A Simpler and More Precise Data Processing Method of SPIDER and Its Apparatus Design

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　　Ｔｈｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｔｈａｔｃａｎｍｅａｓｕｒｅｔｈｅｐｈａｓｅａｎｄｔｈｅ ｐｕｌｓｅｄｕｒａｔｉｏｎｍａｉｎｌｙｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｔｈｅＦＲＯＧ[1] (ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙ -ｒｅｓｏｌｖｅｄｏｐｔｉｃａｌｇａｔｉｎｇ)ａｎｄｔｈｅＳＰＩＤＥＲ[2 ] (ｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌ ｐｈａｓｅｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｏｍｅｔｒｙｆｏｒｄｉｒｅｃｔｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ ｆｉｅｌｄｒｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ) .ＦＲＯＧ[1] ｕｓｅｓｔｈｅｕｎｋｎｏｗｎｐｕｌｓｅｉｔｓｅｌｆａｓａｔｉｍｅ ｄｅｌａｙｅｄ ｇａ…     

X射线荧光全息术中记录全息图的角度范围对原子像的影响

X射线荧光全息术,通过记录样品的荧光全息图并利用计算机重构,能够得到晶体内部原子的三维排列信息,这对于材料科学将有着非凡的意义.理论上,在一个X射线荧光全息实验中,实验者必须在4π立体角范围内高角度分辨率地探测荧光的强度,才能得到高空间分辨率的三维的原子像.但在实际的X射线荧光全息实验中,因为实验的装置安排限制,不允许探测到整个球面上的荧光强度振幅.因为取样范围的不完全而引起的全息信息的损失将直接导致重构的原子像失真.本文通过数值模拟在不同角度范围和取样步长情况下铁单晶的X射线荧光全息图并对其进行数字重构,研究了记录全息图的角度范围及取样步长对重构得到的原子像的影响.方位角范围的不完全导致原子像在x和y方向上被拉长,而且导致原子像的亮度不均匀.而极角范围的不完全则导致了原子像在z方向上被拉长.至于步长的影响,则是可以忽略的,如果步长不是太大的话.     

Interaction of intense laser pulses with atomic clusters at different gas densities

The interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with rare gas clusters was studied experimentally,the time-of-flight spectra of ions from exploding clusters at different gas densities have been measured. It is found that while the relative components of ions inlow and high energy of the ion energy spectrum decrease with the increase of the gas density,the average ion energies are the same for different gas densities,which indicates that the effect of gas density on laser-cluster interaction is not important under our experimental conditions.     

A Simpler and More Precise Data Processing Method of SPIDER and Its Apparatus Design

To measure the characteristics of ultrashort laser pulse, an apparatus design and its data processing based on SPIDER are put forward. In this method, the data processing is very simple and only basic mathematic calculation is needed. Furthermore, the pulse to be measured is avoided to pass through any dispersive structure before it arrives at the nonlinear crystal in the designed apparatus. In such a design, the pulse duration less than 10fs can be measured precisely.     

Errata： A Method for Distinguishing Attosecond Single Pulse from Attosecond Pulse Train

In our recent Letter, we made some mistakes in our calculation. The interference between the two pulses should be considered and the spectrum will contain fringes. However, the two-colour field assisted XUV photoionization remains valid and the conclusion in the Letter remains correct.     

Flat-top phase-matched high-order harmonics in gas-filled cell

Phase-matched high-order harmonic generation in Ar gas-filled cell is investigated experimentally. We obtain phase-matched 27th order harmonic driven by a commercially available solid-state femtosecond laser system at 0.55 mJ/pulse energy level and 1-kHz repetition rate. Moreover, we find that the spatial distribution of intensity of high-order harmonics is flat-top profile other than a Gaussian one under the condition of optimized conversion efficiency in the static gas cell.     

Effect of the Initial Laser Phase on the Interaction Between Relativistic Electron and Ultra－Intense Laser Field in a Strong Uniform Magnetic Field

We investigate the influence of the initial laser phase on the interaction between relativistic electron and ultraintense linear polarized laser field in a strong uniform magnetic field. It is found that the dynamic behaviour of the relativistic electron and the emission spectrum varies dramatically with different initial laser field phases.The effect of changing initial phase is contrary in the two parameter regions divided by the resonance condition.The phase dependence of the electron energy and velocity components are also studied. Some beat structure is found when the initial laser phase is zero and this structure is absent when the initial laser phase is a quarter of a period.     

基于周期极化LiTaO3晶体的高增益简并啁啾脉冲参量放大

根据准相位匹配理论计算了周期极化LiTaO3(PPLT)体中0类准相位匹配过程(e+e→e)的增益曲线.在此基础上,使用数百μJ的低抽运能量获得了～106的增益和-10.3%的转换效率,实现了中心波长位于1064nm的基于简并光学啁啾脉冲参量放大(OPCPA)技术的高增益放大,为产生超短超强激光脉冲提供了新的技术手段.实验结果与理论预期基本符合.     

关于X射线同轴位相衬度成像的研究

利用模糊函数对部分相干源相X射线衬成像进行了详细的理论分析.列举了不同条件下的实验结果.通过与吸收成像相比较，相衬成像无疑对生物样品的内部结构有更高的对比度和可见度.     

Compression of Intense Laser Pulse through Filamentation in an Argon-Filled Cell

We demonstrate a pulse compression technique through filamentation in an argon-filled cell. By using a pair of chirped mirrors for dispersion compensation, we have successfully compressed the 53 fs pulse to 15 fs with good spatial qualities and good pulse stability. The total transmitted efficiency is more than 75%. The influence of the experiment parameters to the compressed pulses is also studied experhnentally.