全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1592篇 |
免费 | 217篇 |
国内免费 | 479篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1033篇 |
晶体学 | 31篇 |
力学 | 23篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
数学 | 531篇 |
物理学 | 658篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 21篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 37篇 |
2019年 | 30篇 |
2018年 | 41篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 66篇 |
2015年 | 95篇 |
2014年 | 104篇 |
2013年 | 157篇 |
2012年 | 195篇 |
2011年 | 234篇 |
2010年 | 155篇 |
2009年 | 194篇 |
2008年 | 141篇 |
2007年 | 153篇 |
2006年 | 127篇 |
2005年 | 71篇 |
2004年 | 63篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 45篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 47篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 18篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1936年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2288条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
41.
42.
Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子-氧化石墨烯复合材料的可控制备及结构与性能表征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
首先利用高温分解法制备了粒径为18 nm的Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子, 并进行羧基化修饰, 然后与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)化学修饰的氧化石墨烯进行交联反应, 得到磁功能化的氧化石墨烯(MGO)复合材料. 研究了氧化石墨烯片上的磁性纳米粒子的可控负载及其对复合材料磁性能的影响. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM), 原子力显微镜(AFM), X射线衍射(XRD), 傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱, 热重分析(TGA), 振荡样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对MGO复合材料的形貌, 结构和磁性能进行了表征. 结果表明, 我们发展的MGO复合材料的制备方法具有简单、可控的优点, 所制备的MGO复合材料具有较高的超顺磁性. 该类磁性氧化石墨烯复合材料有望在磁靶向药物、基因输运、磁共振造影以及磁介导的生物分离和去除环境污染物等领域获得广泛的应用. 相似文献
43.
以反相悬浮聚合技术合成的丙烯酰胺(AM)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)共聚高分子微凝胶P(AM-co-MAA)为模板,结合反胶束法制备得到Ag3PO4-P(AM-co-MAA)复合微球,并将其分散于乙醇溶剂中通过化学还原Ag3PO4-P(AM-co-MAA)复合微球制备得到粒径为几十微米,具有表面图案,且结构为核-壳型的Ag-P(AM-co-MAA)复合微球材料.能量散射X射线(EDX)谱表明壳化学组成以金属银为主,核以高分子模板为主;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察结果表明银-高分子复合微球的表面形貌与其前驱体类似,且可以通过选择模板、改变模板组成、调整金属难溶银盐沉积量等因素加以调控;X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明前驱体复合微球表面Ag3PO4全部转化为单质银.生物抗菌实验表明该类微球材料对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均具有较强的抑制作用. 相似文献
44.
以3-氨基吡嗪-2-羧酸为配体合成了一个钴的单核配合物Co(3-apac)2(H2O)2(1)(3-apac:3 -氨基吡嗪-2-羧酸),并利用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶X-射线衍射以及热重分析对配合物(1)进行了表征.晶体学数据:单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,a=7.8881 (11)(A),b=12.7560(18)(A... 相似文献
45.
46.
Borate is considered one of the most important additives for improving the fire-resistance of combustible polymers because of its smoke suppression, low toxicity, and good thermal stability. However, the size of prepared borate is usually in the micrometer range, which makes it difficult to disperse in a polymer matrix, thus hindering its use as fire-retardant material. The preparation and application of borate nanomaterial as flame retardant is considered an effective method. However, the preparation of barium borate nanomaterials as flame retardant has not been reported. In this paper, nanosheets and nanoribbons with different sizes for a new barium borate BaO·4B2O3·5H2O are prepared by hydrothermal method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The flame-retardant properties of polypropylene (PP)/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O composites are investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal analysis methods and limited oxygen index (LOI) method. Considering the near TG mass losses and the near LOI values for PP with 10% prepared BaO·4B2O3·5H2O nanosheet and nanoribbon, their flame-retardant properties need to be further evaluated by non-isothermal decomposition kinetic method. The apparent activation energy for this decomposition reaction was obtained from the slope by plotting ln(β/Tp2) against 1/Tp according to Kissinger's model. With the reduction of TG mass loss, increased heat absorption in DSC under N2 atmosphere, increased apparent activation energy Ea for the thermal decomposition of PP/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O composite as well as increased LOI value, the flame-retardant performance of prepared BaO·4B2O3·5H2O samples with PP gradually improved from bulk to nanoribbon to nanosheet. This can be attributed to the decrease in the size of BaO·4B2O3·5H2O samples because the smaller sample size leads to improved dispersion and increased contact area with the polymer. The flame-retardant mechanism is discussed by analyzing the after-flame chars of the PP/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O composite in SEM images, which show that the char layer is more compact and continuous for the PP/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O nanosheet composite. The influence of loading BaO·4B2O3·5H2O nanomaterials on the mechanical properties of PP is also tested using a universal material testing machine, in which the PP/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O nanosheet composite has higher tensile strength. The PP/BaO·4B2O3·5H2O nanosheet composite has the best flame-retardant and mechanical properties, which is promising to be developed for the application as flame-retardant material. 相似文献
47.
利用三维(3D)细胞反应器模拟体内微环境,建立了一种与肿瘤细胞作用的活性分子的筛选和分析方法.利用药物与三维细胞反应器中活肿瘤细胞和固化肿瘤细胞分别作用后的HPLC生物指纹谱峰面积之间有无显著性差异,建立了与细胞结合的活性成分的筛选识别模型.已知抗肿瘤药物紫杉醇和白藜声醇的谱峰均具有显著性差异,而非抗肿瘤药物酮洛芬和青霉素G的谱峰均没有显著性差异,证明利用该模型筛选识别与细胞结合的活性成分是可行的.此外,应用该模型从中草药桃儿七提取物中筛选出了7种可作用于Lovo细胞的活性成分.此研究提供了一种模拟体内微环境下与肿瘤细胞作用的活性成分的筛选和分析方法,在药物发现环节,特别是中草药活性成分研究中具有潜在的应用价值. 相似文献
48.
49.
50.
Noise-induced synchronous stochastic oscillations small scale cultured heart-cell networks 下载免费PDF全文
Yuan Lan Liu Zhi-Qiang Zhang Hui-Min Ding Xue-Li Yang Ming-Hao Gu Hua-Guang Ren Wei 《中国物理 B》2011,(2):133-147
This paper reports that the synchronous integer multiple oscillations of heart-cell networks or clusters are observed in the biology experiment. The behaviour of the integer multiple rhythm is a transition between super- and sub- threshold oscillations, the stochastic mechanism of the transition is identified. The similar synchronized oscillations are theoretically reproduced in the stochastic network composed of heterogeneous cells whose behaviours are chosen as excitable or oscillatory states near a Hopf bifurcation point. The parameter regions of coupling strength and noise density that the complex oscillatory rhythms can be simulated are identified. The results show that the rhythm results from a simple stochastic alternating process between super- and sub-threshold oscillations. Studies on single heart cells forming these clusters reveal excitable or oscillatory state nearby a Hopf bifurcation point underpinning the stochastic alternation. In discussion, the results are related to some abnormal heartbeat rhythms such as the sinus arrest. 相似文献