燃料电池的应用和发展

 燃料电池(fuelcells,FCs)是继火电、水电和核电之后的第四代发电技术。它是一种将储存在燃料(如氢气)和氧化剂(如氧气)中的化学能,通过电化学反应过程直接转化为电能的电化学发电装置。它是唯一同时兼备无污染、高效率、适用广、无噪声和具有连续工作和模块化的动力装置,被认为是21世纪最有发展前景的高效清洁发电技术。     

二极管激光侧泵浦单横模100Hz电光调Q激光器

介绍了二极管激光侧泵浦单横模１００Ｈｚ电光调Ｑ激光器的实验结果。泵浦源为一个线阵准连续１００Ｗ二极管激光器，激光工作介质为ＮｄＹＡＧ薄梯形板条，板条与泵浦源间用柱透镜耦合，ＫＤ＊Ｐ电光晶体调Ｑ。在１００Ｈｚ重复频率下，获得单脉冲能量２．３７ｍＪ，脉宽小于７ｎｓ，光束质量因子Ｍ２＝１．１的１．０６μｍ激光，光－光效率为８．５％，斜效率为１８．７％。     

一种用于从固体中提取溶质的热提取装置

一种用于从固体中提取溶质的热提取装置王杰，任仲皎，伍明（中南民族学院化学系，武汉４３００７４）在化学合成和天然产物的提取中，传统的方法一般是利用索氏或梯氏提取器来提取溶质，也可用容器直接浸提溶质￣［１］。上述方法一般均需将固体磨成微细颗粒，且提取效率...     

激光二极管侧面抽运Nd:YAG锁模激光器的研究

利用谐振腔的稳定条件对激光二极管侧面抽运的Nd：YAG锁模直腔的稳区特性和谐振腔内的光斑分布进行了分析。根据对腔参量的分析，选取合适的腔参量设计了一个简单的侧面抽运直腔，该谐振腔腔形简单，没有像散，振荡光模式好，有利于激光器的锁模运转。实验中采用国内自行研制的半导体可饱和吸收镜，实现了激光二极管侧面抽运半导体可饱和吸收镜锁模Nd：YAG激光器的连续锁模运转，平均输出功率为2W，锁模脉冲宽度为10ps，重复频率为100MHz。结合实验结果进一步讨论了半导体可饱和吸收镜的一些参量如饱和恢复时间、调制深度等对实现稳定连续锁模的影响。     

Effects of barium on the nonlinear electrical characteristics and dielectric properties of SnO2-based varistors

The effects of barium on electrical and dielectric properties of the SnO_2·Co_2O_3·Ta_2O_5 varistor system sintered at 1250℃ for 60min were investigated. It is found that barium significantly improves the nonlinear properties. The breakdown electrical field increases from 378.0 to 2834.5V/mm, relative dielectric constant (at 1kHz) falls from 1206 to 161 and the resistivity (at 1kHz) rises from 60.3 to 1146.5kΩ·cm with an increase of BaCO_3 concentration from 0mol% to 1.00mol%. The sample with 1.00mol% barium has the best nonlinear electrical property and the highest nonlinear coefficient (α=29.2). A modified defect barrier model is introduced to illustrate the grain-boundary barrier formation of barium-doped SnO_{2}-based varistors.     

CuZnAlZr催化剂上甲醇氧化水蒸气重整制氢I．催化剂组成的优化

采用共沉淀法制备了不同配比的CuZnAlZr复合氧化物催化剂，并通过XRD和TPR等表征技术及活性评价，考察了催化剂各组分配比对活性的影响，从而对各组分配比进行了优化．结果表明，组成为(Cu7Zn3)7(Al6Zr4)3的催化剂具有最高的催化活性，反应温度为200℃时，甲醇转化率可高达91％，而重整气体中CO的体积分数仅为0．12％．具有较高分散性及高还原性能的表相Cu组分的增加有利于提高催化剂的活性，Zn可以起到隔离和分散Cu的作用，而Al和Zr的存在可以稳定表相Cu^2 的存在形式．     

Photocatalytic Synthesis of Oxygenates from Gaseous CO2 and CH4 over Semiconductor

Photoinduced synthesis of CO2 and CH4 was investigated using a batch reaction system on several photoactive materials supported on silicon dioxide. Single semiconductor showed higher selectivity to C1 compounds. The production of C2-C3 oxygenates took place preferentially on composite semiconductor photocatalysts. In particular, it was found that acetone was the primary product over Cu/CdS-TiO2/SiO2.     

Mid—Infrared Optical Parametric Oscillator Based on All—Solid—State—Pumped Periodically Poled LiNbO

We report the tunable mid-infrared generation with a periodically poled LinbO3(PPLN).Using an all-solid-state pumped Nd:YVO4 laser as the pump source and a PPLN nonlinear crystal with grating periods of 28.2-30.8μm,we have achieved wavelength conversion in the 2.90-4.05μm spectral range by period tuning.The use of confocal cavity design has brought a compact,all-solid-state configuration with an average output powers of idler up to -200mW.The maximum power of 277mW was obtained at the wavelength of 3.35um.     

第5届国际固体断裂与强度大会介绍

第5届国际固体断裂与强度大会于2003年10月19—23日在日本仙台市东北大学学术交流中心举行，当地电视台还做了专门的采访报道．