G-四链体DNA稳定剂的研究进展

人体端粒由富含鸟嘌呤(G)的DNA重复序列组成,该序列在一定的条件下可以形成G-四链体DNA的结构.小分子化合物诱导该结构的形成并使之稳定,不但可以抑制端粒酶的活性或降低癌基因的转录表达而达到抗肿瘤的目的,还可以作为G-四链体DNA的探针,辅助G-四链体DNA生物功能的研究及与之相关疾病的诊断.因此,G-四链体DNA稳定剂的设计是近年来化学生物学的重要前沿领域之一.到目前为止,G-四链体DNA稳定剂主要可分为有机小分子化合物和金属配合物.本文重点综述这两方面特别是后者的最新研究进展.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测DNA中3-甲基腺嘌呤和3-乙基腺嘌呤

利用阳离子交换固相萃取柱(Waters Oasis MCX)富集净化DNA样品,建立了液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)同时检测DNA中3-甲基腺嘌呤(N3-MeA)和3-乙基腺嘌呤(N3-EtA)的方法。采用氘代-3-甲基腺嘌呤(d3-N3-MeA)和氘代-3-乙基腺嘌呤(d5-N3-EtA)为内标;进样量3μL,分析时间为13 min;亲水相互作用色谱柱(Waters XBridge HILIC)进行液相分离,流动相为10 mmol/L甲酸铵-乙腈溶液(5∶95,V/V,pH=4.0),流速250μL/min;质谱条件:电喷雾离子源,多反应监测正离子扫描方式;电喷雾电压:5500 V,雾化气:369 Pa,气帘气:185 Pa,电离温度:400℃,驻留时间:40 ms。本方法对N3-MeA和N3-EtA的检出限分别为0.043和0.007μg/L,方法回收率为87.8%~103.0%。采用本方法检测了卷烟烟气粒相物暴露的DNA中N3-MeA和N3-EtA含量。结果表明,卷烟烟气粒相物暴露后的小牛胸腺DNA中3-甲基腺嘌呤和3-乙基腺嘌呤可被本方法定量检出。     

四氯苯醌与嘧啶类核酸碱基的光化学氢抽取和电子转移反应

采用纳秒时间分辨的激光闪光光解实验技术,研究了四氯苯醌(TCBQ)分子与两种嘧啶核酸碱基(胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶)分子在355nm激发下的光化学反应动力学. 355 nm将TCBQ分子布居到激发三重态³TCBQ^*,高反应活性的³TCBQ^*与碱基分子发生两个平行的反应,氢抽取反应和电子转移反应,分别对应生成瞬态光谱上观测到的两个光反应产物TCBQH·和TCBQ·^-. 这两个反应同时生成的碱基自由基和碱基阳     

胸腺嘧啶低能量VUV光解离路径的实验和理论研究

利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱和理论计算研究了胸腺嘧啶的光解离反应路径, 通过改变光子能量得到不同的质谱信号, 光子能量在12.0 eV时主要的碎片有m/z=98 (C₄H₆N₂₄O⁺)、97 (C₄H₅N₂O⁺)、84 (C₃H₄N₂O⁺或C<     

Synthesis of core-shell structured Au@Bi2S3 nanorod and its application as DNA immobilization matrix for electrochemical biosensor construction

The core-shell structured Au@Bi2S3 nanorods have been prepared through direct in-situ growth of Bi2S3 at the surface of pre-synthesized gold nanorods.The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.Then the obtained Au@Bi2S3 nanorods were coated onto glassy carbon electrode to act as a scaffold for fabrication of electrochemical DNA biosensor on the basis of the coordination of-NH2 modified on 5’-end of probe DNA and Au@Bi2S3.Electrochemical characterization assays demonstrate that the Au@Bi2S3 nanorods behave as an excellent electronic transport channel to promote the electron transfer kinetics and increase the effective surface area by their nanosize effect.The hybridization experiments reveal that the Au@Bi2S3 matrix-based DNA biosensor is capable of recognizing complementary DNA over a wide concentration ranging from 10 fmol/L to 1 nmol/L.The limit of detection was estimated to be 2 fmol/L(S/N=3).The biosensor also presents remarkable selectivity to distinguish fully complementa ry sequences from basemismatched and non-complementary ones,showing great promising in practical application.     

一种便携快速测量水中铅和镉含量的仪器-ANDalyze

快速测量污染水中重金属元素含量对于监测野外突发污染至关重要.建立了使用以生物酶（DNA酶）为原理的便捷仪器快速测定污染水中铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）元素含量的方法.使用生物酶传感器对标准溶液进行测量,根据溶液推荐和测量浓度之间的线性关系对仪器进行校准后,可测量的质量浓度范围:Pb为2~100 μg/L,Cd为0.1~1.0 mg/L.仪器可以在3~5 min内方便快速完成重金属的现场测量,使用DNA酶可以快速获得污染水中的微量金属元素含量,有利于野外重金属污染的即时测量.     

Fluorescence Signal Amplification Strategies Based on DNA Nanotechnology for miRNA Detection

In this review,the most recent progresses in the field of fluorescence signal amplification strategies based on DNA nanotechnology for miRNA are summarized.The types of signal amplification are given and the principles of amplification strategies are explained,including rolling circle amplification(RCA),catalytic hairpin assembly(CHA),hybridization chain reaction(HCR)and DNA walker.Subsequently,the application of these signal amplification methods in biosensing and bioimaging are covered and described.Finally,the challenges and the outlook of fluorescence signal amplification methods for miRNA detection are briefly commented.     

Multivalent Aptamer-modified DNA Origami as Drug Delivery System for Targeted Cancer Therapy

In spite of great development in nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems(DDSs)for improved therapeutic efficacy,it remains challenging for effective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to targeted tumor cells.In this work,we report a triangle DNA origami as targeted DDS for cancer therapy.DNA origami shows excellent biocompatibility and stability in cell culture medium for 24 h.In addition,the DNA origami structures conjugated with multivalent aptamers enable for efficient delivery of anticancer drug doxorubicin(Dox)into targeted cancer cell due to their targeting function,reducing side effects associated with nonspecific distribution.Moreover,we also demonstrated that the multivalent aptamer-modified DNA origami loading Dox exhibits prominent therapeutic efficacy in vitro.Accordingly,this work provides a good paradigm for the development of DNA origami nanostructure-based targeted DDS for cancer therapy.     

Reconfigurable Plasmonic Nanostructures Controlled by DNA Origami

Precise surface functionalization and reconfigurable capability of nanomaterials are essential to construct complex nanostructures with specific functions.Here we show tire assembly of a reconfigurable plasmonic nanostructure,which executes both conformational and plasmonic changes in response to DNA strands.In this work,different sized gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)were arranged site-specifically on the surface of a DNA origami clamp nanostructure.The opening and closing of the DNA origami clamp could be precisely controlled by a series of strand emplacement reactions.Therefore,the patterns of these AuNPs could be switched between two different configura-tions.The observed plasmon band shift indicates the change of the plasmonic interactions among the assembled AuNPs.Our study achieves the construction of reconfigurable nanomaterials with tunable plasmonic interactions,and will enrich the toolbox of DNA-based functional nanomachinery.     

2-(4’-羧基苯基)咪唑-4,5-二羧酸构筑的稀土(Gd,Dy)MOFs的合成、晶体结构及与DNA作用

由2-(4’-羧基苯基)咪唑-4,5-二羧酸(HCPhIDC,C12H8N2O6,H4L)和稀土硝酸盐合成了两个稀土配合物[Ln(HCPhIDC)(H2O)2]·3H2O(Ln=Gd(1),Dy(2)),通过元素分析、红外光谱对其进行表征,用单晶X射线衍射方法测定了配合物的晶体结构。结构分析表明:两种晶体属于异质同晶型,同属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,具有(3,6)-双节点的二维(43)(46·66·83)拓扑结构。测定了配体和配合物与EBDNA体系的作用,结果表明:配体本身对DNA的插入作用很强,而在与稀土离子形成配合物以后,其插入作用反而减弱,这是由于配体本身的分子结构具有良好的平面性,可以很好地插入到DNA的双螺旋结构中,当形成配合物后,整个分子的平面性反而降低了,从而导致插入作用减弱,因此猝灭常数大大降低。