矩阵预滤波器在抗运动干扰中的应用研究

自适应波束形成器容易受到运动干扰和观测方向偏差的影响,针对该问题提出了一种基于矩阵预滤波的零陷展宽稳健波束形成算法。首先分析了矩阵预滤波器在抗运动干扰时的适应性,并利用矩阵预滤波器在运动干扰所在区域形成凹槽。利用椭圆投影定理计算预滤波后的导向矢量不确定集,在新的导向矢量不确定集下利用稳健Capon波束形成算法(RCB)寻找最优导向矢量。仿真分析表明,和RCB算法相比,该算法不仅获得更高的输出信干噪比,还获得了预先设定的展宽零陷。     

Mode Transition of Vacuum Arc Discharge and Its Effect on Ion Current

The mode transition of a pulsed vacuum arc discharge, which is from vacuum surface flashover to non-surface vacuum breakdown or vice versa, is studied by simply adjusting a trigger resistor. This approach provides a possibility to research the transition discharge process. Since the transition process is smooth and controllable, the transition mechanism and its effect on the performance of an ion source can be investigated via various diagnosis experiments. The experimental results show that the mode transition occurs when the resistance is in the range of 0- 10Ω. With the mode transition from surface flashover to non-surface vacuum breakdown, the vacuum arc discharge becomes more intense and the ion current produced by the Ti cathode ion source increases by two times. The related physical mechanism is also discussed in detail.     

化工原理实验室建设的改革与实践

化工实验室是帮助学生巩固理论知识,掌握化工实验操作技能,培养理论联系实际,综合分析问题和解决问题能力的重要基地。本文主要介绍化工原理实验室建设中的一些新举措。     

橙汁类饮料中橙皮苷、柚皮苷含量的测定

建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定橙汁中橙皮苷和柚皮苷的方法,并对不同厂家生产的橙汁饮料中橙皮苷和柚皮苷进行了比较.采用SHIMADZUVPODS(4.6 mm×150 nn,5μm)色谱柱;V(乙腈):V(磷酸水溶液)=22:78(pH 3.5)为流动相,流速为1.2 Ml/min;检测波长为283 nm.结果待测组分与其他组分分离度良好(>1.5),橙皮苷和柚皮苷线性范围分别为2.8～56.0 μg/mL和0.43～8.6μg/mL,橙皮苷和柚皮苷的平均回收率分别为99.9%,98.9%,RsD分别为1.9%,1.3%.     

Penning型负氢离子源诊断

 为了给小型医用回旋加速器提供负氢离子,研制了一台Penning型负氢离子源。采用发射光谱法对该负氢离子源进行了诊断,同时结合离子源功率变化对离子源工作状态进行了分析。实验测量了不同氢气流量、离子源弧流及磁场条件下,该离子源等离子体氢原子巴尔末系中前三条谱线的相对光强和离子源功率变化,分析了不同工作条件对离子源工作状态的影响。结果表明：在可调节范围内,该离子源的工作状态主要受氢气流量的影响,对离子源弧流及磁场的变化不敏感。     

Spectrum-Induced Changes in Non-Paraxial Property of Ultrashort Pulsed Beam

A spatiotemporal non-paraxial correction to the paraxial solution of ultrashort pulsed beam is obtained by using the Fourier transform and the Taylor expansion. By studying the propagation of an isodiffracting pulsed Gaussian beam with different pulse shapes, we find that there are spectrum-induced changes in the non-paraxial propagation of the pulsed beam. We analyse the influence of pulse spectrum on the non-paraxial property of the ultrashort pulsed beam and explain it base on the paraxial approximation condition.     

基于密度泛函理论研究二元排斥Yukawa流体的表面结构性质

基于自由能密度泛函理论(DFT)考察了二元排斥Yukawa (HCRY)流体在不同外场下的密度分布. 基于微扰理论, 体系的Helmholtz自由能泛函采用硬球排斥部分和长程色散部分贡献之和, 其中Kierlik和Rosinberg的加权密度近似(WDA)被用来计算硬球排斥部分, 而色散部分采用平均场理论(MFT)进行描述. 为了验证DFT计算结果的合理性, 研究中采用巨正则Monte Carlo(GCMC)模拟计算了在不同主体相密度、硬核直径和位能参数比的条件下二元HCRY混合流体的密度分布. 结果表明, 该DFT计算结果与GCMC模拟值吻合良好.     

固连于可控旋转平台相机的外参标定

为了进行大视场角的测量任务,可以将相机安装在运动精确可控的平台上,以平台的姿态运动来扩展相机的视场角。相机相对于平台的位姿关系的精确标定是保证测量结果准确的前提。本文主要利用一维标志物体,根据成像关系,建立了外参标定的约束方程;发展了线性求解外参的方法,以及非线性优化的标定方法。为了克服线性法正交性差,以及非线性优化法不能求解平移向量的缺点,总结出了组合求解法,该方法可以应用于仅能够作旋转运动的平台。数值模拟和实验结果均表明姿态角的标定精度较高,而平移向量则对噪声十分敏感。最后分析了算法偶尔出现奇异的原因。     

测量离子束横向截面的闪烁体屏的热分析

针对基于闪烁屏-CCD(电荷耦合元件)相机的氘离子束横向强度分布测量系统,利用ANSYS软件模拟计算了在直流及脉冲模式下,能量100 keV、束斑直径3 mm氘离子轰击造成的Al₂O₃, SiO₂以及锗酸铋(BGO)三种候选闪烁体材料的表面温度变化。结果表明,在30 μA的直流氘离子束轰击下,闪烁体表面温度随辐照时间急剧地升高。持续时间10 min的氘离子束轰击将使三种材料前表面的温度分别升高131,234和649 ℃。对于峰值流强30 μA、重复频率1 Hz、脉宽5 μs的重复频率脉冲氘离子束,每个脉冲引起的三种闪烁屏表面的温度升高均小于0.05 ℃,且长时间的离子辐照基本不会造成闪烁屏的表面温度有明显的升高。对于脉宽5 μs的单脉冲氘离子束,三种材料的表面温度均随离子流强近似呈线性地增加。在单脉冲模式下,Al₂O₃,SiO₂以及BGO闪烁屏能允许的最高离子流强分别为2.32,1.08和0.72 A,超过此流强其表面温度将达到熔点。     

Variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry and its applications in determining optical constants of chalcogenide glasses in infrared

The principle of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry(VASE) and the data analysis models, as well as the applications of VASE in the characterization of chalcogenide bulk glasses and thin films are reviewed. By going through the literature and summarizing the application scopes of various analysis models, it is found that a combination of various models, rather than any single data analysis model, is ideal to characterize the optical constants of the chalcogenide bulk glasses and thin films over a wider wavelength range. While the reliable optical data in the mid-and far-infrared region are limited, the VASE is flexible and reliable to solve the issues, making it promising to characterize the optical properties of chalcogenide glasses.