Transgenic Wheat Plants Obtained With Pollen-Tube Pathway Method

β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (carried by pBI121 plasmid) has been introduced into hexaploid wheat c. v. Xiaoshan No. 3 with the pollen-tube pathway method. Five transgenic plants are selected from 106 T0 plants. All of these plants are identified by the Southern hybridization, and the GUS activity can be detected by using fluorogenic assay and histochemical stain.     

高压下天然顽火辉石能量色散X射线粉末衍射研究

 在北京同步辐射装置（BSRF）高压站对采自于河北大麻坪的天然顽火辉石，在室温高压（0~31.64 GPa）下，利用金刚石压腔装置（DAC），进行了能量色散X射线粉末衍射（EDXD）原位测量，得到了顽火辉石在不同压力下的衍射图谱，并利用UnitCell软件进行解谱，获得了其晶胞参数a、b、c和晶胞体积V及其随压力的变化，最后利用Murnaghan等温方程得到了天然顽火辉石的体积模量K_T(0)=172 GPa、压缩系数及p-V状态方程，发现沿a、b、c三方向的压缩系数存在明显的各向异性，结果与斜方辉石的弹性波速各向异性完全一致。     

铁和锰对桑蚕丝蛋白构象转变的影响

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱和原子吸收光谱对桑蚕丝腺体和蚕茧丝中Fe和Mn的含量进行表征, 同时采用拉曼光谱研究Fe(III)和Mn(II)对高浓度再生桑蚕丝蛋白水溶液中丝蛋白构象的影响. 研究结果表明, 桑蚕丝纤维中Fe的含量高于其在丝腺体中的含量, 而Mn的含量则相反. 在丝腺体中, Fe的含量从丝腺体的后部到前部逐渐增加; 但Mn含量的变化趋势与Fe不同, 它在丝腺体中部的含量最低. Fe(III)能够诱导丝蛋白的构象由无规线团和/或螺旋结构向β-折叠转变, 但是Mn(II)对丝蛋白的构象没有明显的影响.     

钯(II)配合物和氯化锌在DMF中阴极还原的动力学

烯丙基化合物在钯催化下与碳亲核试剂的反应已成为碳一碳键合成的手段.1989年王志勤等研究报导,在DMF溶液中和氯化锌存在下,钯催化醋酸烯丙酯与羰基化合物电化学还原生成高产率的醇.我们对此反应的机理进行了研究,首先用线性电势扫描法确定各电还原反应的还原电势,得出在实验条件下,氯化锌比π-烯丙基钯配合物容易还原,然后     

k-Drop凸空间的特征

通过研究局部k-drop凸空间的一些性质,得出了k-drop凸性质与自反且k-严格凸是等价的,同时k-drop凸空间具有商遗传性.     

含稀土离子液体[Cnmim][Ln（NO3）4]的合成、表征及荧光性能研究

以N-甲基咪唑,溴代烷烃和硝酸钠为原料,合成了5种离子液体[Cnmim]NO3(n=2,4,6,8,10;mim=N-甲基咪唑),并对离子液体进行了表征.用[Cnmim]NO3与硝酸铕、硝酸铽反应,得到了含稀土离子液体[Cnmim][Ln(NO3)4](Ln=Eu,Tb).利用电喷雾质谱对[Cnmim][Ln(NO3)4]的结构进行了表征,结果表明稀土离子与来自4个硝酸根的8个氧原子配位,形成[Ln(NO3)4]阴离子,阳离子为1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑.荧光研究表明,[Cnmim][Ln(NO3)4](Ln=Eu,Tb)的溶液存在较强荧光;温度和浓度影响荧光强度.     

Importance of ligands on TiO_2 nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

The fabrication of high-quality electron-selective layers at low temperature is a prerequisite to realizing efficient flexible and tandem perovskite solar cells(PSCs). A colloidal-quantum-dot ink that contains TiO_2 nanocrystals enables the deposition of a flat film with matched energy level for PSCs; however, the selection of ligands on the TiO_2 surface is still unexplored. Here, we systematically studied the effect of the titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate)(TiAc_2)ligand on the performance of PSCs with a planar n-i-p architecture. We prepared TiO_2 nanocrystals from TiCl4 and ethyl alcohol with Cl~- ligands attached on its surface and we found that a tiny amount of TiAc_2 treatment of as-prepared TiO_2 nanocrystals in a mixed solution of chloroform and methyl alcohol can enhance PSC power conversion efficiency(PCE)from 14.7% to 18.3%. To investigate the effect of TiAc_2 ligand on PSCs, TiO_2 samples with different TiAc_2 content were prepared by adding TiAc_2 into the as-obtained TiO_2 nanocrystal solution. We use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the content of Cl so as to reveal that Cl ligands can be substituted by TiAc_2. We speculate that the improvement in PCE originates from amorphous TiO_2 formation on the TiO_2 nanocrystal surface, whereby a single-molecule layer of amorphous TiO_2 facilitates charge transfer between the perovskite film and the TiO_2 electronic transport layer, but excessive TiAc_2 lowers the PSC performance dramatically. We further prove our hypothesis by x-ray diffraction measurements. We believe the PCE of PSCs can be further improved by carefully choosing the type and changing the content of surface ligands on TiO_2 nanocrystal.     

一个不等式的再推广——再探《数学通报》2421题北大核心

1引言《数学通报》2018年5问题2421[1]为:已知a,b, c∈R^(+),且a+b+c=3,求证:2 (a1/4+b1/4+c1/4)+3≥3 (ab+bc+ca).作者在《数学通报》2018年第57卷第6期[2]中给了解答.张千乐在《数学通报》2019年第58卷第1期[3]中分别从项数、项数之和以及指数等3个方面作推广,得出下列结论:1)设a1,a2,a3,…,an(n≥3)是非负实数。     

同心旋转圆柱间隙流场中纤维取向的动态模拟

本文对两同心旋转圆柱间隙形成的流场以及处于流场中的纤维运动和取向进行了数值研究. 在贴体坐标网格下求解了流场控制方程, 得到了流场中的速度、压力等物理量. 研究了两同心圆柱同速反向旋转以及仅内层圆柱旋转这两种情况下的纤维运动和取向状态. 得到了处于这两种情况下的纤维在流场中从静止到开始运动和取向直至最终达到稳定状态的动态详细过程. 结果表明, 当两个圆柱同速反向旋转时, 纤维运动与取向也相应的呈现两层结构; 而仅内圆柱旋转时, 纤维运动与取向呈单层结构. 在两种情况下, 纤维均沿流线方向运动和取向. 讨论了纤维长径比对纤维取向的影响, 结果表明随着纤维长径比的增加, 纤维沿流线取向的取向度逐渐增强.     

Phase field modeling of the ring-banded spherulites of crystalline polymers: The role of thermal diffusion

The ring-banded spherulite is a special morphology of polymer crystals and has attracted considerable attention over recent decades. In this study, a new phase field model with polymer characteristics is established to investigate the emergence and formation mechanism of the ring-banded spherulites of crystalline polymers. The model consists of a nonconserved phase field representing the phase transition and a temperature field describing the diffusion of the released latent heat. The corresponding model parameters can be obtained from experimentally accessible material parameters.Two-dimensional calculations are carried out for the ring-banded spherulitic growth of polyethylene film under a series of crystallization temperatures. The results of these calculations demonstrate that the formation of ring-banded spherulites can be triggered by the self-generated thermal field. Moreover, some temperature-dependent characteristics of the ring-banded spherulites observed in experiments are reproduced by simulations, which may help to study the effects of crystallization temperature on the ring-banded structures.