Ni/Ce-ZrO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂上高温焦炉煤气中焦油组分的常压加氢裂解

采用分步浸渍法制备了Ni/Ce-ZrO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂,并采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、N2物理吸附和程序升温还原等方法对其进行了表征.该催化剂在以甲苯和萘为焦油模拟化合物的高温焦炉煤气常压加氢裂解反应中表现出良好的催化性能和一定的耐硫能力.在较低的水/碳摩尔比(S/C=0.44)条件下,甲苯和萘能够完全转化为小分子气体.向Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂中加入适量的铈锆氧化物,能促使催化剂表面形成尺寸更小的镍纳米晶粒,并有效地抑制镍晶粒烧结,从而显著提高催化剂的稳定性.该类催化剂有望应用于具有较低水/碳摩尔比的高温焦炉煤气中焦油的直接除去.     

阻抑动力学分光光度法测定微量碘

基于在稀磷酸介质中,痕量碘离子对亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化甲基红的的阻抑作用,提出了测定痕量碘离子的阻抑动力学分光光度分析的方法.测定碘离子的线性范围在0.66 mg·L-1以内,检出限(3Sb/K)为7.5×10-6g·L-1.用于海带及食盐中微量碘的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.4%～2.2%之间,测得方法的回收率为99.7%～100.1%.     

NiO/MgxSi1-xOy 催化剂的制备及其在高温焦炉煤气中焦油组分催化裂解中的应用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了MgO和SiO2的二元复合氧化物载体,通过浸渍法制得NiO/MgxSi1-xOy催化剂,并使用Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等时其进行表征.以甲苯和萘的混合物作为高温焦炉煤气中焦油组分的模型化合物,在固定床反应器中进行高温焦炉煤气中焦油组分催化裂解的研究.结果表明,催化剂的焙烧温度、反应空速以及载体中Mg和Si的原子比对反应活性有很大的影响.在反应温度800℃、水碳摩尔比为0.7的条件下,10%(w)NiO/Mg0.80Si0.20Oy催化剂能将甲苯和萘完全转化为CO、CH4等小分子气体,显示出很好的催化活性、稳定性以及好的抗积炭性能.     

荧光猝灭法测定次黄嘌呤及机理研究

研究了次黄嘌呤猝灭伊文思蓝的荧光猝灭机理并根据次黄嘌呤对伊文思蓝荧光的猝灭作用建立了测定次黄嘌呤的新方法.线性回归方程为:ρ=6.292×103F-1-26.49,相关系数为0.9990,线性范围为0.20～20.0 μg/mL,检出限为0.14 μg/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%.求算了伊文思蓝与次黄嘌呤的形成常数K=2.63×102L/moL,实验了pH、放置时间、干扰离子等对测定的影响.     

核壳结构AlOOH的制备、表征及其生长机制

在柠檬酸钠和硝酸铝水溶液体系中, 通过一步水热法制备了蜷缩刺猬状和核壳结构的AlOOH微球, 并用X射线衍射(XRD)、Fourier变换红外(FTIR)光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、氮气吸脱附和光致发光等分析手段对制备的样品进行了形貌和结构表征. 对反应时间、反应物浓度等影响因素进行了研究. 实验结果表明: 反应时间和反应物柠檬酸钠的浓度对所得AlOOH微球结构的尺寸和形貌具有重要影响; 蜷缩刺猬状和核壳结构AlOOH微球都具有较大的比表面积, 分别为171.5和178.6 m2·g-1; 不同形貌的AlOOH具有不同的荧光发射峰. 并初步探讨了核壳结构AlOOH微球的生长机制.     

电流与磁场互生关系的假想与应用

在电流与磁场互生及相互作用关系判断上,目前有安培定则、左手定则、右手定则,但对于电流与磁场互生及相互作用的内在机理却没有探讨。本文从微观假想电子磁场及其特性,通过假想解释了电子、电流、磁场及其相互作用的内在机理。通过内在机理解释了电流与磁场的安培定则、左手定则、右手定则等不同的外在表现形式,并通过内在机理的假想推导出电流与磁场存在的某些特性,以供深一步的研究和探索。     

Dressed Dark Solitons of the Defocusing Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation

The nonlinear Schrodinger equation is proved to be consistent-tanh-expansion （CTE） solvable. Some types of dark soliton solutions dressed by cnoidal periodic waves are obtained by means of the CTE method.     

Interactions between Solitons and Cnoidal Periodic Waves of the Gardner Equation

The Gardner equation is one of the most important prototypic models in nonlinear physics. Many scholars pay much attention to the Gardner equation and various nonlinear excitations of the Gardner equation have been found by many methods. However, it is very difficult to find interaction solutions among different types of nonlinear excitations. In this work, with the help of the Riccati equation, the Gardner equation is solved by the consistent Riccati expansion. Furthermore, we obtain the soliton-cnoidal wave interaction solutions of the Gardner equation.     

227-W output all-fiberized Tm-doped fiber laser at 1908 nm

In this paper, we report that a diode-pumped thulium-doped double clad silica fiber laser can provide powers of up to 227 W at 1908 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 54.3%, and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 51.2%. The output power, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest output at 1908 nm. The beam quality M2 factor is about 1.56. Also discussed in this paper is the dependence of the laser performance on fiber length.     

Effect of noncircular orifice plates on the near flow field of turbulent free jets

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the near-field flow characteristics of turbulent free jets respectively issued from circular, triangular, diamond, rectangular, and notched-rectangular orifice plates into air surroundings. All the orifice plates have identical opening areas or equivalent diameters（De） and their aspect ratios（AR） range from 1 to 6.5. Planar particle image velocimetry（PIV） is used to measure the velocity field at the same Reynolds number of Re = 5 × 10^4,where Re = Ue De/ν with Ue being the exit bulk velocity and ν the kinematic viscosity of fluid. The mean and turbulent velocity fields of all the five jets are compared in detail. Results show that the noncircular jets can enhance the entrainment rate, reflected by the higher acceleration rates of mean velocity decay and spread, shorten the length of the unmixed core,expedite the increase of turbulent intensity compared with the circular counterpart shortened unmixed core, and increase turbulent intensity comparing to the circular counterpart. Among the five jets, the rectangular jet（AR = 6.5） produces the greatest decay rate of the near-field mean velocity, postpones the position at which the 鈥榓xis-switching鈥檖henomenon occurs. This supports that axis switching phenomenon strongly depends on jet initial conditions. In addition, the hump in the centerline variation of the turbulence intensity is observed in the rectangular and triangular jets, but not in the circular jet, nor in diamond jet nor in notched-rectangular jet.