基于法布里-珀罗标准具和多光栅校准的光纤布喇格光栅波长解调系统

为了消除由法布里-珀罗标准具的干涉峰偏移引起的光纤布喇格光栅波长解调误差,采用多参考光栅进行法布里-珀罗标准具波长校准,搭建了相应的光纤布喇格光栅解调平台.将待解调光栅、法布里-珀罗标准具和多个参考光栅分别接入采样通道,用多个参考光栅对法布里-珀罗标准具进行波长校准,得到准确度较高的标准具干涉峰波长,再以此波长计算待测光栅波长,降低了校准误差.实验结果表明,利用该方法搭建的光纤布喇格光栅解调系统校准的重复性误差小于1.6pm,波长解调误差低于1.8pm.     

基于Hilbert变换的水下多源声信号频率的相干探测

为实现水下中低频声信号的探测识别,通过研究水下多声源相干探测信号的特征,理论上给出了相干探测信号频谱混叠情况下的特征表达式,并提出了一种基于Hilbert变换的信号解调处理方法,实现了水下多声源相干探测信号频谱混叠情况下各声源发声频率的解调.该方法将探测信号经过滤波平滑处理之后进行Hilbert变换,得到信号的解析形式,然后对解析信号模值的平方进行二次滤波平滑等处理,分离混叠在一起的频带,将得到的信号进行频谱分析,根据频移值计算得到水下各个声源的发声频率.在光学暗室下搭建激光相干探测系统,对2~6kHz的水下声信号进行实验,实验结果表明,该方法可以有效分离探测信号中混叠在一起的信号频带,并准确提取各水下声信号的发声频率,频率提取重复性不大于2.5Hz.     

混合干涉型分布式光纤传感器PGC信号解调设计与实验分析

对一种基于马赫-曾德尔和萨格纳克混合干涉仪原理的分布式光纤泄漏检测系统调制解调技术进行研究,对PGC解调技术进行理论分析。针对所选泄漏分布式光纤传感特点设计了PGC解调硬件电路,并对PGC解调电路进行了测试。实验中待测信号为0~50 kHz,载波频率为300 kHz,截止频率为50 kHz, 移相后与待测信号的相关系数达到0.95,谐波失真小于3%,泄漏源位置为7.865 km,泄漏检测定位系统绝对定位误差为235 m,相对定位误差为2.35%。本解调定位系统具有稳定性和抗干扰性。     

FBG传感器复用解调异常的研究

基于光纤布拉格光栅应变传感器的解调原理,分析了传感器性能蜕化时应变传感系统中解调异常的问题,通过理论推导及模拟仿真,发现了存在解调的测量峰值波长少于实际传感器数量的现象,并提出了解决方法,在工程应用中对此进行了验证,证实了方法的有效性。     

Elimination of environmental noise in interferometric wavelength shift demodulation for dynamic fiber Bragg grating sensor array

We present a novel reference compensation method for eliminating environmental noise in interferometric wavelength shift demodulation for dynamic fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. By employing a shielded wavelength-division-multiplexed reference FBG in the system, the environmental noise is measured from the reference channel, and then subtracted from the demodulation result of each sensor channel. An approximate 40 dB reduction of the environmental noise has been experimentally achieved over a frequency range from 20 Hz to 2 kHz. This method is also suitable for the elimination of broadband environmental noise. The corresponding FBG sensor array system proposed in this paper has shown a wavelength resolution of .     

激光多普勒微振动信号的直接强度解调

在传统的激光多普勒测振方法中,频移信号的检测通常需要具有比较复杂的频率或相位解调系统。从激光多普勒频移和干涉理论出发,提出了一种测量振幅小于纳米量级的方法———直接强度解调法。分析了直接强度解调法的适用范围。实验中利用了迈克尔逊干涉仪结构,采用了直接强度解调的方法。对振幅约为1nm的振动信号来说,其信噪比为23dB。     

Reflection and transmission at normal incidence onto air-saturated porous materials and direct measurements based on parametric demodulated ultrasonic waves

The present work is related to the characterization of air-saturated porous media by using parametric demodulated ultrasonic waves. One uses two different powerful ultrasonic emitters working either at 47 kHz or at 162 kHz which are electronically amplitude modulated over the 200 Hz-4 kHz or 2 kHz-40 kHz bandwidths respectively. The demodulation process takes place in air, due to its nonlinearity enabling to generate audio range acoustical waves or alternatively low frequency ultrasonic waves which can be used to characterize porous materials in the reflection configuration at normal incidence. Some appropriate theoretical calculations are introduced for three configurations of interest, i.e. a porous slab, a porous layer mounted onto a rigid plate, and a porous half space, in the case of the equivalent-fluid model. Comparisons between theoretical modeling and experimental data are provided and prospective industrial applications are discussed.     

New demodulation filter in digital phase rotation beamforming

In this paper, we present a new quadrature demodulation filter to reduce hardware complexity in digital phase rotation beamforming. Due to its low sensitivity to phase delay errors, digital quadrature demodulation is commonly used in ultrasound machines. However, since it requires two lowpass filters for each channel to remove harmonics, the direct use of conventional finite impulse response (FIR) filters in ultrasound machines is computationally expensive and burdensome. In our new method, an efficient multi-stage uniform coefficient (MSUC) filter is utilized to remove harmonic components in phase rotation beamforming. In comparison with the directly implemented FIR (DI-FIR) and the previously-proposed signed-power-of-two FIR (SPOT-FIR) lowpass filters, the proposed MSUC filter reduces the necessary hardware resources by 93.9% and 83.9%, respectively. In simulation, the MSUC filter shows a negligible degradation in image quality. The proposed method resulted in comparable spatial and contrast resolution to the DI-FIR approach in the phantom study. These preliminary results indicate that the proposed quadrature demodulation filtering method could significantly reduce the hardware complexity in phase rotation beamforming while maintaining comparable image quality.     

一种基于级联长周期光纤光栅的力传感装置

利用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)具有谱线窄、反射率高的特性和级联长周期光纤光栅(级联LPFG)的边沿滤波特性, 设计了一种基于级联LPFG的力传感装置, 将拉力变化转变为FBG反射谱功率的变化. 在理论上分析了实验的可行性, 用光纤光栅刻写系统制作了符合要求的级联LPFG和FBG, 用光谱分析仪对FBG的反射谱进行了监测. 用光纤功率计对FBG的反射功率进行了测量, 并对测得的数据进行了线性拟合, 其线性相关系数为0.9924, 装置的灵敏度为1.074μW?N-1. 在拉力为0~0.6N的范围内功率与拉力有较好的线性关系. 测量范围和灵敏度取决于级联LPFG透射谱边沿的斜率. 该装置结构简单, 操作方便.     

采用3×3耦合器的分布反馈式光纤激光传感器解调技术

为了实现分布反馈式光纤激光传感器(DFB FL)大动态范围、稳定解调,建立了基于3×3耦合器的迈克尔逊干涉仪解调系统。对该系统所采用的对称解调算法(NPS)和反正切解调算法进行了深入研究。首先,介绍了基于3×3耦合器解调算法的原理及耦合器不对称时的调校方法。接着,对干涉仪所需最小非平衡路径长度的选取与系统强度噪声、激光器频率噪声的关系进行了分析。最后,针对NPS算法与反正切算法最大可解调信号幅度进行了分析对比,并研究了微分器对对称解调方法解调范围的影响。实验结果表明:NPS算法动态范围高于反正切算法,微分器的幅频特性不理想会减小解调动态范围。在采样频率为125 k Hz、信号频率为1 k Hz、干涉仪非平衡路径为100 m时,NPS算法与反正切算法的动态范围分别达到96 d B和90 d B。用解调前调校的方法,基于3×3耦合的解调方法动态范围大,能够实现稳定解调,满足工程应用要求。