浅谈“基本不等式”在高中物理解题中的应用

1 基本不等式 (1)a+b≥2√ab(→)ab≤(a+b)2/4 (2)a+b+c≥3 3√abc(→)abc≤(a+b+c)3/27 2 应用 2.1 非完全弹性碰撞 [例1]光滑水平面上,质量为m的物体A以速度v0与静止的物体B(质量也为m)发生对心碰撞.讨论:若为非完全弹性碰撞(动量守恒、动能有损失),求AB后来的运动状态,及系统动能损失情况.     

基于巨灾模型的巨灾保险组合研究

巨灾风险所造成的巨大损失已经威胁到人类社会的可持续发展.巨灾保险是分散巨灾损失的一种途径,利用巨灾模型研究被保风险的累积损失和个人损失分布的数学性质,且考虑损失率是巨灾强度的函数.通过巨灾模型和保险公司破产概率的计算和数值仿真,得到不能仅仅依靠保费的选择而分散巨灾风险.     

不忽略一次项损失且补偿量恒定时望大望小特性质量损益函数设计

因望大质量特性在实践中无法达到无穷大,望小质量特性在实践中也无法达到0值,当补偿量恒定时,质量损益函数仅采用补偿量及二次项损失表达,直接删除一次项损失是不合理的.在不忽略一次项损失且补偿量恒定时,研究了望大与望小特性质量损益函数的表达形式及二次式损益函数中一次项损失系数和二次项损失系数确定的方法,比较分析了二次式损益函数中一次项损失和二次项损失的大小.研究结果显示,二次项损益函数是二次式损益函数的一种形式.     

一类比例保险模型的破产概率问题

研究了比例再保险的破产概率问题,推广了Gramer-Lundberg经典模型的有关结果,并证明了基于比例模型合保问题最低保费的一个结果。     

方格网络上用户均衡行为效率损失研究

针对用户出行时追求费用最短的路径,而不考虑其它用户如何选择路径,在一般网络中导致系统费用较高的问题,从实际出发,本文重点讨论特殊网络-方格网络上纳什均衡流与系统最优流之间的关系,研究了用户均衡行为的效率损失.研究结果表明,在方格网络上,当路阻函数是系数非负的线性函数和二次函数时,用户均衡行为的效率损失分别是0和0.35,而一般网络中用户均衡行为的效率损失分别是1/3和0.626,说明方格网络具有较好传送流量的功能.该研究为道路建设部门进行道路改造和增加新道路设计提供理论依据.     

Sparre Andersen模型中破产概率的边界

研究在Andersen Spaxre模型中,当破产概率的初始边界已知的时候,根据更新方程和更新方程中函数的单调性来改进破产概率的边界,并进一步改进了严重损失函数G（x,y）的边界．     

一个参数自洽的超额函数模型

用热力学方法建立了一个新超额函数模型，它有3个模型参数。联立拟合H^E和G^E实验数据表明，对于非级性和弱极性液体混合物，这些参数值具有满意的自洽性。     

General admissibility for linear estimators in a general multivariate linear model under balanced loss function

A generalization of Zellner’s balanced loss function is proposed. General admissibility in a general multivariate linear model is investigated under the generalized balanced loss function. And the sufficient and necessary conditions for linear estimators to be generally admissible in classes of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous linear estimators are given, respectively.     

Analysis on absolute measurement of optical coating absorption loss based on photothermal detuning technique

Based on the photothermal detuning technique, the three linear relations among reflectance （or trans- mittance）, temperature rise, and pump beam power are studied to achieve the absolute measurement of absorption loss. The relation between temperature and reflectance and the calculation accuracy of tem- perature rise on sample surface have great impacts on the measured result. The influences of parameters involved in the method and the relation between temperature and reflectance and the temperature model of sample surface are also studied. The results show that the absolute absorption loss of optical coatings can be achieved by the proposed method. The measurement accuracy depends on the temperature model and the relation between temperature and reflectance. The linear relation between reflectance and temper- ature rise has largest slope when probe beam wavelength is 632.8 nm and incident angle is 28°. The linear relation slope between temperature rise and pump beam power decreases with the growing of beam size and modulation frequency. The results provide theoretical and experimental supports for the perfection and further application of the photothermal detuning technique.