一氧化碳在Ru/Al2O3上吸附态的相互转化和稳定性的研究

本文利用差分红外光谱方法研究了不同预处理条件下,CO在4% Ru/Al₂O₃上的吸附,以及H₂和CO在Ru/Al₂O₃上的共吸附。对CO在Ru上吸附态的红外光谱进行了归属,认为2070cm^-1-2060cm^-1的中频谱带是孪生CO吸附态的对称伸缩振动和线式CO吸附态的伸缩振动相叠合的谱带。讨论了表面碳(C_S)、表面氧(O_S)、表面氢(H_S)对CO吸附态的影响,认为CO在Ru上发生岐化反应形成的表面碳可使Ru=CO键加强,共吸附H₂可使Ru-CO键削弱。表面氧促使形成缺电子的中心,在此中心上生成CO孪生吸附态。CO的孪生吸附是活化吸附过程。     

RhCo双金属催化剂的研究III. Rh+Co/Al2O3上表面羰基氢化物及其动态行为

利用连续流动微反研究了Rh+Co/Al2O3催化剂的CO加氢反应, 结果表明反应在220℃以上发生, 反应活性随着温度的升高和H2/CO值的增加而增加。利用TP-IR动态方法研究了Rh+Co/Al2O3上CO和H2共吸附及其动态行为。结果表明在Rh+Co/Al2O3的孪生及线式中心上, CO和H2室温共吸附时即有部分孪生及线式CO转化为相应的羰基氢化物, 随着温度的升高, 剩余的孪生和线式CO继续向相应的羰基氢化物转化。而羰基氢化物则向多羰基氢化物转化。在到达反应温度之前, 催化剂表面只存在羰基氢化物及相应的多氢羰基氢化物。在反应温度则导致产物CH4生成。与CO加氢反应和CO歧化的吸附态研究结果相关联, 作者认为Rh+Co/Al2O3上CO加氢生成CH4是经由羰基氢化物-多氢羰基氢化物途径。     

基于固定化纳米金增强化学发光双酶传感器测定葡萄糖

研制了一种新型流动注射化学发光（CL）双酶传感器,用于葡萄糖的检测．该传感器将掺杂金纳米粒子（GNPs）的壳聚糖膜包覆在硅烷化试剂预处理的玻璃微珠上,用于吸附固定葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）和辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）．葡萄糖在GOD的催化下发生氧化反应生成H2O2,生成的H2O2在HRP的催化作用下与鲁米诺发生反应,并产生化学发光信号．实验表明,壳聚糖中掺杂的GNPs不仅能够有效的吸附酶分子并保持其生物活性,还对Luminol-H2O2-HRP化学发光体系具有增敏作用．通过化学发光光谱和紫外光谱表征,详细研究了固定化GNPs增强Luminol—H2O2-HRP体系的化学发光机理．在优化的实验条件下,该传感器对葡萄糖检测的线性范围为0．01～6．0mmol／L,检测限为5．0μmol／L（3σ）．将所建立的方法用于临床血清样品中葡萄糖含量的测定,获得了满意的结果．     

接枝改性PVDF基含氟聚合物

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF基)含氟聚合物由于其独特的性能受到了广泛的关注。将功能化链段引入PVDF基含氟聚合物可以进一步提升其性能并拓展其应用领域。相较于物理共混法和直接共聚改性法,通过接枝改性法将功能化单体引入含氟聚合物的侧链具有更显著的优势,可便捷、高效地得到组成精确,结构可控的接枝共聚物。本文综述了通过活性自由基聚合(包括ATRP、SET-LRP、有机催化原子转移自由基聚合(O-ATRP)、光诱导Cu(Ⅱ)介导RDRP)和高能射线辐射(γ射线,紫外,电子束)等对PVDF基含氟聚合物功能化接枝改性的方法,并对其发展趋势以及改性聚合物的应用前景进行了展望。     

公司治理、政府补贴与战略性新兴企业创新效率

基于随机前沿方法评价了战略性新兴企业的创新效率,并从公司内部治理和外部环境的创新激励视角对战略性新兴企业的创新驱动因素进行了路径分析与识别.通过对2011-2016年389家上市公司的研究发现:战略性新兴企业的创新效率差异较大,而且具有随时间递减的技术进步效应.政府补贴、市场竞争、产权比率、董事薪酬、董事独立性等因素表现出创新驱动效应,高管持股表现出创新抑制效应.此外,国有产权对高管持股的创新驱动具有同向强化作用,对股票流通性的创新驱动具有反向强化作用.     

Electric gating of the multichannel conduction in LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3 superlattices

The electric gating on the transport properties of two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG) at the interface of LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃(LAO/STO) heterostructure has attracted great research interest due to its potential application in fieldeffect devices. Most of previous works of gate effect were focused on the LAO/STO heterostructure containing only one conductive interface. Here, we systematically investigated the gate effect on high-quality LAO/STO superlattices(SLs)fabricated on the TiO₂-terminated(001) STO substrates. In addition to the good metallicity of all SLs, we found that there are two types of charge carriers, the majority carriers and the minority carriers, coexisting in the SLs. The sheet resistance of the SLs with a fixed thickness of the LAO layer increases monotonically as the thickness of the STO layer increases. This is derived from the dependence of the minority carrier density on the thickness of STO. Unlike the LAO/STO heterostructure in which minority and majority carriers are simultaneously modulated by the gate effect, the minority carriers in the SLs can be tuned more significantly by the electric gating while the density of majority carriers is almost invariable. Thus, we consider that the minority carriers may mainly exist in the first interface near the STO substrate that is more sensitive to the back-gate voltage, and the majority carriers exist in the post-deposited STO layers. The SL structure provides the space separation for the multichannel conduction in the 2 DEG, which opens an avenue for the design of field-effect devices based on LAO/STO heterostructure.     

聚乳酸荧光防伪纤维的制备及其性能

通过熔融纺丝法成功制备了聚乳酸荧光防伪纤维。分别采用DSC、XRD、纤维强度仪、荧光光谱仪、荧光显微镜等探讨了荧光粉含量对聚乳酸荧光防伪纤维的结晶结构、力学性能与荧光性能的影响,并利用激光共聚焦显微镜对防伪纤维进行了3D荧光分布模拟分析。研究结果表明:聚乳酸荧光防伪纤维在紫外光激发下,在530nm处出现最强发射峰,纤维呈黄绿色荧光;随着荧光粉含量的增加,纤维的荧光强度增加,但荧光粉在基体中的团聚现象逐渐加剧,纤维的断裂强度逐渐降低;激光共聚焦显微镜可较好地模拟荧光防伪纤维中荧光粉的分布情况。     

Determination of the migration of fourteen endocrine disruptors in food packaging materials by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryEI北大核心CSCD

A method for the determination of the migration of 14 endocrine disruptors（bisphenol A,bisphenol E,bisphenol F,bisphenol S,bisphenol B,bisphenol Z,bisphenol AF,bisphenol AP,tetrabromobisphenol A, tetrachlorobisphenol A,octylphenol,4-n-octylphenol,4-nonylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol）in food packaging materials by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The samples were soaked in water,4% acetic acid solution,10% ethanol solution,50% ethanol solution,olive oil,simulated sweat and simulated saliva. The soakings were purified by solvent extraction or Oasis HLB solid phase extraction. After separation by a Waters Atlantis™ T3 column,the samples were determined by multiple reaction monitoring mode with electrospray negative ion source,and quantified by matrix external standard method. The linear correlation coefficients of 14 endocrine disruptors were 0.9901-0.9986,the recoveries were 82.3%-108.7% with the relative standard deviations of 0.8%-6.8%,the limits of detection were 0.1-0.5 μµg/L and the limits of quantification were 0.3-1.5 μµg/L. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定儿童消费品中14种酚类物质的迁移量

儿童通过手、口等途径接触儿童消费品时,双酚A等酚类物质会通过唾液或汗液迁移到体内,影响儿童健康,而关于唾液和汗液中酚类物质迁移量检测的报道较少,因此进行了题示研究。将样品剪碎或粉碎成粒径小于2mm的颗粒,分取1.00g,加入20mL模拟汗液或模拟唾液,浸泡2.0h后分取10mL过活化好的Oasis HLB固相萃取柱,用5mL水淋洗,8mL甲醇洗脱。收集洗脱液,氮吹至近干,用30%(体积分数)甲醇溶液稀释至2.0mL,过0.22μm滤膜。滤液进入液相色谱-串联质谱仪,目标物在AtlantisTMT3色谱柱上以不同体积比的水和体积比1∶1的甲醇-乙腈混合溶液进行梯度洗脱分离,以电喷雾离子源负离子模式电离,以多反应监测模式检测,以基质匹配法定量。结果显示：14种酚类物质的质量浓度分别在0.1～20.0μg·L^-1(双酚A、双酚AF和四氯双酚A)和0.5～100.0μg·L^-1(其他11种酚类物质)内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.3～1.5μg·kg^-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,模拟汗液和模拟唾液中14种酚类物质...     

低成本溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO2/TiO2双层膜的减反射与自清洁性能

将玻璃基底依次在低成本的SiO₂溶胶和TiO₂溶胶中浸渍后,在500 oC下煅烧制备了同时具备减反射与自清洁性能的SiO₂/TiO₂双层膜．该膜的光学性能与结构特征分别通过紫外-可见分光光度计和场发射扫描电镜进行了表征．同时,源于超亲水性和光催化作用的自清洁性能也凸显出来．实验结果表明制备SiO₂/TiO₂双层膜对光的透射率最高可达到95%,同时具备自清洁性能．