Klein Paradox of Two-Dimensional Dirac Electrons in Circular Well Potential

We study two-dimensional massive Dirac equation in circular well potential. The energies of bound states are obtained. We demonstrate the Klein paradox of this relativistic wave equation:For large enough potential depth, the bound states disappear from the spectra. Applications to graphene systems are discussed.     

Microcanonical Phase Diagram of the BEG and Ising Models

The density of states of long-range Blume-Emery-Griffiths(BEG) and short-range Ising models are obtained by using Wang-Landau sampling with adaptive windows in energy and magnetization space.With accurate density of states,we are able to calculate the microcanonical specific heat of fixed magnetization introduced by Kastner et al.in the regions of positive and negative temperature.The microcanonical phase diagram of the Ising model shows a continuous phase transition at a negative temperature in energy and magnetization plane.However the phase diagram of the long-range model constructed by peaks of the microcanonical specific heat looks obviously different from the Ising chart.     

关于热力学和统计物理学中的负温度

近年来在与多位中学物理教师接触的过程中,只要一提到"负温度"这个名词,多数都会回答"闻所未闻",或感到迷惑和神秘莫测.为弥补这种缺陷,值此《物理通报》出版30周年之际,特献上此文供中学物理教师一阅.1问题的提出其实,早在20世纪40年代,在前苏联理论物理大师朗道及其弟子栗弗席兹合著《理论物理学》丛     

利用LED的量子特性设计新型普朗克常数测定仪

采用发光二极管的量子发光原理,通过测两发光二极管的伏安特性,确定阈值电压,根据相关半导体理论,计算出普朗克常数,通过对红黄绿三种颜色的发光二极管进行实验测量,结果表明误差稍大,但作为一种设计性实验开发学生的创新思维还是值得肯定的.     

基于量子阱结构的高效磷光有机电致发光器件

采用多重量子阱结构制作了高效红色磷光有机电致发光器件。以4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,10-biphenyl (CBP)掺杂bis(1-phenyl-isoquinoline)(Acetylacetonato) iridium(Ⅲ) (Ir(piq)₂(acac))为发光层,4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,10-biphenyl(Bphen)为电荷控制层,形成了Ⅱ型双量子阱结构,器件的最大亮度为15 000 cd/m²,最大电流效率为7.4 cd/A,相对于参考器件提高了21%。研究结果表明:以Bphen为电荷控制层形成的Ⅱ型多重量子阱结构能有效地将载流子和激子限制在势阱中,并且使空穴和电子的注入更加平衡,从而提高了载流子复合的几率和器件的效率。     

噪音信号对夜间对流层臭氧探测准确度的影响

本文探讨在背景噪音影响下,差分吸收激光雷达测量臭氧的不确定性:背景噪音对臭氧浓度廓线的影响正比于背景噪音强度、强吸收波长和弱吸收波长的回波信号强度比,理论计算结果表明:合适的回波信号强度比可以使激光雷达背景信号对夜间臭氧探测浓度的影响变得非常小,可以忽略不计,实验结果表明:用波长对( 280 nm,283 nm)对大气臭氧进行观测时,适当调节两波长回波信号强度比为0.96时,背景信号对臭氧浓度探测的影响小到可以忽略的程度,模拟分析和实验观测结果相接近,证实了理论推算的合理性,在背景噪音强度未知的情况下,通过调整强吸收和弱吸收两波长的激光脉冲的能量,在示渡器上得到适合的回波信号强度比值,可以抑制背景噪音信号时臭氧探测结果的影响,确保夜间臭氧测量的准确性.     

Comparative research on the transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes of exponential-doping structures

Early research has shown that the varied doping structures of the active layer of GaAs photocathodes have been proven to have a higher quantum efficiency than uniform doping structures.On the basis of our early research on the surface photovoltage of GaAs photocathodes,and comparative research before and after activation of reflection-mode GaAs photocathodes,we further the comparative research on transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes.An exponential doping structure is the typical varied doping structure that can form a uniform electric field in the active layer.By solving the one-dimensional diffusion equation for no equilibrium minority carriers of transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes of the exponential doping structure,we can obtain the equations for the surface photovoltage(SPV) curve before activation and the spectral response curve(SRC) after activation.Through experiments and fitting calculations for the designed material,the body-material parameters can be well fitted by the SPV before activation,and proven by the fitting calculation for SRC after activation.Through the comparative research before and after activation,the average surface escape probability(SEP) can also be well fitted.This comparative research method can measure the body parameters and the value of SEP for the transmission-mode GaAs photocathode more exactly than the early method,which only measures the body parameters by SRC after activation.It can also help us to deeply study and exactly measure the parameters of the varied doping structures for transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes,and optimize the Cs-O activation technique in the future.     

一类非光滑条件下欧式期权定价模型

在本文中,我们考虑欧式期权定价问题的随机波动率模型.在非光滑收益函数的假设下,通过摄动分析和磨光逼近技巧,我们解带有小参数的倒向偏微分方程,并得到欧式期权价格的一致渐近展式及其一致有效的误差估计.     

一道2000年IMO试题的背景

第41届(2000年)国际数学奥林匹克试题第2题为[1]:设a、b、c是正实数,且满足abc=1,证明:(a-1 1b)(b-1 1c)(c-1 1a)≤1.(1)我们认为,该题是以1983年瑞士数学奥林匹克试题第2题为背景编制的:设x、y、z是正实数,证明:xyz≥(y z-x)(z x-y)(x y-z).(2)事实上,(2)式可变形为(yx-1 zx)(