Behavior of lysozyme adsorbed onto biological liquid crystal lipid monolayer at the air/water interface

The interaction between proteins and lipids is one of the basic problems of modern biochemistry and biophysics.The purpose of this study is to compare the penetration degree of lysozyme into 1,2-diapalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethano-lamine(DPPE) by analyzing the data of surface pressure–area(π–A) isotherms and surface pressure–time(π–T) curves.Lysozyme can penetrate into both DPPC and DPPE monolayers because of the increase of surface pressure at an initial pressure of 15 m N/m.However,the changes of DPPE are larger than DPPC,indicating stronger interaction of lysozyme with DPPE than DPPC.The reason may be due to the different head groups and phase state of DPPC and DPPE monolayers at the surface pressure of 15 m N/m.Atomic force microscopy reveals that lysozyme was absorbed by DPPC and DPPE monolayers,which leads to self-aggregation and self-assembly,forming irregular multimers and conical multimeric.Through analysis,we think that the process of polymer formation is similar to the aggregation mechanism of amyloid fibers.     

Analysis of the induction of the myelin basic protein binding to the plasma membrane phospholipid monolayer

Myelin basic protein(MBP) is an essential structure involved in the generation of central nervous system(CNS)myelin.Myelin shape has been described as liquid crystal structure of biological membrane.The interactions of MBP with monolayers of different lipid compositions are responsible for the multi-lamellar structure and stability of myelin.In this paper,we have designed MBP-incorporated model lipid monolayers and studied the phase behavior of MBP adsorbed on the plasma membrane at the air/water interface by thermodynamic method and atomic force microscopy(AFM).By analyzing the pressure–area(π–A) and pressure–time(π–T) isotherms,univariate linear regression equation was obtained.In addition,the elastic modulus,surface pressure increase,maximal insertion pressure,and synergy factor of monolayers were detected.These parameters can be used to modulate the monolayers binding of protein,and the results show that MBP has the strongest affinity for 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(DPPS) monolayer,followed by DPPC/DPPS mixed and1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-choline(DPPC) monolayers via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions.AFM images of DPPS and DPPC/DPPS mixed monolayers in the presence of MBP(5 n M) show a phase separation texture at the surface pressure of 20 m N/m and the incorporation of MBP put into the DPPC monolayers has exerted a significant effect on the domain structure.MBP is not an integral membrane protein but,due to its positive charge,interacts with the lipid head groups and stabilizes the membranes.The interaction between MBP and phospholipid membrane to determine the nervous system of the disease has a good biophysical significance and medical value.     

基于叶绿素荧光光谱分析的稻瘟病害预测模型

为了实现稻瘟病的快速、准确和无损检测,力求构建稻瘟病害预测模型。根据水稻叶片相对病害面积将稻瘟病划分为3个等级,通过激光诱导法采集不同病害等级的活体水稻叶片叶绿素荧光光谱。选取502～830 nm波段激光诱导叶绿素荧光光谱(LICF)作为研究对象,利用Savitzky-Golay平滑法(SG)和一阶导数变换(FDT)对光谱信息进行预处理,通过主成分分析(PCA)方法获取经SG-FDT预处理后光谱的特征向量,根据累积贡献率和方差选取前3个主成分进行分析。将试验样本分为建模样本和检验样本,以稻瘟病害等级为预测指标,利用建模样本的133片叶片的光谱和病害信息分别结合判别分析(DA)、多类逻辑回归分析(MLRA)和多层感知器(MLP)建立稻瘟病的预测模型,利用检验样本的89片叶片的光谱和病害信息对所建模型进行预测检验,完成对PCA-DA、PCA-MLRA和PCA-MLP的对比寻优。结果表明,PCA-DA,PCA-MLRA和PCA-MLP模型均能完成对稻瘟病害的预测,但PCA-MLP模型的平均预测准确率能够达到91.7%,相比PCA-DA和PCA-MLRA模型,在稻瘟病害3个等级上均具有较好的分类和预测能力。     

老鼠血清中苯扎贝特的HPLC-MS法测定

建立一种简便、快速、灵敏的高效液相色谱-质谱联用测定老鼠血清中苯扎贝特的方法。 采用Gemini C18色谱柱;流动相：V(乙腈)∶V(甲醇)∶V(水)=60∶15∶25(0.03%甲酸水溶液);柱温35 ℃,流速0.3 mL/min;紫外吸收波长为235 nm;进样量5 μL。 质谱采用电喷雾电离负离子模式,用于定量分析的离子分别为[M-H]- m/z 359.65→273.70(苯扎贝特)和[M-H]- m/z 212.95→127.08(氯贝酸)。 对苯扎贝特检测的线性范围为0.073~7.884 mg/L,r=0.9995。 得到苯扎贝特的平均回收率为94.3%~103.1%;方法的日内和日间的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于6%;最低检测限(LOD)与定量限(LOQ)分别为9.0和30 μg/L;为临床上人体血清中苯扎贝特的浓度检测提供了一种重现性好、灵敏度高的分析方法。     

一种改进型多组分气体的Tikhonov正则化特征光谱提取方法

针对FTIR光谱分析数据计算量大,具有相同基团的多组分混合气体交叉灵敏度过高,以及在线分析过程中基线漂移等问题,提出了一种改进的TR2-1(Tikhonov 2norm-1norm)正则化特征变量提取法。该方法借鉴TR1和TR2模型的基本思想,引入谱线距离和谱线系数绝对值最小化两个约束项来保证所提取特征量的准确度,消除基线漂移所带来的影响,并结合上述两种模型建立了不适定问题的最优化求解通式。该通式有效地克服了经验法和实验法确定正则矩阵和参数所带来的误差。实验以浓度为0.01%~20%的甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、正戊烷和异戊烷气体为例进行了特征光谱选取。结果表明,对于浓度为0.2%的甲烷气体,其预测误差平方和仅为2.6×10-4,可决系数达到0.959 2,分析准确度高,有效增强了TR正则法的实用性。     

CeO2对WC-Co/Ni60B激光熔覆涂层组织和磨损性能的影响

本文采用激光熔覆的方法,成功制备出了以45#钢为基体,Ni60B自熔性合金粉末为粘结相,微米和纳米WC-12%Co为增强相,含一定量稀土氧化物CeO2的陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合涂层.在MM200环块磨损试验机上进行了相同磨损距离和不同载荷下的干摩擦滑动磨损试验.研究了CeO2对涂层组织形貌、硬度和磨损性能的影响.结果表明：CeO2的加入对熔覆层的组织起到明显的细化作用,使枝晶生长的方向性减弱,组织趋于均匀;由于硬质相的析出和细晶强化的作用,熔覆涂层的显微硬度值比未添加稀土的涂层有所提高,涂层的耐磨性也相应得到了改善.     

聚酰亚胺侵蚀机理及防护效应的研究

在微波电离型原子氧(AO)源地面模拟设备中对空间材料聚酰亚胺(Kapton)及有机硅防护层进行原子氧剥蚀效应试验.用光电子能谱(XPS)、红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对试验前后试样的表面形貌、质量及化学结构进行表征研究.AO对Kapton表现了较严重的侵蚀作用,原来平整的表面形貌变为毛毯状;而所施用的有机硅涂层的表面形貌则变化甚少,表明该涂层具有较明显的防护效果.     

V-型三能级原子与双模腔场模型中的纠缠交换方案

文章利用V-型三能级原子与双模腔场双光子共振相互作用,提出了一种纠缠交换的方案制备最大纠缠态,此方案不需要Bell基测量,只需对单个原子进行测量,就能实现初始没有直接相互作用的原子与腔场之间产生纠缠,合适选择原子与腔场之间的相互作用时间可获得具有最大保真度以及成功几率的最大纠缠态,另外,还讨论了该方案的实验可行性.     

Cl掺杂γ-CuI晶体生长及闪烁性能的研究

采用溶剂蒸发技术,辅以氩保护气氛,成功获得厘米级氯掺杂γ-CuI透明单晶.研究了氯掺杂对晶体生长溶液的稳定性、晶体结构及发光性能的影响.通过引入氩气氛,掺氯生长液及晶体的氧化问题得到了极大改善.X射线激发发射光谱表明,γ-CuI:Cl晶体的超快近带边发射得到显著增强,光输出约为PbWO4晶体的89;,深能级发射强度也受到极大抑制.并且快成分的衰减时间达到亚纳秒量级.实验结果均表明γ-CuI:Cl单晶具有较好的结晶性和光学性能,有望应用于超高辐射检测和超快计数率成像领域.     

单模腔场与Ξ型三能级原子相互作用熵的纠缠演化

文章运用量子熵理论,研究了一个三能级原子与一个单模腔场发生非共振相互作用时系统原子熵的演化特性,讨论了原子初始状态以及失谐量大小对原子熵演化的影响.结果表明:原子的初始状态影响系统原子熵的震荡特性,当θ取合适值时可以获得稳定的、周期性震荡的量子纠缠态;失谐量对系统熵的崩塌～回复现象有影响,当δ取合适值时崩塌～回复现象近乎消失.