时域边界元法分析撞水响应

基于势流理论，考虑流场的可压缩性，首先利用积分变换导得了势流问题的一个动力学倒易定理，在此基础上，进而求得问题对应的时空边界积分方程，然后通过对边界和时间轴同时离散，建立了一组有递推形式的时间边界元方程最后结合液面条件和物体运动方程耦全求解得到了刚体的撞水响应。     

土-桩-结构相互作用体系随机地震反应分析

本文采用随机振动理论与有限元技术相结合的方法，以基岩随机地震作为输入，对群桩基础和土-桩-结构相互作用体系进行了三维随机地震反应分析。文中首先以一3X3群桩基础作为分析模型，探讨了桩-土-桩动力相互作用对承台随机地震反应的影响；然后，用单自由度体系模拟上部结构，分析了上部结构惯性对桩基承台随机地震反应的影响。在此基础上，以某桥桥墩为背景，用多自由度体系模拟上部结构，建立了土-桩-结构相互作用体系的三维分析模型，获得了桩基承台的功率谱响应、以及桩顶处的主应力标准差和主应力速率标准差等结果，探讨了群桩顶部各桩主应力标准差的分布规律，得到了一些有应用价值的结果。     

ANALYSIS ON ACOUSTICAL SCATTERING BY A CRACKED ELASTIC STRUCTURE

The acoustical scattering by a cracked elastic structure is studied. The mixed method of boundary element and fractal finite element is adopted to solve the cracked structure-acoustic coupling problem. The fractal two-level finite element method is employed for the cracked structure, which can reduce the degree of freedoms (DOFs) greatly, and the boundary element method is used for the exterior acoustic field which can automatically satisfy Sommerfeld‘s radiation condition. Numerical examples show that the resonance frequency is lower with the crack‘s depth increase, and that the effect on the acoustical field by the crack is particularly pronounced in the vicinity of the crack tip. This mixed method of boundary element and finite element is effective in solving the scattering problem by a cracked structure.     

FLOW STRUCTURE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION IN CIRCULATING GAS-FLUIDIZED BEDS

The occurrence of heterogeneous flow structures in gas-particle flows seriously affects the gas-solid contacting and transport processes in high-velocity gas-fluidized beds. Particles do not disperse uniformly in the flow but pass through the bed in a swarm of clusters. The so-called “core-annulus“ structure in the radial direction and “S“ shaped axial distribution of solids concentration characterize the typical flow structure in the system. A computational study, using the discrete particle approach based on molecular dynamics techniques, has been carried out to explore the mechanisms underlying formation of the clusters and the core-annulus structure. Based on energybudget analysis including work done by the drag force, kinetic energy, rotational energy, potential energy, and energy dissipation due to particle-particle and particle-wall collisions, the role of gas-solid interaction and inelastic collisions between the particles are elucidated. It is concluded that the competition between gas-solid interaction and particle-particle interaction determines the pattern formation in high-velocity gas-solid flows: if the gas-solid interaction (under elevated pressure) dominates, most of particle energy obtained by drag from the gas phase is partitioned such that particle potential energy is raised, leading to a uniform flow structure. Otherwise, a heterogeneous pattern exists, which could be induced by both particle -particle collisions and gas-solid interaction. Although both factors could cause the flow instability, the non-linear drag force is demonstrated to be the necessary condition to trigger heterogeneous flow structure formation. As gas velocity increases and goes beyond a critical value, the fluid-particle interaction suppresses particle collisional dissipation, and as a consequence a more homogeneous flow regime is formed.     

Dynamic characteristic analysis of a 3-D semi-submerged body as a fluid-structure interaction system

An Arnoldi‘s method with new iteration pattern, which was designed for solving a large unsymmetric eigenvalue problem introduced by displacement-pressure FE (Finite Element) pattern of a fluid-structure interaction system, was adopted here to get the dynamic characteristics of the semi-submerged body. The new iteration pattern could be used efficiently to obtain the Arnoldi‘s vectors in the shift-frequency technique, which was used for the zero-frequency problem. Numerical example showed that the fluid-structure interaction is one of the important factors to the dynamic characteristics of large semi-submerged thin-walled structures.     

磷酸钾缓冲溶液与模型细胞膜相互作用的和频光谱

利用和频光谱技术详细研究了磷酸钾缓冲溶液与带负电荷的生物仿生膜(d₅₄-DMPG磷脂双层膜)相互作用的实时过程．通过监控CD₂、CD₃、磷脂分子头部的磷酸根以及羰基官能团的光谱信号随加入磷酸钾缓冲溶液的实时变化,获得了磷脂双层膜分子结构的动力学变化．结果表明K⁺能够结合到细胞膜上,并且很快地引起了CD₂、CD₃、磷脂头部磷酸根以及羰基官能团信号的变化．根据各官能团的和频信号响应,磷酸钾缓冲溶液很可能是通过在双层膜中形成环形气孔来与磷脂双层膜发生作用．该结果可以很好地解释磷酸钾缓冲溶液环境下的离子协助蛋白质的跨膜过程．     

反常磁矩对弱磁场弱相互作用费米气体热力学性质的影响

考虑费米子的反常磁矩, 运用赝势法和热力学理论, 导出弱磁场中弱相互作用费米气体自由能的解析式, 以此为基础给出高温和低温情况下系统热力学性质, 分析反常磁矩对热力学性质的影响机理. 研究表明: 反常磁矩对热力学性质的影响与温度相关, 而且这种影响随温度的上升在低温区是增大的, 在高温区是减小的; 对于系统的化学势、内能, 反常磁矩加强了磁场的影响, 弱化了相互作用的影响; 对于系统的热容量, 反常磁矩在低温区使其减小, 在高温区使其增加.     

量子线/铁基超导隧道结中隧道谱的研究

考虑铁基超导中能带间的相互作用和界面对每一个能带的散射作用, 利用推广的Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk模型, 并通过求解Bogoliubov-de Gennes 方程研究了具有不同类型双能隙系统的量子线/铁基超导隧道结中准粒子的输运系数和隧道谱. 研究表明: 1)在弹道极限时, 随着带间相互作用的增大, s_± 波隧道谱中零偏压附近的平台演变成电导峰; s₊₊ 波的平台演变成凹陷; p波的零偏压电导峰被压低. 2)界面对两个能带的散射作用不为零时, 随着带间相互作用的增大, s_± 波和s₊₊ 波两能隙处的峰值将降低, 而两峰间的凹陷值将变大; p波的零偏压电导峰被压低, 非零偏压电导增大. 3)界面对每个能带的散射, 可使其产生的电导峰变得更加尖锐, 但可压低和抹平另一个带产生的电导峰值. 这些结果对于澄清铁基超导体的能隙结构和区别不同类型铁基超导体有所帮助.     

超强激光脉冲下等离子体块的整体加速研究

为了克服激光加速中强流离子束空间电荷效应对粒子输运的影响,提出一种利用两块不同密度的固体靶先后和一束强度约为1022 W/cm2、脉冲长度为5T(T为激光周期)的超强脉冲激光相互作用的方案,实现了中性等离子体块的加速。通过一维PIC数值模拟研究发现,在合适的参数下,加速后的电子与质子几乎以相同的速度共同飞行长达60λ(λ为激光波长)的距离,其中质子与电子的能量分别为GeV和100MeV量级。     

自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的尺度律

根据质量守恒、动量守恒及能量守恒原理,建立了自然对流情形下激光辐照液体贮箱的理论模型。通过方程分析法,导出了该问题的尺度律,在此基础上给出了激光辐照液体贮箱的缩比方法,并对一组实例进行了数值计算,得到了缩比模型与原型结果完全相似的结论,模拟结果证明了该问题尺度律的成立。为验证理论模型与数值求解的正确性,本文还针对小尺度模型进行了实验研究,数值模拟结果与实验测量结果符合较好,表明理论模型可靠有效。