头相关传递函数测试新方法

正头相关传递函数(Head-related transfer function,HRTF)描述了自由声场的声波从声源发出传播到双耳的过程中由于人体反射和散射引起的信号频谱改变。HRTF在双耳定位、虚拟声像合成以及串音消除的研究中发挥着重要的作用。在有关HRTF的研究工作中,HRTF数据库的获取是一个重要的问题。HRTF是高度个性化的。为了使得测试数据具有足够的空间分辨率,需要在一系列的仰角和方位角进     

Application and measurement of underwater acoustic reciprocity transfer functions in reverberant sound field

The reciprocity measurement theory in anomalous reverberant sound fields was investigated.An improved method Was proposed due to the interrelated errors.The source volume velocity Was corrected by spatial average of measurement results and evaluation of the reverberant sound field influence on acoustic energy density.The result was validated in underwater experiment,corrected reciprocity measurement results were almost the same as direct measurement results.It indicates that reverberant sound field does not affect the validitv of the principle,but influences the obtainment of source volume velocity,then influences the measurement of transfer functions with the principle.The proposed method is simple and effective in anomalous reverberant sound fields.The study mav be valuable for the applications which are based on the principle.     

The application of laser reflective tomography in near-field measurements of ultrasonic transducers

With Laser Reflective Tomography（LRT）,the near fields of ultrasonic transducers were measured and analyzed.The principle of LRT measurement of ultrasonic field distribution was introduced and an experimental system was set up.Acoustic pressure of a multiple element piston transducer was measured by using of a laser vibrometer.Its distribution in amplitude and phase was obtained.The acoustic pressure in the same region was measured with a needle hydrophone to validate the LRT method.Furthermore,through reconstruction of acoustic fields,it indicated that LRT method is suitable for predicting the distribution on transducers＇surface and conditions of active elements.     

1-3型二维柱形凹面线聚焦换能器声场特性

设计并研制了柱面结构的1-3型复合材料凹面线聚焦换能器,在提高换能器带宽的同时,可以实现声场的线聚焦。将换能器内部PZT柱作为独立声源,应用瑞利积分和叠加原理,推导出了柱形凹面换能器总声场的理论表达式。通过仿真计算分析了换能器在聚焦线上的声场特点以及相关参数对聚焦性能的影响。对换能器参数做出合理设计,使换能器在实现线聚焦的同时,声场在聚焦线上的起伏较小,从而设计并制作出聚焦性能良好的线聚焦凹面换能器探头。实验测试结果表明采用本文方法计算得到的换能器声场与实测的声场分布基本符合,柱形凹面换能器在其几何焦点附近范围内均可实现聚焦,并在侧向上形成清晰的聚焦线,其聚焦线长度为换能器的侧向结构长度,在聚焦线上声场分布起伏较小。      

高压换流站交流滤波器组相干噪声源声功率反演*

针对高压换流站内交流滤波器组相干噪声源的声功率难以确定的问题,本文提出了一种基于几何声学理论的声功率反演方法。该方法采用可同时考虑噪声源强度和相位的几何声学理论建立相干声场模型,在此基础上构建声功率反演模型,通过寻找使声学模型输出和实测数据差异最小的声源参数（强度和相位）,实现了对相干噪声源声功率的反演。数值仿真和实验数据验证了该方法的有效性。     

“养殖池塘污染底泥的生物生态修复”项目顺利通过鉴定

2月25日，宁波市海洋与渔业局受宁波市科技局委托，在新兴大酒店召开了由我校生命学院陆开宏教授主持承担的“池塘零排放健康养殖系统研究——养殖池塘污染底泥的生物生态修复”项目鉴定会．该项目通过在室内模拟、池塘围隔和虾池养殖等不同条件下开展修复养殖池塘污染底泥的系统性试验，表明载体微生物能加速底泥及上覆水体中有机质的分解，改善池塘生态环境，提高对虾养殖产量．项目以60．4亩南美白对虾精养海、淡水池塘为试验池，使用载体微生物后，     

基于Phong模式的分裂Monte Carlo模拟红外室内信道脉冲响应函数

介绍了基于Phong模式的Monte Carlo方法.该方法能够对红外室内通信的重要性能参数—— 信道脉冲响应函数进行快速有效的计算，可应用于包括漫反射、镜面反射以及粗糙度介于这 两种反射之间的表面反射情形的信道中.相对于经典的有限元法，在高次反射时具有更为明 显的优势，不但计算速度快，而且计算结果也更接近真实信道环境.该方法的使用，能够为 设计高性能红外系统提供更为可靠的参数. 关键词： 红外室内通信 脉冲响应函数 分裂Monte Carlo Phong 模式     

Theoretical study of acoustic field patterns of 2-D ultrasound phased arrays for hyperthermia therapy

Acoustic field patterns of 2-D ultrasound phased arrays for the high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) hyperthermia therapy are studied, and controlling algorithms of field patterns are provided. The 2-D phased array using the conventional single-focus scanning pattern can exactly control the focal distance and the steering direction of the beam, but in general produce a single focus. Extremely high intensity levels will be needed when this pattern is used to treat large tumors. However, a direct synthesis method of the acoustic field based on the pseudo-inverse matrix can produce the multiple-focus field pattern. The rectangular radiator method of the acoustic field was used to simulate the single-focus scanning pattern and the multiple-focus pattern which are produced by a 2-D phased array consisting of 20×20 elements, and simulation results show that the 2-D array using the multiple-focus pattern can produce several foci with lower intensity levels simultaneously. Furthermore, the improved eigenvec     

如何控制甲醛对室内环境的污染

控制室内环境中的甲醛污染，应该坚持从装修前入手。首先确定合理的设计方案。设计师在选择设计方案时，必须符合环保的要求。选择装饰材料要符合国家环保的标准。特别是房间的地面材料，最好不要大面积使用同一种材料。要合理计算室内空间的甲醛承载量和装修材料的使用量。要选择科学的施工工艺。注意选择对室内环境污染小的施工工艺，除了特殊要求以外，一般不要在复合地板下面铺装大芯板，用大芯板打的柜子和暖气罩，里面一定要用甲醛捕捉剂进行处理，油漆最好选用漆膜比较厚、封闭性好的。     

SJTU-1型医用超声诊断设备声输出测量系统的研制

本系统地研究了医用超声诊断设各声输出公布要求的国家标准GB16846—1997(idt.IEC61157—1992)中规定的主要指标的定义和测量方法，给出了相关的计算公式。介绍了为实施国标而研制的专用测量设备SJTU-1型医用超声设备声输出测量系统的工作原理、系统构成和技术性能。