<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies by polymerization-induced self-assembly under heterogeneous condition

Controlled synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymer nanoparticles in a convenient way is an important and interest topic in polymer science. In this review, three formulations of polymerization-induced self-assembly to in situ synthesize block copolymer nanoparticles are briefly introduced, which perform by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization under heterogeneous conditions, e.g., aqueous emulsion RAFT polymerization, dispersion RAFT polymerization and especially the recently proposed seeded RAFT polymerization. The latest developments in several selected areas on the synthesis of block copolymer nano-assemblies are highlighted.     

鲨鱼肝铁蛋白亚基解离与组装机理的研究

小批量制备质谱纯鲨鱼肝铁蛋白(Liver Ferritin of Sphyrna zygaena,SZLF)。在弱酸介质(pH1.0)中,天然电泳结果显示,SZLF蛋白质亚基20 min后开始解离。选用透射电子显微镜跟踪SZLF亚基解离与重组装全过程和蛋白壳与铁核尺寸变化,发现SZLF在亚基酸解离过程中,随着pH值的降低,铁核和蛋白壳的尺寸呈现相同的变化趋势,这种变化趋势可能与铁核内层铁的释放和蛋白壳的解离与去折叠有关。SZLF蛋白壳的重组装过程则是一个快速过程,并且是由松散熔球态向紧密态转变的过程。SZLF由单类型亚基组成,而马脾铁蛋白(Horse Spleen Ferritin,HSF)由H和L两种亚基类型组成。在基质pH3.0条件和激光辅助下,混合HSF和SZLF仍然可释放各自的亚基且形成准亚基离子,供基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱分析,说明此时SZLF的亚基间相互作用强度减弱但并没有去折叠。TEM技术在铁蛋白解离和重组装过程中的应用,为进一步研究铁蛋白纳米包装的过程和机理提供新颖的、可行的和更加直观的研究手段。     

用圆二色性和荧光光谱技术研究纳米吡啰红G核-铁蛋白的构建机理

小批量制备了电泳纯鲨鱼肝铁蛋白(Liver ferritin ofSphyrna zygaena,SZLF),对SZLF的结构与功能进行了研究.在pH=2.0~10.0条件下,选用圆二色性(Circular dichroism,CD)光谱技术研究了SZLF和脱铁核SZLF(apoSZLF)二级结构转换的基本特征和变化趋势,揭示了SZLF蛋白壳的亚基稳定性、相互作用强度和去折叠现象.利用酸碱中和方法,解离SZLF蛋白壳亚基,并再次构建成完整SZLF.用紫外-可见分光光度法和荧光光度法研究了构建纳米吡啰红G核-铁蛋白的途径.定量分析结果表明,每分子apoSZLF可捕获12分子吡啰红G于蛋白壳内,构建纳米吡啰红G核-铁蛋白.分析了apoSZLF直接捕获和释放吡啰红G的途径与速率,为后续构建高存量纳米顺铂核-铁蛋白药物载体提供了可行性技术.     

A new probe of neutron skin thickness

The correlation between neutron-to-proton yield ratio (R_np) and neutron skin thickness (δ_np) in neutron-rich projectile induced reactions is investigated within the framework of the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics (IQMD) model. The density distribution of the Droplet model is embedded in the initialization of the neutron and proton densities in the present IQMD model. By adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density in the Droplet model for the projectile, the relationship between the neutron skin thickness and the corresponding R_np is obtained. The results show strong linear correlation between R_np and δ_np for neutron-rich Ca and Ni isotopes. It is suggested that R_np may be used as an experimental observable to extract δ_np for neutron-rich nuclei, which is very interesting in the study of the nuclear structure of exotic nuclei, the equation of state (EOS) of asymmetric nuclear matter and neutron-rich matter in astrophysics, etc.     

2000kV电子帘加速器的电子束轨迹的计算

采用法国的ＭＡＦＩＡ程序计算电场。编制了ＴＲＡＪ程序，用逐点跟踪计算电子轨迹，得到了束流包络。观察了在高压电场中栅压对束流光学传输的影响，并获得了在不同能量范围内的栅压聚焦作用，为册压调节提供了理论依据，也为将来对其它规格的电子帘加速器的物理设计积累了十分宝贵的经验。     

气相外延GaN的拉曼散射

测量了在蓝宝石衬底上气相外延生长GaN的拉曼散射谱.除观察到已被确认的两个E2,一个A1(TO)和一个E1(TO)声于振动以外,在734±3cm-1处观察到一个散射峰且从实验上确认其为GaN的纵向光学声子模E1(LO).而且发现其强度与外延层晶体质量密切相关.A1(TO)和高频E2散射峰相对强度变化显示不同生长条件引起的外延层质量的变化.     

珠算基本加减法的教学探索

基本加减法是加减法中的常规运算方法，能否快速准确地掌握其运算技巧，是学好珠算的前提．     

Investigation of Exotic Structure of the Largely Deformed Nucleus ^23A1 in the Relativistic-Mean-Field Model

A candidate for proton halo nucleus ^23A1 is investigated based on the constrained calculations in the framework of the de[ormed relativistic mean tield (RMF) model with the NL075 parameter set. It is shown by the constrained calculations that the ground state of ^23A1 has a large deformation that corresponds to the prolate shape. With that large deformation, the non-constrained RMF calculation predicts that there appears an inversion between the 2s1/2 [211] and ld5/2 [202] shells. The valence proton of ^23A] is weakly bound and occupies 2s1/2 [211] and ld5/2 [202] with the weights of 56% and 29%, respectively. The calculated RMS radius for matter is in agreement with the experimental one. It is also predicted that the difference between the proton RMS radius and the neutron one is very large, This suggests that there exists a proton hMo in ^23Al.