孔洞和孪晶界对银纳米线形变行为联合影响的分子动力学模拟

Based on molecular dynamics simulations, the plastic deformation of silver nanowires under uniaxial tension has been studied systematically. In this paper, the mechanical properties of [111]-oriented twin nanowires with different hole sizes have been studied. The existence of holes has no effect on the elastic deformation stage. The hole on the twin boundary has two main roles in the plastic deformation stage. During the initial stages of plastic deformation, the main function of the hole is to produce new dislocations as dislocation sources at small hole sizes.Upon increasing the hole size, the main effect changes to stop dislocation slip. During the late stages of plastic deformation, the two functions of the hole complement each other, upon increasing the hole size, the function of the hole as dislocation sources becomes obvious, leading to weakening of the plasticity of the nanowires.     

微波调控石墨烯-碳纳米管协同增强聚氨酯损伤自修复研究

首先采用溶液共混法制备出石墨烯-碳纳米管(G-CNT)/聚氨酯(TPU)复合材料,然后通过拉伸实验及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征来考察该材料的拉伸强度和微波自修复特性,并从力学及材料与微波之间的相互作用等角度对其拉伸强度增强和微波修复机理进行研究.结果表明:在拉伸强度方面,与单一的石墨烯或CNT增强TPU相比,G-CNT之间形成的协同效应使TPU拉伸强度得到进一步提高,当石墨烯和CNT的质量比为3∶1时,G-CNT/TPU抗拉强度较纯TPU提高了67%,较G/TPU提高了18%,较CNT/TPU提高了25%;在材料裂纹的微波修复方面,石墨烯和CNT之间的协同效应使TPU材料自修复效果得到有效提高,当石墨烯和CNT的质量比为3∶1时,G-CNT/TPU修复效果达到最高值117%.     

拉伸到大核间距的分子离子谐波辐射谱上复杂干涉结构的物理起源

通过数值和解析的方法研究了拉伸到大核间距的分子离子的高次谐波辐射,重点研究了与短轨道贡献相关的谐波辐射谱的精细结构.研究结果表明,大核间距分子离子的短轨道谐波辐射谱呈现了复杂的干涉结构.通过利用一个考虑了电荷共振效应的强场近似模型,可以分辨这些复杂的干涉结构的物理起源:谐波辐射谱上一些干涉最小来源于电离过程中的两中心干涉效应,而另外一些干涉最小来源于再结合过程中的两中心干涉效应,电离干涉最小与再结合干涉最小交替出现.与电离过程不同,再结合过程中,库仑加速会显著改变再结合电子的德布罗意波长,从而改变干涉最小的位置.     

Al基反射膜的激光损伤阈值研究北大核心CSCD

为研究金属Al保护、单周期及双周期增强反射膜在5ns脉宽的532nm激光器下的激光损伤阈值(LIDT),采用Comsol软件进行仿真及分析,仿真过程引入SiO2和Ta2O5的拉伸强度(膜层断裂应力)作为阈值条件,得到三种膜系的损伤阈值分别为0.318J/cm^(2)、1.325J/cm^(2)和3.382J/cm^(2),通过搭建实验平台进行激光阈值测试,采用1-on-1模式,选取50%概率的激光损伤点作为损伤阈值,测得激光功率分别为0.288J/cm^(2)、1.232J/cm^(2)及3.152J/cm^(2),与仿真结果较为接近,说明采用拉伸强度分析的该类模型更符合实际损伤,为此类膜系在实际应用中阈值的预测提供了理论基础。     

硅烷功能化石墨烯/硅树脂纳米复合材料的制备与表征

先用乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(A-171)和二甲肼改性并还原氧化石墨烯(GO),制备A-171功能化的石墨烯(FG).研究结果表明A-171与GO上的羟基发生了反应,以共价键连接到了石墨烯的表面;FG能在四氢呋喃中均匀分散并且剥离成厚度约为0.9 nm的单一片层,其干燥后表面呈褶皱状.然后将FG与双组分硅树脂用溶液共混法制备了FG/硅树脂纳米复合材料.运用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、动态热机械分析、拉伸试验等手段分析了复合材料的形态与性能,结果表明,与未处理过的石墨烯相比,FG在复合材料中有更好的分散和更强的界面作用.含0.5 wt%FG的复合材料的拉伸强度较硅树脂提高了87.7%,玻璃化温度提高了23.9℃,失重5%时的温度也提高了20.1℃.     

利用结论巧解“甲虫和橡胶带”问题

贵刊的《均匀拉伸的橡胶带上任意一点的速度公式》[1]一文,通过高等数学的微积分知识推导出了在任意时刻t橡胶带上各位置x处的对地速度,但没有求出总时间.本文将给出一个数学结论,同时     

The effect of intragranular microstress in A1203-SiC nanocomposites

A theoretical model is established to investigate the intragranular particle residual stress in A1203-SiC nanocom-posites. Using this model, we calculate the average compressive stress on the A1203 grain boundary （GB） and the average tensile stress within A1203 grains caused by SiC nanoparticles. The normal compressive stress strengthens the GB, and the average tensile stress weakens the grains. The model gives a reasonable interpretation of the strength changes of A1203-SiC nanocomposites with the number of SiC particles.     

有限宽板孔边弹塑性变形测试

测量应变集中区域的弹塑性变形，对于研究材料损伤或微裂纹的产生，以预防宏观裂纹的产生及扩展具有重要的意义。为给航空发动机轮盘的损伤容限设计研究提供相关材料的力学实验参数，做了两个有限宽中心带孔试件的拉伸试验。试验中，采用单调逐级加、卸栽的循环加栽方式，并应用自动网格法和数字图像相关技术测量了孔用的全场位移分布。再应用最小二乘法将离散的位移分量拟合成二元多项式函数，求解出拉伸方向的应变分布，并给出孔边应力σ与孔边应变εy的关系曲线。     

Theoretical Studies on Structures and Properties of Endohedral Fullerenes Complexes： XHn@C32（X=F,O, N,C; n=l-4）

Theoretical studies on structures and properties of endohedral fullerene complexes formed by encapsulating small molecules of HF, H20, NH3, and CH4 in a C32 fullerene cage, were carried out by ab initio method. Current calculations reveal that these processes to encase them in fullerene are energetically unfavorable because of the small cavity size of C32. The red shift in the F-H stretching frequency indicates the potential existence of hydrogen bonding between the HF molecule and the carbon cage.