diamond crystal shows that the aggregation rate constant of nitrogen atoms in the as-grown Ib-type diamond crystal strongly depends on diamond morphology and annealing temperature.The aggregation rate constant of nitrogen remarkably increases with the increase of annealing temperature and its value in octahedral diamond is much higher than that in cubic diamond annealed at the same temperature.The colour of octahedral diamond crystal is obviously reduced from yellow to nearly colorless after annealing treatment for 1 h at 1900 C,which is induced by nitrogen aggregation in a diamond lattice.The extent of nitrogen aggregation in an annealed diamond could approach approximately 98% indicated from the infrared absorption spectra.The micro-Raman spectrum reveals that the annealing treatment can improve the crystalline quality of Ib-type diamond characterized by a half width at full maximum at first order Raman peak,and therefore the annealed diamond crystals exhibit nearly the same properties as the natural IaA-type diamond stones of high quality in the Raman measurements.     

Li-N共掺ZnO纳米管的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的计算方法,系列的研究了锯齿型(9,0) ZnO单壁纳米管、Li,N分别掺杂以及Li-2N共掺杂的ZnO纳米管的能带结构、总体态密度、分波态密度.分析发现虽然Li原子单独掺杂不会对纳米管能带结构产生明显影响,但是Li-2N共掺杂比N单独掺杂ZnO纳米管的结构更加稳定,而且Li-2N共掺杂ZnO纳米管是p型简并半导体.     

传统糯米灰浆碳化过程中Liesegang环的形成机理研究

采用FTIR,XRD,SEM等技术,对传统糯米灰浆碳化过程中出现的Liesegang环现象进行了初步研究。结果表明,使用陈化石灰和糯米浆制备的糯米灰浆在碳化过程中能形成较明显的Liesegang环;陈化石灰-糯米灰浆固化后的极小孔隙,是传统糯米灰浆中Liesegang环形成的本质原因,其形成机理符合延迟成核理论。     

Higgs and Bottom Quarks Associated Production at High Energy Colliders in the Littlest Higgs Model with T-Parity

In the littlest Higgs Model with T-parity,we discuss the Higgs production in association with bottom quarks at the LHC and future electron-positron collider.We calculate the cross sections of production channels pp→bb H,bb→H and bg→b H at 14 Te V LHC and the cross sections of production channel e~+e~-→bb H in(un)polarized beams at the lowest order.In order to investigate the observability,we display some typical final state distributions in the Higgs to diphoton channel.     

氦原子与一氧化碳分子各向异性势的计算研究

本文用高精度的量子力学ab initio方法计算了氦原子与一氧化碳分子相互作用各向异性势能面,通过三重激发校正耦合簇、二次组态相互作用等方法和不同基组的计算结果比较,并采用BSSE方法消除了基组重叠误差,得到了氦原子与一氧化碳分子体系相互作用各向异性势,然后采用精确度较高的密耦（Close-Coupling）近似方法,研究了氦原子与一氧化碳分子碰撞的散射截面,通过计算得出了该体系碰撞激发微分截面和分波截面,计算得到的微分截面数据与实验值符合较好,说明本文得到的势能面是准确的.     

20～6000 K温度范围内二氧化碳配分函数的计算

在20～6000 K温度范围内,通过乘积近似计算了二氧化碳及其同位素的总的配分函数.其中振动配分函数用谐振子近似,转动配分函数考虑了离心扭曲修正.20～6000 K温度范围被划分为五个小区间.在每一个小区间,计算的总的配分函数被拟合到一个温度T的四阶或五阶多项式,从而获得五个或六个拟合系数.通过这些拟合系数可以快速准确的获得分子在所研究温度范围内任意温度下的总配分函数.     

高温超导磁体液氮零蒸发冷却系统设计及性能试验

随着高温超导技术的发展,可用于交变电磁场条件下且临界温度高于77K的高温超导线材已经得到商业化应用,液氮温区的高温超导磁体冷却技术也取得了巨大进步。本文作者设计了一种高温超导磁体液氮零蒸发冷却系统,并进行了相关性能试验。结果表明,整个试验过程中,液氮无损耗,实现液氮零蒸发功能;系统液氮温度处于70K~77K之间,且温度可控,为高温超导磁体在特定温度下的性能研究提供了条件;给出了液氮温度与系统净输出冷量的关系,并与理论计算进行了比较;提出了影响系统性能的关键问题。