基于状态估计的混沌直扩信号联合均衡与解调

针对混沌直接序列扩频信号(以下称混沌直扩信号)通过非理想信道,利用信道和混沌直扩信号的状态方程及其均衡和解调的关联性,提出一种基于状态估计的联合均衡与解调算法.算法采用多扩展卡尔曼滤波(extended kalman filter,EKF)结构,一边对信道均衡,一边估计二进制信息码,二者互为因果,同时进行,不仅可以有效克服非理想信道所带来的多径信道畸变、加性噪声等对信号的影响,还可将掩藏在混沌直扩信号中的原始二进制信息码解调出来,比均衡和解调分离的做法更有效地利用信息,有更好的实时性.仿真结果表明,所提出的算法收敛速度快,能在信道特性未知情况下较好地抵御多径效应和噪声影响,实现了混沌直扩信号在非理想信道条件下的有效可靠传输. 关键词： 混沌直扩通信 非理想信道 联合均衡与解调算法 扩展卡尔曼滤波     

用双光收缩式径向剪切干涉仪测量气体温度场

为了适应大测试区的相位物体的测试研究和控制光学系统的成本,设计出双光收缩式径向剪切干涉光学系统。通过实验得到干涉条纹,用CCD摄入计算机,经Matlab编制傅里叶变换、相位去包裹和其他数值计算程序,解调干涉条纹的相位,计算出温度扰动产生的波面畸变量,它等于折射率变化引起的相位偏移值,用轴对称气体温度场重建方法,再现了气体温度场一个层面上的温度分布。实验结果与铜一康铜微型热电偶单点测温相比较,两者相差不大。实验表明该系统具有较高的精度和测试灵敏度,适于环境温差较小的相位物体热物理量的测量。     

一种低成本的光纤陀螺信号处理方法

讨论了一种低成本的干涉型光纤陀螺的信号处理方法。应用了自动相位跟踪技术,重点解决了PZT的稳定性问题,提高了光纤陀螺的精度。在方案中,以正弦波信号作为相位偏置信号,相位解调运用了同步相关检测的方法。方案的优点是其低成本和易于实现,能够满足在一定条件下陆地导航和定位系统的需要。     

一种利用啁啾光栅反射滤波的光纤光栅传感解调方法

利用啁啾光纤光栅结合长周期光纤光栅边沿线性滤波技术,提出了一种新颖的光纤光栅传感解调方法,并实现了在传感波长变化5 nm范围内的波长解调.采用了全光纤结构,无需机械部件调谐,可大大提高光纤传感系统的解调速度及稳定性.     

Demodulation of acoustic telemetry binary phase shift keying signal based on high-order Duffing system

In order to grasp the downhole situation immediately, logging while drilling(LWD) technology is adopted. One of the LWD technologies, called acoustic telemetry, can be successfully applied to modern drilling. It is critical for acoustic telemetry technology that the signal is successfully transmitted to the ground. In this paper, binary phase shift keying(BPSK) is used to modulate carrier waves for the transmission and a new BPSK demodulation scheme based on Duffing chaos is investigated. Firstly, a high-order system is given in order to enhance the signal detection capability and it is realized through building a virtual circuit using an electronic workbench(EWB). Secondly, a new BPSK demodulation scheme is proposed based on the intermittent chaos phenomena of the new Duffing system. Finally, a system variable crossing zero-point equidistance method is proposed to obtain the phase difference between the system and the BPSK signal. Then it is determined that the digital signal transmitted from the bottom of the well is ‘0' or ‘1'. The simulation results show that the demodulation method is feasible.     

基于全相位滤波技术的光纤表面等离子体共振传感解调算法

基于生物样品检测对折射率传感的迫切需求,构建一种全光纤表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)系统,并针对其设计了基于全相位滤波技术的SPR特征波长传感解调算法.基于系统仿真,理论计算了光纤SPR传感器的折射率传感灵敏度.采用全相位滤波技术提取光纤SPR传感器透射光谱的特征波长,理论推导了全相位滤波器的解析表达式.实验结果表明,使用本算法的光纤SPR传感器折射率传感灵敏度为1640.4 nm/RIU,折射率检测的分辨率是7.36×10~(-4)RIU,与传统方法相比,有效提高了系统的检测精度和抗光源扰动性能,降低了实验成本.     

VB语言环境下基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络分析软件的设计

 为了更方便地编写基于串口通信的光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件,实现对光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制,设计了一种VB语言环境下编写光纤光栅传感网络的分析软件的方法。利用VB语言环境实现了PC机和单片机之间串口通信、PC机对单片机的控制、数据处理以及图形绘制功能。并利用已标定的光纤光栅对可调谐激光器解调法的光纤光栅传感网络及其解调软件的精确性和实用性进行测定。实验结果表明该软件具有设计简单、工作稳定的特点。本文也为光纤光栅传感网络的远程控制和联网控制提出了思路。     

The transmission link of CAPS navigation and communication system

The Chinese Area Positioning System (CAPS) is based on communication satellites with integrated capability, which is different from the Global Positioning System (GPS), the International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat) and so on. CAPS works at C-band, and its navigation information is not directly generated from the satellite, but from the master control station on the ground and transmitted to users via the satellite. The slightly inclined geostationary-satellite orbit (SIGSO) satellites are adopted in CAPS. All of these increase the difficulty in the design of the system and terminals. In this paper, the authors study the CAPS configuration parameters of the navigation master control station, information transmission capability, and the selection of the antenna aperture of the communication center station, as well as the impact of satellite parameters on the whole communication system from the perspective of the transmission link budget. The conclusion of availability of the CAPS navigation system is achieved. The results show that the CAPS inbound communication system forms a new low-data-rate satellite communication system, which can accommodate mass communication terminals with the transmission rate of no more than 1 kbps for every terminal. The communication center station should be configured with a large-aperture antenna (about 10–15 m); spread spectrum communication technology should be used with the spreading gain as high as about 40 dB; reduction of the satellite transponder gain attenuation is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system, with the attenuation value of 0 or 2 dB as the best choice. The fact that the CAPS navigation system has been checked and accepted by the experts and the operation is stable till now clarifies the rationality of the analysis results. The fact that a variety of experiments and applications of the satellite communication system designed according to the findings in this paper have been successfully carried out confirms the correctness of the study results. Supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815504) and the Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA12z343)     

基于宽谱光源的光纤传感波长解调系统的研究

研究制作了基于宽谱光源的光纤传感波长解调系统, 以多光纤光栅作为波长参考基准、采用可调谐光纤法布里-珀罗(F-P)滤波器作为波长扫描器件。系统中采用三次多项式拟合的方法对滤波器锯齿波的扫描电压与透射波长关系曲线进行非线性拟合, 解决可调谐光纤F-P滤波器的电压—波长非线性关系对系统测量带来的较大误差问题, 实现波长的高精度解调。采用五光纤光栅做波长参考, 单根光纤光栅传感器的解调实验结果表明：待测光纤光栅布拉格波长短期测量分辨率为3.5 pm, 长期测量稳定性为7 pm。采用该系统对光纤非本征法布里-珀罗干涉型(EFPI)应变传感器的测试结果表明, 测量应变灵敏度为2.41 nm/με, 并且应变和波长之间存在良好的线性关系, 线性相关度达到0.99991。     

Noise reduction in the Fourier spectrum of Hartmann patterns for phase demodulation

A simple method to reduce the noise in the Fourier spectrum of Hartmann patterns for filtering the fundamental sidelobes (first harmonics) is presented. The method consists on replacing the Hartmann pattern by a fringe pattern within a circular pupil. The fringes are cosine square type and the pupil is apodized with a Gaussian function. These fringes follow the centroid spots of the Hartmann pattern along the horizontal and vertical directions. The width of the fringes in each direction is constant and it is determined according to the distortion of the Hartmann pattern. In this way, it is possible to obtain the wavefront’s slopes more accurate in comparison with the traditional method. We present experimental results to show the advantages of our method.